Stereoscopic Mechanisms in Monkey Visual Cortex: Binocular
... drives these neurons to a maintained level of activity, which shifts, in response to correlated images, toward facilitation or suppression as a function of positional disparity. These neurons may operate in the neural processing leading to stereopsis, both coarse and fine, and also provide signals f ...
... drives these neurons to a maintained level of activity, which shifts, in response to correlated images, toward facilitation or suppression as a function of positional disparity. These neurons may operate in the neural processing leading to stereopsis, both coarse and fine, and also provide signals f ...
Combinatorial Complexity of 5 Alternative
... different ages (16, 25, and 34 gestational weeks) were transferred immediately to 4% paraformaldehyde, embedded in paraffin, and sliced (7 m). Fresh samples of umbilical cord blood cells were obtained following normal deliveries. Adult human brain samples were collected within 4 h postmortem from a ...
... different ages (16, 25, and 34 gestational weeks) were transferred immediately to 4% paraformaldehyde, embedded in paraffin, and sliced (7 m). Fresh samples of umbilical cord blood cells were obtained following normal deliveries. Adult human brain samples were collected within 4 h postmortem from a ...
Multifunctional Laryngeal Premotor Neurons: Their Activities during
... 1990; Ono et al., 2006). Most of the central pattern generators (CPGs) are not dedicated to producing a fixed motor pattern, but can assume different functional configurations and produce various motor patterns according to afferent inputs (Morton and Chiel, 1994; Dickinson, 1995; Marder and Calabre ...
... 1990; Ono et al., 2006). Most of the central pattern generators (CPGs) are not dedicated to producing a fixed motor pattern, but can assume different functional configurations and produce various motor patterns according to afferent inputs (Morton and Chiel, 1994; Dickinson, 1995; Marder and Calabre ...
Glycine Immunoreactivity of Multipolar Neurons in the Ventral
... and Young, 1980; Young et al., 1988). These local circuits, however, do not account for all of the response properties of DCN neurons. For example, type II units of the DCN are relatively unresponsive to broadband stimuli even when the stimuli contain energy within the excitatory response area of th ...
... and Young, 1980; Young et al., 1988). These local circuits, however, do not account for all of the response properties of DCN neurons. For example, type II units of the DCN are relatively unresponsive to broadband stimuli even when the stimuli contain energy within the excitatory response area of th ...
Degradation of Sphingolipids - Edward Dennis
... Trivia: Do you know your blood type? Is it A+? B-? O? The letters refer to the specific multi-sugar structures are attached to gangliosides and proteins on the surface of your red blood cells. ...
... Trivia: Do you know your blood type? Is it A+? B-? O? The letters refer to the specific multi-sugar structures are attached to gangliosides and proteins on the surface of your red blood cells. ...
Review. Multiple signaling modalities mediated by dendritic
... that in more than 60% of MCNs, axons arise from a dendrite rather than more conventionally from the soma [10,12]. These axon-bearing dendrites may not only be privileged in their ability to influence spiking initiation and overall neuronal output [13], but they could be in turn more efficiently affe ...
... that in more than 60% of MCNs, axons arise from a dendrite rather than more conventionally from the soma [10,12]. These axon-bearing dendrites may not only be privileged in their ability to influence spiking initiation and overall neuronal output [13], but they could be in turn more efficiently affe ...
PDF
... Fig. 1. Left-right AWC neuronal asymmetry in C. elegans. (A,B) Amphid wing ‘C’ (AWC) cell anatomy. Lateral (A) and transverse (B) views of a wild-type C. elegans head showing two bilateral AWC neurons. One AWC cell that expresses a GFP-tagged transgene of the candidate odorant receptor gene str-2 (s ...
... Fig. 1. Left-right AWC neuronal asymmetry in C. elegans. (A,B) Amphid wing ‘C’ (AWC) cell anatomy. Lateral (A) and transverse (B) views of a wild-type C. elegans head showing two bilateral AWC neurons. One AWC cell that expresses a GFP-tagged transgene of the candidate odorant receptor gene str-2 (s ...
glial versus neuronal uptake of glutamate
... Inactivation of amino acid neurotransmitters is generally held to be via high-affinity uptake into pre-synaptic neurones and glia, a model well established for monoaminergic systems. GABA, for instance, is taken up at high affinity by glia and GABAergic neurones, and the two uptake systems have been ...
... Inactivation of amino acid neurotransmitters is generally held to be via high-affinity uptake into pre-synaptic neurones and glia, a model well established for monoaminergic systems. GABA, for instance, is taken up at high affinity by glia and GABAergic neurones, and the two uptake systems have been ...
May 2015
... A) illustrates the process of identifying key anatomical landmarks by gently palpating ribs through the pleura and counting them. In B) the pleura is being pulled slightly away from structures beneath it so that it can be opened by coagulation, as in C), without damage to underlying structures. D) s ...
