the primate amygdala: neuronal representations of
... 2001). Almost nothing is known, however, about whether aspects of food other than taste and smell are represented in the amygdala. The texture of food is important in its palatability and acceptability (Bourne, 2002, consider e.g. damp cereal or potato chips), and temperature may also be important ( ...
... 2001). Almost nothing is known, however, about whether aspects of food other than taste and smell are represented in the amygdala. The texture of food is important in its palatability and acceptability (Bourne, 2002, consider e.g. damp cereal or potato chips), and temperature may also be important ( ...
Dissecting and Staining Drosophila Optic Lobes
... Yamaguchi et al. 2008). Therefore, the fly color vision system likely relies on comparing the inputs of R7 and R8 in the medulla neuropil. To understand how color vision is processed, we have described the target neurons of R7 and R8 in the medulla (Morante and Desplan 2008) in a study that builds o ...
... Yamaguchi et al. 2008). Therefore, the fly color vision system likely relies on comparing the inputs of R7 and R8 in the medulla neuropil. To understand how color vision is processed, we have described the target neurons of R7 and R8 in the medulla (Morante and Desplan 2008) in a study that builds o ...
Protein Use during Training
... and consequent breakdown of healthy cells without repair, ultimately leading to elevated injury risk, slowed recovery time, and increased feelings of lethargy. Furthermore, recent research indicates a low protein intake is also associated with increased risk for stress fractures and osteoporosis, a ...
... and consequent breakdown of healthy cells without repair, ultimately leading to elevated injury risk, slowed recovery time, and increased feelings of lethargy. Furthermore, recent research indicates a low protein intake is also associated with increased risk for stress fractures and osteoporosis, a ...
Some Analogies Between Visual Cortical and Genetic Maps
... One of the central ideas of modern genetics is that a particular gene contains the instructions to make a particular protein that has a specific function. One example is the system of genes for photoreceptor proteins. Recently, Nathans et aj30 have mapped the DNA sequences of the genes for the rod a ...
... One of the central ideas of modern genetics is that a particular gene contains the instructions to make a particular protein that has a specific function. One example is the system of genes for photoreceptor proteins. Recently, Nathans et aj30 have mapped the DNA sequences of the genes for the rod a ...
Quick Quiz 1 - child-development-2011
... 1. All of the following are principles of development that can be recognized during infancy EXCEPT a. cephalocaudal principle. c. principle of hierarchial integration. b. proximodistal principle. d. principle of interdependent cooperation. 2. When considering the development of the brain, one biolog ...
... 1. All of the following are principles of development that can be recognized during infancy EXCEPT a. cephalocaudal principle. c. principle of hierarchial integration. b. proximodistal principle. d. principle of interdependent cooperation. 2. When considering the development of the brain, one biolog ...
Spontaneous activity and functional connectivity in the developing
... neurodevelopmental disorders such as schizophrenia and autism. Critical to the function of these networks is the cerebellorubral pathway, which connects the cerebellum with one of its primary efferent targets, the red nucleus. For the first time, we characterize sleep- and wake-related * C. Del Rio- ...
... neurodevelopmental disorders such as schizophrenia and autism. Critical to the function of these networks is the cerebellorubral pathway, which connects the cerebellum with one of its primary efferent targets, the red nucleus. For the first time, we characterize sleep- and wake-related * C. Del Rio- ...
Crystal structure of mouse coronavirus receptor
... interactions (Fig. 1A). S1 sequences are relatively well conserved within each coronavirus group, but differ markedly between different groups. S1 contains two independent domains, N-terminal domain (NTD) and C domain, that can both serve as viral receptorbinding domains (RBDs) (Table S1). C domain ...
... interactions (Fig. 1A). S1 sequences are relatively well conserved within each coronavirus group, but differ markedly between different groups. S1 contains two independent domains, N-terminal domain (NTD) and C domain, that can both serve as viral receptorbinding domains (RBDs) (Table S1). C domain ...
The transcriptional regulator CprK detects chlorination by combining
... The CRP/FNR family of transcription regulators is ubiquitous in bacteria and is able to respond to a wide spectrum of signals from within the cell and its environment [18,19]. All members of this superfamily contain an N-terminal sensor module able to bind the effector—OCPA in the case of CprK—or un ...
... The CRP/FNR family of transcription regulators is ubiquitous in bacteria and is able to respond to a wide spectrum of signals from within the cell and its environment [18,19]. All members of this superfamily contain an N-terminal sensor module able to bind the effector—OCPA in the case of CprK—or un ...
studying the isolated central nervous system
... Working in Physiology, together with Mike Laverack, I showed that tissue extracts from the snail had a cardio acceleratory activity in addition to that produced by 5 HT. I was also interested in the effect of sudden temperature changes on the nervous systems and, with Brian Taylor, showed that a sud ...
