Friedreich`s ataxia: Pathology, pathogenesis, and
... From among the 30 FRDA patients shown in Table 2, three (FRDA 13, FRDA 19, and FRDA 27) had received continuous intrathecal baclofen injections for the control of leg spasticity. Nearly all patients become paraplegic and require wheelchairs. Harding [16] estimated that over half of her patients were ...
... From among the 30 FRDA patients shown in Table 2, three (FRDA 13, FRDA 19, and FRDA 27) had received continuous intrathecal baclofen injections for the control of leg spasticity. Nearly all patients become paraplegic and require wheelchairs. Harding [16] estimated that over half of her patients were ...
Neuroimaging predictors of treatment response in anxiety disorders Open Access
... Although several psychological and pharmacological treatment options are available for anxiety disorders, not all patients respond well to each option. Furthermore, given the relatively long duration of adequate treatment trials, finding a good treatment fit can take many months or longer. Thus, bot ...
... Although several psychological and pharmacological treatment options are available for anxiety disorders, not all patients respond well to each option. Furthermore, given the relatively long duration of adequate treatment trials, finding a good treatment fit can take many months or longer. Thus, bot ...
Depression of Acetylcholinesterase Synthesis Following Transient
... a number of studies yielded controversial results concerning AChE changes in ischemic bram AChE activity was significantly reduced in gerbil brain after the occlusion of the common carotid arteries (Mrsulja et al 1978), whereas increased AChE activity has been reported in the infarcted bram cortex a ...
... a number of studies yielded controversial results concerning AChE changes in ischemic bram AChE activity was significantly reduced in gerbil brain after the occlusion of the common carotid arteries (Mrsulja et al 1978), whereas increased AChE activity has been reported in the infarcted bram cortex a ...
TOWARDS AN "EARLY NEURAL CIRCUIT SIMULATOR": A FPGA
... largely uncharacterized and unquantified. It is becoming increasingly clear, however, that movement is as critical a part of sensing as the sensory receptors themselves. Some examples include eye movements for vision [1] and hand movements during touch [2]. The movements that occur during sensory da ...
... largely uncharacterized and unquantified. It is becoming increasingly clear, however, that movement is as critical a part of sensing as the sensory receptors themselves. Some examples include eye movements for vision [1] and hand movements during touch [2]. The movements that occur during sensory da ...
Vestibular System
... The eyes are shifted in a direction opposite to the direction that the head is accelerated, in order to maintain a stable visual field. For example, head rotation to the right produces increased AP frequency in the right vestibular nerve and decreased frequency in the left. Vestibular nuclei on the ...
... The eyes are shifted in a direction opposite to the direction that the head is accelerated, in order to maintain a stable visual field. For example, head rotation to the right produces increased AP frequency in the right vestibular nerve and decreased frequency in the left. Vestibular nuclei on the ...
The neural basis of the speed–accuracy tradeoff - Eric
... a similar inverse relationship was not found for another decision-related area, the lateral PFC, which led Ivanoff et al. [5] to suggest that in the lateral PFC baseline changes were accompanied by threshold changes. As mentioned above, results from studies that have examined trial-to-trial variabil ...
... a similar inverse relationship was not found for another decision-related area, the lateral PFC, which led Ivanoff et al. [5] to suggest that in the lateral PFC baseline changes were accompanied by threshold changes. As mentioned above, results from studies that have examined trial-to-trial variabil ...
Patterning and axon guidance of cranial motor neurons
... are involved in elaborating axon projections have also been characterized. However, many important questions remain. The unique features of the differentiation programmes of each of the cranial nerves are only partly characterized. In particular, we know little about how patterning genes dictate the ...
... are involved in elaborating axon projections have also been characterized. However, many important questions remain. The unique features of the differentiation programmes of each of the cranial nerves are only partly characterized. In particular, we know little about how patterning genes dictate the ...
Neuronal mechanisms for the perception of ambiguous stimuli
... [fMRI], magneto-encephalography and other brain imaging). The development of novel behavioural paradigms (particularly for application with non-human subjects) has enabled a new range of studies at the level of single neurons. In conjunction with these advances, it has been proposed that one might b ...
... [fMRI], magneto-encephalography and other brain imaging). The development of novel behavioural paradigms (particularly for application with non-human subjects) has enabled a new range of studies at the level of single neurons. In conjunction with these advances, it has been proposed that one might b ...
