CHANGES IN ARTHROPOD ABUNDANCE AND DIVERSITY WITH
... 1999; Goman & Wells 2000; Saltonstall 2002). Increases in dominance and distribution of these native plants can result in changes in vegetation structure and composition similar to those created by non-native plants (Slobodchikoff & Doyen 1977; French & Major 2001; Herrera & Dudley 2003; Cuda et al. ...
... 1999; Goman & Wells 2000; Saltonstall 2002). Increases in dominance and distribution of these native plants can result in changes in vegetation structure and composition similar to those created by non-native plants (Slobodchikoff & Doyen 1977; French & Major 2001; Herrera & Dudley 2003; Cuda et al. ...
La biodiversité, c`est la vie - doc-developpement
... • There are between 5 and 30 million species on Earth. [11] But only 1.5 to 1.8 million plant and animal species have been described / listed scientifically worldwide (this number, itself, remains unclear). • Marine species represent only 13% of all described species, about 275 000, 93 000 for the o ...
... • There are between 5 and 30 million species on Earth. [11] But only 1.5 to 1.8 million plant and animal species have been described / listed scientifically worldwide (this number, itself, remains unclear). • Marine species represent only 13% of all described species, about 275 000, 93 000 for the o ...
3. Ecosystems Booklet TN
... (d) rare initially/AW; ACCEPT that there weren’t very many at start prey, numbers have reduced/become extinct/have left the area; DO NOT CREDIT ‘lack of food’ unless has indicated that food is an animal idea of slower reproductive rate/AW; ACCEPT don’t breed as fast/don’t have as many offspring (e) ...
... (d) rare initially/AW; ACCEPT that there weren’t very many at start prey, numbers have reduced/become extinct/have left the area; DO NOT CREDIT ‘lack of food’ unless has indicated that food is an animal idea of slower reproductive rate/AW; ACCEPT don’t breed as fast/don’t have as many offspring (e) ...
Refuge effects of Juncus effusus in grazed, subtropical wetland plant
... hogs, and deer) from experimental plots. We constructed 32 exclosures (2 exclosures 9 16 wetlands) for this study. Two of the four 1 9 1 m subplots within each main grazing treatment plot were randomly assigned the Juncus treatment or non-Juncus treatment. All Juncus plants were removed from the non ...
... hogs, and deer) from experimental plots. We constructed 32 exclosures (2 exclosures 9 16 wetlands) for this study. Two of the four 1 9 1 m subplots within each main grazing treatment plot were randomly assigned the Juncus treatment or non-Juncus treatment. All Juncus plants were removed from the non ...
Towards a food web perspective on biodiversity and ecosystem
... impacts on processes that are disproportionate to their abundance or biomass. Duffy’s (2002) paper was one of the first to call for a merger of BEF and food-web theory, and the hypotheses put forth in that paper were useful, in part, because they represented an alternative to those posed by a number ...
... impacts on processes that are disproportionate to their abundance or biomass. Duffy’s (2002) paper was one of the first to call for a merger of BEF and food-web theory, and the hypotheses put forth in that paper were useful, in part, because they represented an alternative to those posed by a number ...
Processes of ecometric patterning: modelling functional traits
... from quantitative genetic and metapopulation theory: heritability, phenotypic variance, selection intensity, extirpation probability, dispersal probability, and population size. Our overarching goal is to determine how the balance between these parameters at the population level affects ecometric ou ...
... from quantitative genetic and metapopulation theory: heritability, phenotypic variance, selection intensity, extirpation probability, dispersal probability, and population size. Our overarching goal is to determine how the balance between these parameters at the population level affects ecometric ou ...
Appendix A2 Ecology - Environment Agency
... of sediment (often sand), particularly during the growing season, can kill plants in the landward parts of marshes where the species are more sensitive to burial. On the whole, however, high accretion rates per se are unlikely to be a limiting factor in the seaward growth of saltmarshes. Although ti ...
... of sediment (often sand), particularly during the growing season, can kill plants in the landward parts of marshes where the species are more sensitive to burial. On the whole, however, high accretion rates per se are unlikely to be a limiting factor in the seaward growth of saltmarshes. Although ti ...
Spatial dynamics of Norwegian tetraonid populations
... spatially autocorrelated climate, predation, or by dispersal between populations of one species. We used county wise time series of hunting bag records of four Norwegian tetraonid species covering 24 years to examine patterns of interspecific and intraspecific synchrony. We estimated synchrony at thre ...
... spatially autocorrelated climate, predation, or by dispersal between populations of one species. We used county wise time series of hunting bag records of four Norwegian tetraonid species covering 24 years to examine patterns of interspecific and intraspecific synchrony. We estimated synchrony at thre ...