... Working in Physiology, together with Mike Laverack, I showed that tissue extracts from the snail had a cardio acceleratory activity in addition to that produced by 5 HT. I was also interested in the effect of sudden temperature changes on the nervous systems and, with Brian Taylor, showed that a sud ...
Learning Through Imitation: a Biological Approach to Robotics
... A consistent number of studies has demonstrated that animals are also able to engage in various types of social behavior that involve some form of cooperation and coordination among individuals [6]–[9]. The existence of true imitative behavior in the animal kingdom is still in debate [10]–[12], howe ...
... A consistent number of studies has demonstrated that animals are also able to engage in various types of social behavior that involve some form of cooperation and coordination among individuals [6]–[9]. The existence of true imitative behavior in the animal kingdom is still in debate [10]–[12], howe ...
Multiple Representation in Primate SI
... 3b leave Area 1 unresponsive, consistent with anatomy studies that show that Area 1 receives the bulk of its input from Area 3b. These findings suggest that direct thalamic inputs to Area 1 play either a weak or a modulatory role in cutaneous information processing (Garraghty et al., 1990). In compa ...
... 3b leave Area 1 unresponsive, consistent with anatomy studies that show that Area 1 receives the bulk of its input from Area 3b. These findings suggest that direct thalamic inputs to Area 1 play either a weak or a modulatory role in cutaneous information processing (Garraghty et al., 1990). In compa ...
Number and Laminar Distribution of Neurons in a
... a projection column. The estimates confirmed previous reports suggesting that the ensembles of spiny L4 and thick-tufted pyramidal neurons emit the major fraction of APs of a column. The number of APs evoked in a column by a sensory stimulus (principal whisker deflection) was estimated as 4441 withi ...
... a projection column. The estimates confirmed previous reports suggesting that the ensembles of spiny L4 and thick-tufted pyramidal neurons emit the major fraction of APs of a column. The number of APs evoked in a column by a sensory stimulus (principal whisker deflection) was estimated as 4441 withi ...
Neural Crest - bthsresearch
... • Neural crest cells are individual migrating cells Difficult to see in the embryo • How did scientists find out where they were located, and what they became later on? • Ex. Nicole Le Douarin and the Quail-Chick Chimera ...
... • Neural crest cells are individual migrating cells Difficult to see in the embryo • How did scientists find out where they were located, and what they became later on? • Ex. Nicole Le Douarin and the Quail-Chick Chimera ...
The Neurology of Music for Post-Traumatic-Stress
... neurologically impact the brain, and how music can be used as a tool to neurologically aid in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder. Post-traumatic stress disorder impacts the hippocampus, the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex. Music stimulates the hippoc ...
... neurologically impact the brain, and how music can be used as a tool to neurologically aid in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder. Post-traumatic stress disorder impacts the hippocampus, the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex. Music stimulates the hippoc ...
Prevalent Presence of Periodic Actin-spectrin-based
... cultured from mouse central and peripheral nervous systems, including excitatory and inhibitory neurons from several brain regions, as well as sensory and motor neurons. Quantitative analyses show that MPS is preferentially formed in axons in all neuronal types tested here: spectrin shows a long-ran ...
... cultured from mouse central and peripheral nervous systems, including excitatory and inhibitory neurons from several brain regions, as well as sensory and motor neurons. Quantitative analyses show that MPS is preferentially formed in axons in all neuronal types tested here: spectrin shows a long-ran ...
Human olfaction: from genomic variation to phenotypic diversity
... those lacking a one-to-one ortholog in chimpanzee or those with close paralog in the human genome) were found to have more CNVs [29]. This finding might represent one mode of positional bias, whereby an enhanced probability of long-term evolutionary dynamics that involves gene ‘birth and death’ is c ...
... those lacking a one-to-one ortholog in chimpanzee or those with close paralog in the human genome) were found to have more CNVs [29]. This finding might represent one mode of positional bias, whereby an enhanced probability of long-term evolutionary dynamics that involves gene ‘birth and death’ is c ...
UShape Representation in the Inferior Temporal Cortex of MonkeysU
... the elements of which can be any image features, including non-geometrical ones, such as color or texture. In the simplest case, one hidden-layer unit is assumed to store each familiar view. When the network is presented with a novel view, each unit calculates the euclidean distance of the input vec ...
... the elements of which can be any image features, including non-geometrical ones, such as color or texture. In the simplest case, one hidden-layer unit is assumed to store each familiar view. When the network is presented with a novel view, each unit calculates the euclidean distance of the input vec ...
damage to oligodendrocytes and axons following endothelin 1
... There has been growing awareness among neurobiologists in recent years regarding the importance of understanding the molecular interactions that occur between neurons and glia in the CNS, particularly as it pertains to CNS pathological states with major impacts on society, such as trauma, stroke, an ...
