A Loop Unique to Ferredoxin-Dependent Glutamate Synthases is
... shown), in both the visible and near UV regions, of the loopless variant were very similar to those measured for the wild-type enzyme. Thus, although the presence of small conformational differences produced by deletion of the 27 amino acids of the loop cannot be ruled out, the CD data allow us to c ...
... shown), in both the visible and near UV regions, of the loopless variant were very similar to those measured for the wild-type enzyme. Thus, although the presence of small conformational differences produced by deletion of the 27 amino acids of the loop cannot be ruled out, the CD data allow us to c ...
Review International Journal of Integrative Biology Reticular
... The core reticular formation (RF) is located in the brain stem and is divided into three longitudinal zones: the lateral (sensory), the medial (motor) and the midline (all others) zone. The RF has synaptic connections with many discrete structures of the central nervous system, including the cerebra ...
... The core reticular formation (RF) is located in the brain stem and is divided into three longitudinal zones: the lateral (sensory), the medial (motor) and the midline (all others) zone. The RF has synaptic connections with many discrete structures of the central nervous system, including the cerebra ...
BEL β-trefoil: A novel lectin with antineoplastic properties in king
... called lectins (Sharon 2007). In general, ligand binding precedes the fulfillment of an important biological function, which in some cases is still not known. Some members of this family are also called agglutinins because of their ability to agglutinate red blood cells, but this term does not necess ...
... called lectins (Sharon 2007). In general, ligand binding precedes the fulfillment of an important biological function, which in some cases is still not known. Some members of this family are also called agglutinins because of their ability to agglutinate red blood cells, but this term does not necess ...
Applications of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve State-of-the-Art Update
... those not receiving actual TENS treatment. Taylor and associates conducted a similar study with patients who had undergone abdominal surgery.4 Thirty patients used actual TENS and 22 patients used sham units for one hour every four hours for the first three postoperative days. Patients were permitte ...
... those not receiving actual TENS treatment. Taylor and associates conducted a similar study with patients who had undergone abdominal surgery.4 Thirty patients used actual TENS and 22 patients used sham units for one hour every four hours for the first three postoperative days. Patients were permitte ...
ARTICLES - Test Page
... the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampal dentate gyrus1–6. A huge number of neurons born in the SVZ migrate into the olfactory bulb, form a rostral migratory stream and differentiate into local interneurons (granule and periglomerular cells), whereas neurons born in the SGZ become granule cells ...
... the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampal dentate gyrus1–6. A huge number of neurons born in the SVZ migrate into the olfactory bulb, form a rostral migratory stream and differentiate into local interneurons (granule and periglomerular cells), whereas neurons born in the SGZ become granule cells ...
Knockdown of the Dyslexia-Associated Gene
... the animal was unrestrained in a 30 × 30 cm cage and sounds were presented from a calibrated magnetic speaker (Tucker Davis Technologies, Alachua, FL, USA) mounted 35 cm directly above the animal (Rennaker, Street, et al. 2005; Rennaker, Ruyle, et al. 2005). A headstage amplifier was directly attache ...
... the animal was unrestrained in a 30 × 30 cm cage and sounds were presented from a calibrated magnetic speaker (Tucker Davis Technologies, Alachua, FL, USA) mounted 35 cm directly above the animal (Rennaker, Street, et al. 2005; Rennaker, Ruyle, et al. 2005). A headstage amplifier was directly attache ...
Immunocytochemical Distribution of the
... (designated CB1) (Devane and others 1988). This finding led to the cloning of the brain CB1 receptor (Matsuda and others 1990) and the identification of a peripheral CB2 receptor (Munro and others 1993), both of which are G protein--coupled receptors. The discovery of the endogenous cannabinoids anand ...
... (designated CB1) (Devane and others 1988). This finding led to the cloning of the brain CB1 receptor (Matsuda and others 1990) and the identification of a peripheral CB2 receptor (Munro and others 1993), both of which are G protein--coupled receptors. The discovery of the endogenous cannabinoids anand ...
Organization of Cortical and Thalamic Input to Pyramidal Neurons in
... (Deschênes et al., 1998; Ohno et al., 2012) and ventrolateral thalamus (VL) (Strick and Sterling, 1974; Asanuma et al., 1979; Asanuma et al., 1980; Nambu et al., 1988; Kuramoto et al., 2009). Motor thalamus consists of several nuclei, including the anteromedial (AM), ventral anterior (VA), and vent ...
... (Deschênes et al., 1998; Ohno et al., 2012) and ventrolateral thalamus (VL) (Strick and Sterling, 1974; Asanuma et al., 1979; Asanuma et al., 1980; Nambu et al., 1988; Kuramoto et al., 2009). Motor thalamus consists of several nuclei, including the anteromedial (AM), ventral anterior (VA), and vent ...