The rat ponto-medullary network responsible for paradoxical
... found that applications for 5 min of kainic acid and for 15 or 90 min of gabazine and bicuculline with a current intensity of 100 nA induced a sustained PS-like state while 50 nA applications did not reliably induced such effect. Applications of kainic acid, bicuculline or gabazine with 200 nA curr ...
... found that applications for 5 min of kainic acid and for 15 or 90 min of gabazine and bicuculline with a current intensity of 100 nA induced a sustained PS-like state while 50 nA applications did not reliably induced such effect. Applications of kainic acid, bicuculline or gabazine with 200 nA curr ...
Categories in the Brain - Rice University -
... • Cats and monkeys don’t have language • Therefore language must have unique properties of its structural representation in the cortex • Answer: Yes, language is different, but – The differences are a consequence not of different (local) structure but differences of connectivity – The network does n ...
... • Cats and monkeys don’t have language • Therefore language must have unique properties of its structural representation in the cortex • Answer: Yes, language is different, but – The differences are a consequence not of different (local) structure but differences of connectivity – The network does n ...
The Constructive Nature of Visual Processing
... from background (see Chapter 27). The highest level involves object recognition (see Chapter 28). Once a scene has been parsed by the brain and objects recognized, the objects can be matched with memories of shapes and their associated meanings. Vision also has an important role in guiding body move ...
... from background (see Chapter 27). The highest level involves object recognition (see Chapter 28). Once a scene has been parsed by the brain and objects recognized, the objects can be matched with memories of shapes and their associated meanings. Vision also has an important role in guiding body move ...
J.H. Meijer, S. Michel, M.J. Vansteensel
... system and illustrate some of the techniques that are used in studies on this topic. We review important findings on retinal circadian photoreception and the direct responses of SCN neurons to retinal illumination, and we describe recent insights in the mechanisms of entrainment as well as photoperio ...
... system and illustrate some of the techniques that are used in studies on this topic. We review important findings on retinal circadian photoreception and the direct responses of SCN neurons to retinal illumination, and we describe recent insights in the mechanisms of entrainment as well as photoperio ...
Taste bud - Science Mission
... • Binding of tastant with receptor cell alters cell’s ionic channels to produce depolarizing receptor potential • Receptor potential initiates action potentials within terminal endings of afferent nerve fibers with which receptor cell synapses • Terminal afferent endings of several cranial nerves sy ...
... • Binding of tastant with receptor cell alters cell’s ionic channels to produce depolarizing receptor potential • Receptor potential initiates action potentials within terminal endings of afferent nerve fibers with which receptor cell synapses • Terminal afferent endings of several cranial nerves sy ...
Brain stem representation of thermal and psychogenic sweating in
... nonthermal drives (26, 27), and their secretions serve a wide range of secondary functions, such as facilitating tactile and thermal sensitivity, increasing contact friction (grip), and reducing the risk of tissue damage (55). The main nonthermal drive to sweating in resting individuals is mental st ...
... nonthermal drives (26, 27), and their secretions serve a wide range of secondary functions, such as facilitating tactile and thermal sensitivity, increasing contact friction (grip), and reducing the risk of tissue damage (55). The main nonthermal drive to sweating in resting individuals is mental st ...
Anatomical Evidence of Multimodal Integration in Primate
... The primary visual cortex (area 17 or V1) is not thought to receive input from nonvisual extrastriate cortical areas. However, this has yet to be shown to be the case using sensitive tracers in the part of area 17 subserving the peripheral visual field. Here we show using retrograde tracers that per ...
... The primary visual cortex (area 17 or V1) is not thought to receive input from nonvisual extrastriate cortical areas. However, this has yet to be shown to be the case using sensitive tracers in the part of area 17 subserving the peripheral visual field. Here we show using retrograde tracers that per ...
The natural hallucinogen 5-MeO-DMT, component of Ayahuasca
... 5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) is a natural hallucinogen component of Ayahuasca, an Amazonian beverage traditionally used for ritual, religious and healing purposes that is being increasingly used for recreational purposes in US and Europe. 5MeO-DMT is of potential interest for schizop ...
... 5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) is a natural hallucinogen component of Ayahuasca, an Amazonian beverage traditionally used for ritual, religious and healing purposes that is being increasingly used for recreational purposes in US and Europe. 5MeO-DMT is of potential interest for schizop ...
The Inherited Metabolic Disorders News
... converted to lactate and alanine. Acetyl Co A is one of the two essential substrates needed to produce citrate. Because citrate is the first substrate in the citric acid cycle, the cycle cannot proceed. The citric acid cycle is essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates. Individuals with severe d ...
