Ecological and evolutionary consequences of size
... larger individuals of a species has been shown to have a negative effect on its demography, life history and ecology, and empirical studies are increasingly documenting such impacts. But determining whether the observed changes represent evolutionary response or phenotypic plasticity remains a chall ...
... larger individuals of a species has been shown to have a negative effect on its demography, life history and ecology, and empirical studies are increasingly documenting such impacts. But determining whether the observed changes represent evolutionary response or phenotypic plasticity remains a chall ...
Estimates of species extinctions from species–area relationships
... limitations will result in a clumpy species distribution for both competition–colonization and neutral dynamics, irrespective of the underlying environment. The later may however be more aggregated, owing to the much slower process of ecological drift rather than to competitive exclusion. The role o ...
... limitations will result in a clumpy species distribution for both competition–colonization and neutral dynamics, irrespective of the underlying environment. The later may however be more aggregated, owing to the much slower process of ecological drift rather than to competitive exclusion. The role o ...
Evolutionary determinants of morphological polymorphism
... the most extreme members of discrete social insect castes (Wilson 1975). Moreover, the number and frequency of different types of polymorphs can vary from colony to colony both within and among species. The various types of polymorphs differ from autozooids by giving up one or more basic tasks to sp ...
... the most extreme members of discrete social insect castes (Wilson 1975). Moreover, the number and frequency of different types of polymorphs can vary from colony to colony both within and among species. The various types of polymorphs differ from autozooids by giving up one or more basic tasks to sp ...
B I O D I V E R S I... R E S E A R C H
... Baits tend to undersample trophic specialists and subordinate or single-foraging species because baits are often dominated by mass-recruiting species. We used several baits in an area and made multiple observations throughout the day to minimize these problems (Bestelmeyer et al., 2000). In 2003 (bu ...
... Baits tend to undersample trophic specialists and subordinate or single-foraging species because baits are often dominated by mass-recruiting species. We used several baits in an area and made multiple observations throughout the day to minimize these problems (Bestelmeyer et al., 2000). In 2003 (bu ...
Managing invasive and non-native forestry species
... age. It allows native species to regain lost ground, but requires on-going management to maintain the status quo. Containment keeps a population within certain limits so that it doesn’t spread beyond a geographical area. For mobile species such as grey squirrel it is usual to create a buffer zone ou ...
... age. It allows native species to regain lost ground, but requires on-going management to maintain the status quo. Containment keeps a population within certain limits so that it doesn’t spread beyond a geographical area. For mobile species such as grey squirrel it is usual to create a buffer zone ou ...
Human-aided admixture may fuel ecosystem transformation during biological invasions: theoretical and
... variation and competes for similar niche space with native species? How might admixture and its effects on functional traits mechanistically act to alter both the outcome of competition and ecosystem function? Studies have documented that invasive species are capable of substantially altering native ...
... variation and competes for similar niche space with native species? How might admixture and its effects on functional traits mechanistically act to alter both the outcome of competition and ecosystem function? Studies have documented that invasive species are capable of substantially altering native ...
6.3 Biodiversity - Mater Academy of International Studies
... habits or the way they earn their living. It is often helpful to offer some reward or incentive to the people or communities involved. The United States government, for example, has offered tax credits to people who’ve installed solar panels or bought hybrid cars. Many communities in Africa, Central ...
... habits or the way they earn their living. It is often helpful to offer some reward or incentive to the people or communities involved. The United States government, for example, has offered tax credits to people who’ve installed solar panels or bought hybrid cars. Many communities in Africa, Central ...
Harmonia axyridis in Europe: spread and distribution of a non
... Germany and/or eastern France. In a large survey for ladybirds in northwestern Switzerland, H. axyridis was found to be the seventh most abundant species on trees and shrubs, and the first cases of aggregations on buildings were notified in autumn 2006 in Basle, where the species was the most abunda ...
... Germany and/or eastern France. In a large survey for ladybirds in northwestern Switzerland, H. axyridis was found to be the seventh most abundant species on trees and shrubs, and the first cases of aggregations on buildings were notified in autumn 2006 in Basle, where the species was the most abunda ...
Chapter 55
... traditional or primary vegetation has been lost. • These conservation hotspots are areas that are in most urgent need of conservation action and where efforts to preserve habitat would have the highest return on investment. ...