The Evolution of Neuron Types and Cortical
... the axonal cytoskeleton, its expression is associated with neurons that have thick myelinated axons (Hoffman et al., 1987; Kirkcaldie et al., 2002). In addition, the calcium-binding proteins–calbindin D28k (CB), calretinin (CR), and parvalbumin (PV)– are useful markers for understanding the cortical ...
... the axonal cytoskeleton, its expression is associated with neurons that have thick myelinated axons (Hoffman et al., 1987; Kirkcaldie et al., 2002). In addition, the calcium-binding proteins–calbindin D28k (CB), calretinin (CR), and parvalbumin (PV)– are useful markers for understanding the cortical ...
MECHANISMS OF CENTRAL TRANSMISSION OF RESPIRATORY
... chemoreceptor excitation likewise led to increased activity (P. Langhorst and H. P. Koepchen, unpublished data). Therefore the chemoreceptor reflex increase of breathing is a generally activating reflex according to case c in Table I . The known inhibition of respiration by arterial baroreceptor aff ...
... chemoreceptor excitation likewise led to increased activity (P. Langhorst and H. P. Koepchen, unpublished data). Therefore the chemoreceptor reflex increase of breathing is a generally activating reflex according to case c in Table I . The known inhibition of respiration by arterial baroreceptor aff ...
Afferent Input to Nucleus Submedius in Rats
... medially, and laterally. The results of these injections are included for 2 main reasons.First, since our data indicate that neurons in the marginal zone of the spinal cord do not appear to project to Sm, it is possiblethat they may project to an area near Sm. Theseinjections should reveal the prese ...
... medially, and laterally. The results of these injections are included for 2 main reasons.First, since our data indicate that neurons in the marginal zone of the spinal cord do not appear to project to Sm, it is possiblethat they may project to an area near Sm. Theseinjections should reveal the prese ...
Nitric Oxide Synthase Protein and mRNA Are
... the brain reveal discrete localization to limited populations of cells in the cerebral cortex and corpus striaturn, to basket and granule cells of the cerebellum, and to other selected sites (Bredt et al., 1990). in these studies we did not observe any extremely close correlation with the localizati ...
... the brain reveal discrete localization to limited populations of cells in the cerebral cortex and corpus striaturn, to basket and granule cells of the cerebellum, and to other selected sites (Bredt et al., 1990). in these studies we did not observe any extremely close correlation with the localizati ...
Basal Ganglia Outputs Map Instantaneous Position Coordinates
... animal’s head position during movement. The firing rates of SNr neurons are either positively or negatively correlated with the coordinates. Using an egocentric reference frame, four types of neurons can be classified: each type increases firing during movement in a particular direction (left, right ...
... animal’s head position during movement. The firing rates of SNr neurons are either positively or negatively correlated with the coordinates. Using an egocentric reference frame, four types of neurons can be classified: each type increases firing during movement in a particular direction (left, right ...
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... the brain’s ability to process phonemes. In the current study, we used RNA interference (RNAi) to reduce expression of Kiaa0319 (the rat homolog of the human gene KIAA0319) and evaluate the effect in a rat model of phoneme discrimination. Speech discrimination thresholds in normal rats are nearly id ...
... the brain’s ability to process phonemes. In the current study, we used RNA interference (RNAi) to reduce expression of Kiaa0319 (the rat homolog of the human gene KIAA0319) and evaluate the effect in a rat model of phoneme discrimination. Speech discrimination thresholds in normal rats are nearly id ...
Sensory signals during active versus passive movement
... found, however, that when head-restrained monkeys attempted to move their heads, generating levels of neck torque comparable to those issued during large active head movements, neuronal responses were not modulated [3]. Further exploration has provided evidence for Von Holst and Mittelstaedt’s pri ...
... found, however, that when head-restrained monkeys attempted to move their heads, generating levels of neck torque comparable to those issued during large active head movements, neuronal responses were not modulated [3]. Further exploration has provided evidence for Von Holst and Mittelstaedt’s pri ...
Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.43 No.4
... CAPE, which is an active component of propolis extract, was found to inhibit 5-lipoxygenase in micromolar concentrations, and to block the production of reactive oxygen species in human neutrophils and the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system. It was also believed to contribute to the anti-inflammatory ...
... CAPE, which is an active component of propolis extract, was found to inhibit 5-lipoxygenase in micromolar concentrations, and to block the production of reactive oxygen species in human neutrophils and the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system. It was also believed to contribute to the anti-inflammatory ...
Activity of ribosomes and tmRNA of Streptomyces aureofaciens
... GDPNP can substitute GTP in the binding of fMet-tRNA to ribosomes, but increasing concentrations of UTP had no stimulation effect. To investigate whether the stimulatory effect of UTP possibly influences the correct position of fMet-tRNA on ribosome, the transfer of fMet-tRNA from 70S ribosomes to p ...