... converted to lactate and alanine. Acetyl Co A is one of the two essential substrates needed to produce citrate. Because citrate is the first substrate in the citric acid cycle, the cycle cannot proceed. The citric acid cycle is essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates. Individuals with severe d ...
Nonlinear brain dynamics as macroscopic manifestation of
... functions of organized nervous tissue. … Here is the dilemma. Nerve impulses are transmitted from cell to cell through definite intercellular connections. Yet all behavior seems to be determined by masses of excitation. ... What sort of nervous organization might be capable of responding to a patter ...
... functions of organized nervous tissue. … Here is the dilemma. Nerve impulses are transmitted from cell to cell through definite intercellular connections. Yet all behavior seems to be determined by masses of excitation. ... What sort of nervous organization might be capable of responding to a patter ...
Therapeutic Massage
... musculature Sensory receptors are stimulated in the skin and superficial fascia ...
... musculature Sensory receptors are stimulated in the skin and superficial fascia ...
PDF
... 50% of AI, and labeled fibers in the cochlear nucleus were distributed primarily in the granule cell areas surrounding the VCN (Fig. IB). The thin (<0.5 pm) labeled fibers entered the cochlear nucleus from its medial aspect by way of the dorsal and intermediate acoustic striae. These thin fibers bra ...
... 50% of AI, and labeled fibers in the cochlear nucleus were distributed primarily in the granule cell areas surrounding the VCN (Fig. IB). The thin (<0.5 pm) labeled fibers entered the cochlear nucleus from its medial aspect by way of the dorsal and intermediate acoustic striae. These thin fibers bra ...
Module 3 and 4 Practice Test
... d. aphasia. e. plasticity. ____ 35. Information is most quickly transmitted from one cerebral hemisphere to the other by the a. medulla. b. corpus callosum. c. angular gyrus. d. limbic system. e. reticular formation. ...
... d. aphasia. e. plasticity. ____ 35. Information is most quickly transmitted from one cerebral hemisphere to the other by the a. medulla. b. corpus callosum. c. angular gyrus. d. limbic system. e. reticular formation. ...
Dream Protein - Greens First
... Muscle Recovery. Dr. Burke outlines the therapeutic benefits of whey protein that deal directly with soft tissue and/or ligamentous tissue repair and healing, immune enhancement, energy production, immune enhancement, fighting infection, and perhaps even fighting cancer. He said he found that whey p ...
... Muscle Recovery. Dr. Burke outlines the therapeutic benefits of whey protein that deal directly with soft tissue and/or ligamentous tissue repair and healing, immune enhancement, energy production, immune enhancement, fighting infection, and perhaps even fighting cancer. He said he found that whey p ...
tracts - Anatomický ústav 1. LF UK
... b) Deep mechanoreceptors – are in dermis, in muscle fasciae, in periosteum, mesentery and in periodontium: Vater-Pacini and Ruffini bodies. React on pressure, vibration, skin tension, tooth movement. c) receptors in locomotory apparatus Muscle spindles, tendon (Golgi) bodies, joint receptors. The ar ...
... b) Deep mechanoreceptors – are in dermis, in muscle fasciae, in periosteum, mesentery and in periodontium: Vater-Pacini and Ruffini bodies. React on pressure, vibration, skin tension, tooth movement. c) receptors in locomotory apparatus Muscle spindles, tendon (Golgi) bodies, joint receptors. The ar ...
Cerebellar Loops with Motor Cortex and Prefrontal Cortex of a
... Determination of injection sites. At the time of virus injections, we made a detailed drawing or took photographs of the cortical area to be injected. These pictures included important landmarks such as cortical sulci and major blood vessels. As each injection was made, its location was marked on an ...
... Determination of injection sites. At the time of virus injections, we made a detailed drawing or took photographs of the cortical area to be injected. These pictures included important landmarks such as cortical sulci and major blood vessels. As each injection was made, its location was marked on an ...
Clinical neurochemistry
Clinical neurochemistry is the field of neurological biochemistry which relates biochemical phenomena to clinical symptomatic manifestations in humans. While neurochemistry is mostly associated with the effects of neurotransmitters and similarly-functioning chemicals on neurons themselves, clinical neurochemistry relates these phenomena to system-wide symptoms. Clinical neurochemistry is related to neurogenesis, neuromodulation, neuroplasticity, neuroendocrinology, and neuroimmunology in the context of associating neurological findings at both lower and higher level organismal functions.