... traditional or primary vegetation has been lost. • These conservation hotspots are areas that are in most urgent need of conservation action and where efforts to preserve habitat would have the highest return on investment. ...
Kuchta et al., 2008
... and never attempted to eat one. Newts are extremely abundant at both study sites (e.g., Trenham 1998; S. R. Kuchta, pers. obs), and it is highly probable that the jays in this study had prior opportunities to be educated on the chemical defenses of newts. Innate avoidance of the newt color pattern c ...
... and never attempted to eat one. Newts are extremely abundant at both study sites (e.g., Trenham 1998; S. R. Kuchta, pers. obs), and it is highly probable that the jays in this study had prior opportunities to be educated on the chemical defenses of newts. Innate avoidance of the newt color pattern c ...
16: 228-235
... Three components of M. luisana fitness were estimated: (i) seed production, (ii) seed predation and (iii) seed viability. Seed production was estimated by counting the total number of seeds produced by the shrub M. luisana in patches with and without neighbors. A total of 90 reproductive M. luisana i ...
... Three components of M. luisana fitness were estimated: (i) seed production, (ii) seed predation and (iii) seed viability. Seed production was estimated by counting the total number of seeds produced by the shrub M. luisana in patches with and without neighbors. A total of 90 reproductive M. luisana i ...
species richness, latitude, and scale-sensitivity
... and contemporary ecological characteristics. This makes them ideal for evaluating the impact of scalesensitivity on latitudinal gradients. Moreover, much is known about gradients of richness and range size in these two groups. Bats (;250 New World species) occur throughout most of North and South Am ...
... and contemporary ecological characteristics. This makes them ideal for evaluating the impact of scalesensitivity on latitudinal gradients. Moreover, much is known about gradients of richness and range size in these two groups. Bats (;250 New World species) occur throughout most of North and South Am ...
MS Word - Invasive.Org
... Preserve, a 500+ acre preserve with a 60-acre pond adjacent to the Connecticut River, was established by the State of Connecticut, The Nature Conservancy, and the East Haddam Land Trust, Inc. This preserve and its encompassing floodplain is a place of high native biodiversity, as its open water, wet ...
... Preserve, a 500+ acre preserve with a 60-acre pond adjacent to the Connecticut River, was established by the State of Connecticut, The Nature Conservancy, and the East Haddam Land Trust, Inc. This preserve and its encompassing floodplain is a place of high native biodiversity, as its open water, wet ...
Marine and Reef Janitors - Kieron Dodds
... to accept. Without nutrients available for their growth, nuisance organisms, like other organisms, will not survive. Removing detritus in some way, before it is available to these nuisance organisms, which are most often algae and cyanobacteria, is one approach to controlling or eliminating those or ...
... to accept. Without nutrients available for their growth, nuisance organisms, like other organisms, will not survive. Removing detritus in some way, before it is available to these nuisance organisms, which are most often algae and cyanobacteria, is one approach to controlling or eliminating those or ...
conservation and use of wild ungulates in central asia – potentials
... bocharensis) and the Karatau argali (Ovis ammon nigrimontana) are under acute threat of extinction. The other subspecies’ populations are reported to subsist at a stable but low level at best, or rapidly declining in the worst case. ...
... bocharensis) and the Karatau argali (Ovis ammon nigrimontana) are under acute threat of extinction. The other subspecies’ populations are reported to subsist at a stable but low level at best, or rapidly declining in the worst case. ...
Confessions of a Gall Hunter by Ron Russo
... moths, adults are necessary for a definitive identification. If galls are collected too early, before the larvae have completed their development, chances of rearing adults are slim. If galls are collected closer to or after completion of larval development, then there is a greater chance adults wil ...
... moths, adults are necessary for a definitive identification. If galls are collected too early, before the larvae have completed their development, chances of rearing adults are slim. If galls are collected closer to or after completion of larval development, then there is a greater chance adults wil ...
Ecological Effects of Invasive Arthropod Generalist Predators
... introductions of 179 ladybird species into North America alone. Of these at least 18 have become established (Obrycki et al. 2000), and two in particular, Coccinella septempunctata and Harmonia axyridis, are generalists that have become highly invasive. Species in one other major taxon of invasive a ...