... GDPNP can substitute GTP in the binding of fMet-tRNA to ribosomes, but increasing concentrations of UTP had no stimulation effect. To investigate whether the stimulatory effect of UTP possibly influences the correct position of fMet-tRNA on ribosome, the transfer of fMet-tRNA from 70S ribosomes to p ...
Neuropilin-2 Regulates the Development of Select Cranial and
... “secretory trap vector,” which encodes the transmembrane domain of CD4 and a -galactosidase-neomycin fusion protein (-geo) (Skarnes et al., 1995). As described, this vector can be used to selectively mutate genes encoding proteins with signal sequences. Mutation of such a gene is achieved by inser ...
... “secretory trap vector,” which encodes the transmembrane domain of CD4 and a -galactosidase-neomycin fusion protein (-geo) (Skarnes et al., 1995). As described, this vector can be used to selectively mutate genes encoding proteins with signal sequences. Mutation of such a gene is achieved by inser ...
Knockdown of the Dyslexia-Associated Gene
... screws had attached leads to serve as a reference wire and a grounding wire. A craniotomy and durotomy were performed to expose the cortex in the region of primary auditory cortex. The microwire array was then inserted to a depth of 550–600 µm (layer IV/V) in primary auditory cortex using a custom b ...
... screws had attached leads to serve as a reference wire and a grounding wire. A craniotomy and durotomy were performed to expose the cortex in the region of primary auditory cortex. The microwire array was then inserted to a depth of 550–600 µm (layer IV/V) in primary auditory cortex using a custom b ...
Auditory Cortex (1)
... 1. Woolsey CN and Walzl EM. Topical projection of nerve fibers from local regions of the cochlea to the cerebral cortex of the cat. Bulletin of the Johns Hopkins Hospital 71: 315-344, 1942. 2. Evans EF, Ross HF and Whitfield IC. The spatial distribution of unit characteristic frequency in the primar ...
... 1. Woolsey CN and Walzl EM. Topical projection of nerve fibers from local regions of the cochlea to the cerebral cortex of the cat. Bulletin of the Johns Hopkins Hospital 71: 315-344, 1942. 2. Evans EF, Ross HF and Whitfield IC. The spatial distribution of unit characteristic frequency in the primar ...
involvement of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis activated by
... Chronic use of morphine is well known to lead to physical and psychological dependence, characterized by the expression of withdrawal symptoms including both somatic and affective components, upon cessation of drug administration. In animals, morphine withdrawal produces various characteristic somat ...
... Chronic use of morphine is well known to lead to physical and psychological dependence, characterized by the expression of withdrawal symptoms including both somatic and affective components, upon cessation of drug administration. In animals, morphine withdrawal produces various characteristic somat ...
Ch. 14 CNS textbook
... rior median sulcus, just miss dividing the cord into separate symmetrical halves. The anterior fissure is the deeper and the wider of the two grooves—a useful factor to remember when you examine spinal cord diagrams. It enables you to tell at a glance which part of the cord is anterior and which is ...
... rior median sulcus, just miss dividing the cord into separate symmetrical halves. The anterior fissure is the deeper and the wider of the two grooves—a useful factor to remember when you examine spinal cord diagrams. It enables you to tell at a glance which part of the cord is anterior and which is ...
Neurodynamical modeling of arbitrary visuomotor tasks
... In Chapter 2, we present a neurophysiological model of visuomotor mappings which contains populations of neurons which are selective to the stimuli, the motor responses and the associations (published in the European Journal of Neuroscience (Loh & Deco 2005)). It is meant to cover the whole processi ...
... In Chapter 2, we present a neurophysiological model of visuomotor mappings which contains populations of neurons which are selective to the stimuli, the motor responses and the associations (published in the European Journal of Neuroscience (Loh & Deco 2005)). It is meant to cover the whole processi ...
Effects of Repeated Administration of 3,4
... Also previous studies have shown that the high-dose of MDMA leads to neurotoxic effects such as neuronal apoptosis, reduced neuronal viability, and mitochondrial damage (Jimenez et al., 2004). It has also been shown that MDMA induces apoptosis, oxidative stress, and increased transcription of the ce ...
... Also previous studies have shown that the high-dose of MDMA leads to neurotoxic effects such as neuronal apoptosis, reduced neuronal viability, and mitochondrial damage (Jimenez et al., 2004). It has also been shown that MDMA induces apoptosis, oxidative stress, and increased transcription of the ce ...
Clinical neurochemistry
Clinical neurochemistry is the field of neurological biochemistry which relates biochemical phenomena to clinical symptomatic manifestations in humans. While neurochemistry is mostly associated with the effects of neurotransmitters and similarly-functioning chemicals on neurons themselves, clinical neurochemistry relates these phenomena to system-wide symptoms. Clinical neurochemistry is related to neurogenesis, neuromodulation, neuroplasticity, neuroendocrinology, and neuroimmunology in the context of associating neurological findings at both lower and higher level organismal functions.