... A) illustrates the process of identifying key anatomical landmarks by gently palpating ribs through the pleura and counting them. In B) the pleura is being pulled slightly away from structures beneath it so that it can be opened by coagulation, as in C), without damage to underlying structures. D) s ...
The role of sodium channels in neuropathic pain
... the hyperalgesia and allodynia produced in the SNL model of neuropathic pain [51]. Coupled with evidence for profound decreases in Nav1.1, Nav1.2, and Nav1.7 expression in axotomised DRG neurons [38,40,52], it would appear that Nav1.3 becomes the predominant TTX-S channel in injured DRG neurons. Sig ...
... the hyperalgesia and allodynia produced in the SNL model of neuropathic pain [51]. Coupled with evidence for profound decreases in Nav1.1, Nav1.2, and Nav1.7 expression in axotomised DRG neurons [38,40,52], it would appear that Nav1.3 becomes the predominant TTX-S channel in injured DRG neurons. Sig ...
Multiple signalling modalities mediated by dendritic exocytosis of
... that in more than 60% of MCNs, axons arise from a dendrite rather than more conventionally from the soma [10,12]. These axon-bearing dendrites may not only be privileged in their ability to influence spiking initiation and overall neuronal output [13], but they could be in turn more efficiently affe ...
... that in more than 60% of MCNs, axons arise from a dendrite rather than more conventionally from the soma [10,12]. These axon-bearing dendrites may not only be privileged in their ability to influence spiking initiation and overall neuronal output [13], but they could be in turn more efficiently affe ...
Nissl substance and cellular structures involved in the intraneuronal
... distribution within nerve cells is maintained. These questions are the parts of the general problem – intracellular organization and integration of synthetic and transport processes. Another significant problem is the study of the mechanisms of neuroglial interactions: which ultrastructural elements ...
... distribution within nerve cells is maintained. These questions are the parts of the general problem – intracellular organization and integration of synthetic and transport processes. Another significant problem is the study of the mechanisms of neuroglial interactions: which ultrastructural elements ...
Essential Tremor Followed by Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
... (1, 2). Rest tremor may also develop in a small proportion of ET patients with long-standing disease or severe action tremor (3). Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a syndrome variably characterized by supranuclear palsy, postural instability, and, in many cases, some degree of parkinsonism. It ...
... (1, 2). Rest tremor may also develop in a small proportion of ET patients with long-standing disease or severe action tremor (3). Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a syndrome variably characterized by supranuclear palsy, postural instability, and, in many cases, some degree of parkinsonism. It ...
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour
... magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) (Iacoboni et al., 1999) and magnetoencephalography (Nishitani and Hari, 2000). What specific aspects of an action are encoded by the mirror system? Single-unit studies in the monkey suggest that cortical representations of an action are organized around the goal or ...
... magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) (Iacoboni et al., 1999) and magnetoencephalography (Nishitani and Hari, 2000). What specific aspects of an action are encoded by the mirror system? Single-unit studies in the monkey suggest that cortical representations of an action are organized around the goal or ...
Beili B24 25 Insulin
... phenylalanine residues at positions B24 and B25 in insulin. The analogs were successfully prepared by SPPS from individual A and B chains, in total yields that varied between 1 and 10%. The relative binding affinity of this group of insulin analogs for the insulin receptor was determined to differ b ...
... phenylalanine residues at positions B24 and B25 in insulin. The analogs were successfully prepared by SPPS from individual A and B chains, in total yields that varied between 1 and 10%. The relative binding affinity of this group of insulin analogs for the insulin receptor was determined to differ b ...
Neurotransmitter Transporters in the Central Nervous System
... GAT, GABA transporter; ALS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; aa, amino acid; 5-HT, 5-hydroxytryptamine, serotonin; CHO, Chinese hamster ovary; ChAT, choline acetyltransferase; ACh, acetylcholine; PKC, protein kinase C; PKA, protein kinase A; DAT, dopamine transporter; DA, dopamine; EAAT, excitatory am ...
... GAT, GABA transporter; ALS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; aa, amino acid; 5-HT, 5-hydroxytryptamine, serotonin; CHO, Chinese hamster ovary; ChAT, choline acetyltransferase; ACh, acetylcholine; PKC, protein kinase C; PKA, protein kinase A; DAT, dopamine transporter; DA, dopamine; EAAT, excitatory am ...
Mirror Neurons in a New World Monkey, Common Marmoset
... Dushanova and Donoghue, 2010) and humans (Mukamel et al., 2010). So far, the most phylogenetically ancient species found to have mirror neurons are songbirds whose forebrain has auditoryvocal mirror neurons suggested to be involved in imitative vocal learning (Prather et al., 2008; Keller and Hahnlo ...