... There has been growing awareness among neurobiologists in recent years regarding the importance of understanding the molecular interactions that occur between neurons and glia in the CNS, particularly as it pertains to CNS pathological states with major impacts on society, such as trauma, stroke, an ...
Anatomy Review - Interactive Physiology
... c. neurotransmitter 28. (Page 7.) Chemical synapses transmit signals more slowly than __________ ________ but the signal may be either ________ or __________, and the signal can be modified as it passes from one neuron to the next. a. electrical synapses, excitatory, inhibitory b. chemical synapses, ...
... c. neurotransmitter 28. (Page 7.) Chemical synapses transmit signals more slowly than __________ ________ but the signal may be either ________ or __________, and the signal can be modified as it passes from one neuron to the next. a. electrical synapses, excitatory, inhibitory b. chemical synapses, ...
Adiponectin
... obese diabetic mice with adiponectin →↑phosphorylation of IRS-1 & insulin receptor) Activation of PPARα leading to ↑ fatty acid combustion → ↓tissue FA → ↑ insulin sensitivity (C2C12 myocytes with adiponectin) ...
... obese diabetic mice with adiponectin →↑phosphorylation of IRS-1 & insulin receptor) Activation of PPARα leading to ↑ fatty acid combustion → ↓tissue FA → ↑ insulin sensitivity (C2C12 myocytes with adiponectin) ...
Effects of lithium and valproate on amphetamine
... free radicals exceeds the capacity of antioxidant defence, oxidative stress may lead to membrane degradation, cellular dysfunction and apoptosis. This might be relevant for the pathogenesis of BD, because in-vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies have demonstrated changes in brain compounds re ...
... free radicals exceeds the capacity of antioxidant defence, oxidative stress may lead to membrane degradation, cellular dysfunction and apoptosis. This might be relevant for the pathogenesis of BD, because in-vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies have demonstrated changes in brain compounds re ...
Structural Repair and Functional Recovery Following Cerebral
... able to replace various body parts. Tentacles, eyes, siphon, penis, and regions of the foot, mantle, and shell, can all be regenerated to a degree by most molluscs (Hyman, 1967). There is evidence of, if not a requirement for, the influence of neural factors on regeneration in each of these cases; d ...
... able to replace various body parts. Tentacles, eyes, siphon, penis, and regions of the foot, mantle, and shell, can all be regenerated to a degree by most molluscs (Hyman, 1967). There is evidence of, if not a requirement for, the influence of neural factors on regeneration in each of these cases; d ...
Stepwise Acquisition of Pyrimethamine Resistance in the Malaria
... sequence context in which it occurs (26). • Epistasis resulting from non-additive interactions between mutations in different genes, because the evolution of any enzyme in a metabolic pathway alters the selection pressures acting on other enzymes in the same metabolic pathway or others ...
... sequence context in which it occurs (26). • Epistasis resulting from non-additive interactions between mutations in different genes, because the evolution of any enzyme in a metabolic pathway alters the selection pressures acting on other enzymes in the same metabolic pathway or others ...
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Protein
... initially on the SOD1G93A mouse models. Despite the disagreements in therapeutic outcome between animal tests and human clinical trials [22–24], the combination of information obtained by use of mSOD1 has provided valuable insight into the disease process. 2.3 In vitro models of motor neuron degener ...
... initially on the SOD1G93A mouse models. Despite the disagreements in therapeutic outcome between animal tests and human clinical trials [22–24], the combination of information obtained by use of mSOD1 has provided valuable insight into the disease process. 2.3 In vitro models of motor neuron degener ...
HiFliQ Ni-NTA FPLC Columns - User Guide
... recommended that the cleared lysate be filter just prior to loading even if it has been previously filtered several days before. Ideally samples should be processed rapidly and, if the need arises, the protein purified at 4°C. It is also recommended that number of freeze/thaw cycles be minimised dur ...
... recommended that the cleared lysate be filter just prior to loading even if it has been previously filtered several days before. Ideally samples should be processed rapidly and, if the need arises, the protein purified at 4°C. It is also recommended that number of freeze/thaw cycles be minimised dur ...
Clinical neurochemistry
Clinical neurochemistry is the field of neurological biochemistry which relates biochemical phenomena to clinical symptomatic manifestations in humans. While neurochemistry is mostly associated with the effects of neurotransmitters and similarly-functioning chemicals on neurons themselves, clinical neurochemistry relates these phenomena to system-wide symptoms. Clinical neurochemistry is related to neurogenesis, neuromodulation, neuroplasticity, neuroendocrinology, and neuroimmunology in the context of associating neurological findings at both lower and higher level organismal functions.