The relationships between net primary productivity, human
... spatial regressions. I also assess changes in land-use with NPP and population density, focussing particularly on protected areas. An initial exploration into the implications of the NPP-population density relationship for regional conservation strategies is provided. Results Human population densit ...
... spatial regressions. I also assess changes in land-use with NPP and population density, focussing particularly on protected areas. An initial exploration into the implications of the NPP-population density relationship for regional conservation strategies is provided. Results Human population densit ...
Succession
... plants, such as ____________________, are often the first to begin secondary succession. As they grow they create _____________________. Shade-loving plants, such as mountain laurel, grow and create even more shade. The increased shade creates a lack of _________________________ for the sunlovin ...
... plants, such as ____________________, are often the first to begin secondary succession. As they grow they create _____________________. Shade-loving plants, such as mountain laurel, grow and create even more shade. The increased shade creates a lack of _________________________ for the sunlovin ...
6 Key Ecological Functions of wildlife Species
... and natural ecosystems.6 Sustainability may be defined as resource use habits that do not outstrip the capacity of an ecosystem to produce desirable conditions and commodities, and often has been seen as a de facto conservation goal. But what influences sustainability? Sustainable use of resources i ...
... and natural ecosystems.6 Sustainability may be defined as resource use habits that do not outstrip the capacity of an ecosystem to produce desirable conditions and commodities, and often has been seen as a de facto conservation goal. But what influences sustainability? Sustainable use of resources i ...
Powerpoint
... Sousa defined disturbance: Discrete, punctuated, killing, displacement, or damaging of one or more individuals that directly or indirectly creates an opportunity for new individuals to be established. Two major characteristics: Frequency Intensity Molles: Ecology 2nd Ed. ...
... Sousa defined disturbance: Discrete, punctuated, killing, displacement, or damaging of one or more individuals that directly or indirectly creates an opportunity for new individuals to be established. Two major characteristics: Frequency Intensity Molles: Ecology 2nd Ed. ...
establishment by invasive, naturalized, and native asters reflects
... grass (Poaceae) over much of this region. Laboratory feeding trials We conducted cafeteria-style feeding trials in 37.8-L (10-gallon) glass aquaria with wire mesh tops to examine how P. maniculatus varied in its seed feeding preferences. The tanks were divided into two square halves by a 3.8 cm tall ...
... grass (Poaceae) over much of this region. Laboratory feeding trials We conducted cafeteria-style feeding trials in 37.8-L (10-gallon) glass aquaria with wire mesh tops to examine how P. maniculatus varied in its seed feeding preferences. The tanks were divided into two square halves by a 3.8 cm tall ...
PDF
... the smaller area. The estimated benefit that will accrue from the protection of this area of native vegetation comes to $4,296,537. ...
... the smaller area. The estimated benefit that will accrue from the protection of this area of native vegetation comes to $4,296,537. ...
Invisible invaders: non-pathogenic invasive microbes in aquatic and
... of life, such as viruses (although it is debated whether viruses are true life forms), bacteria, protists and fungi, have been reported (Briand et al. 2004; Reid et al. 2007; Allan et al. 2009; Pringle et al. 2009a). Among the invasive microbes, pathogens of plants, animals and humans are much bette ...
... of life, such as viruses (although it is debated whether viruses are true life forms), bacteria, protists and fungi, have been reported (Briand et al. 2004; Reid et al. 2007; Allan et al. 2009; Pringle et al. 2009a). Among the invasive microbes, pathogens of plants, animals and humans are much bette ...
SudingMS_final_1007_RYS
... 1996; Lyons et al. 2005). Some functional effects are proportional to abundance, with effect ...
... 1996; Lyons et al. 2005). Some functional effects are proportional to abundance, with effect ...
Herbivore and pathogen damage on grassland and woodland plants
... classified visitation frequency as a fixed effect, but both species identity and site as random effects. To directly compare our two most extreme visitation treatments and to make our study more comparable with the two-treatment design (weekly and once) used by Cahill et al. (2001), we ran an additi ...
... classified visitation frequency as a fixed effect, but both species identity and site as random effects. To directly compare our two most extreme visitation treatments and to make our study more comparable with the two-treatment design (weekly and once) used by Cahill et al. (2001), we ran an additi ...
The river Rhine: a global highway for dispersal of aquatic invasive
... macroinvertebrate assemblages in the littoral zones indicate that native species are displaced by nonindigenous species. However, established non-indigenous species are also displaced by more recent mass invaders. Keywords Dispersal rate Invasion corridor Macroinvertebrates Non-indigenous spec ...