... Dushanova and Donoghue, 2010) and humans (Mukamel et al., 2010). So far, the most phylogenetically ancient species found to have mirror neurons are songbirds whose forebrain has auditoryvocal mirror neurons suggested to be involved in imitative vocal learning (Prather et al., 2008; Keller and Hahnlo ...
- David McDonald, Duke University
... endogenous compound in all mammalian species and its most widely known function is as an important transporter of longchain fatty acids into mitochondria for b-oxidation. Humans obtain carnitine from their diet, predominately from meat and dairy, and through endogenous biosynthesis. LC is synthesize ...
... endogenous compound in all mammalian species and its most widely known function is as an important transporter of longchain fatty acids into mitochondria for b-oxidation. Humans obtain carnitine from their diet, predominately from meat and dairy, and through endogenous biosynthesis. LC is synthesize ...
Glycogen Metabolism and Gluconeogenesis
... Pertussis toxin (secreted by Bordetella pertussis) catalyzes ADP-ribosylation of a specific cysteine side chain on the α subunit of a G protein which inhibits adenyl cyclase and activates sodium channels. This covalent modification prevents the subunit from interacting with receptors; as a result, l ...
... Pertussis toxin (secreted by Bordetella pertussis) catalyzes ADP-ribosylation of a specific cysteine side chain on the α subunit of a G protein which inhibits adenyl cyclase and activates sodium channels. This covalent modification prevents the subunit from interacting with receptors; as a result, l ...
Neural Correlates for Perception of 3D Surface Orientation from
... within the cytoplasm as the animal moved (Fig. 4B). Mitochondria were not shaped or positioned properly in an unc-60(r398) mutant background (Fig. 4D). A partial loss-of-function allele in the C. elegans cofilin homolog, unc60(r398), disrupts actin filaments in the body wall muscle of adult hermaphr ...
... within the cytoplasm as the animal moved (Fig. 4B). Mitochondria were not shaped or positioned properly in an unc-60(r398) mutant background (Fig. 4D). A partial loss-of-function allele in the C. elegans cofilin homolog, unc60(r398), disrupts actin filaments in the body wall muscle of adult hermaphr ...
Anatomy of Olivocochlear Neurons
... Both groups of OC neurons have fibers that branch extensively in the cochlea (Fig. 2.3). The end result of the branching is that a relatively small number of OC neurons gives rise to numerous synapses in the cochlea. LOC fibers synapse mainly on dendrites of auditory nerve fibers beneath IHCs. In th ...
... Both groups of OC neurons have fibers that branch extensively in the cochlea (Fig. 2.3). The end result of the branching is that a relatively small number of OC neurons gives rise to numerous synapses in the cochlea. LOC fibers synapse mainly on dendrites of auditory nerve fibers beneath IHCs. In th ...
Otxl and Otx2 Define Layers and Regions in Developing Cerebral
... olive; and the vestibulocerebellum (archicerebellum or flocculonodular lobule: lobule 10 and flocculus), which receives vestibular afferent input (Brodal, 1981; Carpenter, 1985). Studies in mammals of the molecular mechanisms by which neurons are generated and patterned during development have been ...
... olive; and the vestibulocerebellum (archicerebellum or flocculonodular lobule: lobule 10 and flocculus), which receives vestibular afferent input (Brodal, 1981; Carpenter, 1985). Studies in mammals of the molecular mechanisms by which neurons are generated and patterned during development have been ...
For Peer Review - diss.fu
... modulation of ascending monoamine systems in response to afferents from limbic regions and basal ganglia. The LHb is implicated in various biological functions, such as reward, sleepwake cycle, feeding, pain processing and memory formation. The modulatory role of the LHb is partly assumed by putativ ...
... modulation of ascending monoamine systems in response to afferents from limbic regions and basal ganglia. The LHb is implicated in various biological functions, such as reward, sleepwake cycle, feeding, pain processing and memory formation. The modulatory role of the LHb is partly assumed by putativ ...
The Neuropsychology of Sigmund Freud
... This is an appropriate place, therefore, to look at one of the earlier of Freud's works from today's vantage. Forgotten, for the most part, is the fact that Freud was an internationally respected and competent neurologist deeply steeped in his tradition. He coined the term agnosia which is used toda ...
... This is an appropriate place, therefore, to look at one of the earlier of Freud's works from today's vantage. Forgotten, for the most part, is the fact that Freud was an internationally respected and competent neurologist deeply steeped in his tradition. He coined the term agnosia which is used toda ...
Clinical neurochemistry
Clinical neurochemistry is the field of neurological biochemistry which relates biochemical phenomena to clinical symptomatic manifestations in humans. While neurochemistry is mostly associated with the effects of neurotransmitters and similarly-functioning chemicals on neurons themselves, clinical neurochemistry relates these phenomena to system-wide symptoms. Clinical neurochemistry is related to neurogenesis, neuromodulation, neuroplasticity, neuroendocrinology, and neuroimmunology in the context of associating neurological findings at both lower and higher level organismal functions.