... introductions of 179 ladybird species into North America alone. Of these at least 18 have become established (Obrycki et al. 2000), and two in particular, Coccinella septempunctata and Harmonia axyridis, are generalists that have become highly invasive. Species in one other major taxon of invasive a ...
Reef fish of the Sugar Loaf Islands
... than at the reference sites. The greater abundance and variety of species that are not targeted either by commercial or recreational fishers inside SLIMPA indicates that habitat complexity rather than the fisheries restrictions is probably responsible for this difference. Species with small home ran ...
... than at the reference sites. The greater abundance and variety of species that are not targeted either by commercial or recreational fishers inside SLIMPA indicates that habitat complexity rather than the fisheries restrictions is probably responsible for this difference. Species with small home ran ...
Management Strategies: Stoat (Mustela erminea)
... native bird life). They should also be based around firm humane guidelines and legal methods of disposing of the animals. Interestingly, the large majority of respondents (96%) in a public survey responded that the least acceptable option (out of 13 stoat control methods including not controlling st ...
... native bird life). They should also be based around firm humane guidelines and legal methods of disposing of the animals. Interestingly, the large majority of respondents (96%) in a public survey responded that the least acceptable option (out of 13 stoat control methods including not controlling st ...
Download publication
... comes from studies of a handful of ant species. The ecological impacts of the many additional introduced ‘tramp’ ant species are largely unknown. In mesic upland forests of O‘ahu, Hawai‘i, ten species of introduced ants were found on four species of understory trees. However, these ants were general ...
... comes from studies of a handful of ant species. The ecological impacts of the many additional introduced ‘tramp’ ant species are largely unknown. In mesic upland forests of O‘ahu, Hawai‘i, ten species of introduced ants were found on four species of understory trees. However, these ants were general ...
Community Patterns in Source
... Species Abundance Patterns. Figure 1 shows species relative abundances in a local community at equilibrium as a function of the proportion of dispersal within the metacommunity in the case when regional heterogeneity is maximal. When dispersal was zero, dominance by the best local competitor was com ...
... Species Abundance Patterns. Figure 1 shows species relative abundances in a local community at equilibrium as a function of the proportion of dispersal within the metacommunity in the case when regional heterogeneity is maximal. When dispersal was zero, dominance by the best local competitor was com ...
Does eutrophication-driven evolution change aquatic ecosystems?
... dynamics, particularly with respect to changing selection pressures and the underlying fitness landscape. The direct effect of increasing nutrients in aquatic systems is to increase growth rates of primary producers. Increasing productivity generally corresponds with a shift among groups of primary ...
... dynamics, particularly with respect to changing selection pressures and the underlying fitness landscape. The direct effect of increasing nutrients in aquatic systems is to increase growth rates of primary producers. Increasing productivity generally corresponds with a shift among groups of primary ...
Species, concepts of. In Levin, S.A.
... In January 1904, E. B. Poulton read his famous presidential address—‘‘What is a species?’’—to the Entomological Society in London (see historical analysis by Mallet, 2004). Following up some ideas raised (but immediately dismissed) by Wallace (1865), Poulton proposed ‘‘syngamy’’ (i.e., interbreeding ...
... In January 1904, E. B. Poulton read his famous presidential address—‘‘What is a species?’’—to the Entomological Society in London (see historical analysis by Mallet, 2004). Following up some ideas raised (but immediately dismissed) by Wallace (1865), Poulton proposed ‘‘syngamy’’ (i.e., interbreeding ...
Island restoration
The ecological restoration of islands, or island restoration, is the application of the principles of ecological restoration to islands and island groups. Islands, due to their isolation, are home to many of the world's endemic species, as well as important breeding grounds for seabirds and some marine mammals. Their ecosystems are also very vulnerable to human disturbance and particularly to introduced species, due to their small size. Island groups such as New Zealand and Hawaii have undergone substantial extinctions and losses of habitat. Since the 1950s several organisations and government agencies around the world have worked to restore islands to their original states; New Zealand has used them to hold natural populations of species that would otherwise be unable to survive in the wild. The principal components of island restoration are the removal of introduced species and the reintroduction of native species.