... macroinvertebrate assemblages in the littoral zones indicate that native species are displaced by nonindigenous species. However, established non-indigenous species are also displaced by more recent mass invaders. Keywords Dispersal rate Invasion corridor Macroinvertebrates Non-indigenous spec ...
Settlement, growth and structure of three marine
... i:f larvae can survive :for long periods by feeding they can be dispersed greater distances by the non-tidal currents and hence achieve a wide distribution. Larvae are able to have some control over their transport by water currents. ...
... i:f larvae can survive :for long periods by feeding they can be dispersed greater distances by the non-tidal currents and hence achieve a wide distribution. Larvae are able to have some control over their transport by water currents. ...
biolief 2011 - conference program and abstract book[1]
... Nicolás Soria – Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), Córdoba, Argentina. Invasive plants in Chaco forests: Relationships between plant density and survival, livestock, and forest fragmentation. ...
... Nicolás Soria – Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), Córdoba, Argentina. Invasive plants in Chaco forests: Relationships between plant density and survival, livestock, and forest fragmentation. ...
wildlife matters - Australian Wildlife Conservancy
... The focus of this edition is the state of Australia’s threatened mammal species. AWC is proud to be a major sponsor of, and a significant contributor to, the first ever comprehensive review of the state of Australia’s mammal fauna. This historic analysis - the Action Plan for Australian Mammals – pr ...
... The focus of this edition is the state of Australia’s threatened mammal species. AWC is proud to be a major sponsor of, and a significant contributor to, the first ever comprehensive review of the state of Australia’s mammal fauna. This historic analysis - the Action Plan for Australian Mammals – pr ...
EU NON-NATIVE SPECIES RISK ANALYSIS – RISK ASSESSMENT
... probably a species complex. Asia, Africa and North America. One Asian snakehead has been established in Oahu, Hawaii, since before 1900. Another species was discovered established in southeastern Florida in 2000, and a third in a pond in Maryland in 2002. Others have been captured from natural water ...
... probably a species complex. Asia, Africa and North America. One Asian snakehead has been established in Oahu, Hawaii, since before 1900. Another species was discovered established in southeastern Florida in 2000, and a third in a pond in Maryland in 2002. Others have been captured from natural water ...
Rodent Burrow Systems in North America
... Abstract: Many rodent species are effective burrowers. In North America, these include species of ground squirrels, prairie dogs, marmots, and pocket gophers. The burrow systems of other species of rodents such as voles and mice are less elaborate and pose less potential for direct damage. Burrowing ...
... Abstract: Many rodent species are effective burrowers. In North America, these include species of ground squirrels, prairie dogs, marmots, and pocket gophers. The burrow systems of other species of rodents such as voles and mice are less elaborate and pose less potential for direct damage. Burrowing ...
Competitive ability of the epilithic moss Thuidium
... been recognized: turfs – plants with parallel upright shoots, smooth mats – with dense and interwoven shoots extending horizontally, and wefts- with loose inter-twining shoots often ascending (Gimingham & Cunninghan 1957). Species also have exclusive traits such as flagelliform branches that may be ...
... been recognized: turfs – plants with parallel upright shoots, smooth mats – with dense and interwoven shoots extending horizontally, and wefts- with loose inter-twining shoots often ascending (Gimingham & Cunninghan 1957). Species also have exclusive traits such as flagelliform branches that may be ...
Community-wide distribution of predator–prey interaction strength in
... parameterized version of Eq. 2. The use of adult biomasses, and the fact that herbivores in experimental feeding trials were offered only a single-species prey resource, were consistent with our goal of estimating maximum per capita interaction strength for each species in the analyses. Finally, we ...
... parameterized version of Eq. 2. The use of adult biomasses, and the fact that herbivores in experimental feeding trials were offered only a single-species prey resource, were consistent with our goal of estimating maximum per capita interaction strength for each species in the analyses. Finally, we ...
Introduced species
An introduced, alien, exotic, non-indigenous, or non-native species, or simply an introduction, is a species living outside its native distributional range, which has arrived there by human activity, either deliberate or accidental. Non-native species can have various effects on the local ecosystem. Introduced species that become established and spread beyond the place of introduction are called invasive species. Some have a negative effect on a local ecosystem. Some introduced species may have no negative effect or only minor impact. Some species have been introduced intentionally to combat pests. They are called biocontrols and may be regarded as beneficial as an alternative to pesticides in agriculture for example. In some instances the potential for being beneficial or detrimental in the long run remains unknown. A list of some introduced species is given in a separate article.The effects of introduced species on natural environments have gained much scrutiny from scientists, governments, farmers and others.