D 56. Shachak et al. 2008. Woody sp.as landscape modulators
... usually associated with bioturbation caused by burrowing animals (Whitford and Kay 1999, Reichman and Seabloom 2002). By mixing detritus with mineral soil, earthworms increase the rate of mineralization and redistribute nutrients (Darwin 1881, Meysman et al. 2006). By transporting saline soil from b ...
... usually associated with bioturbation caused by burrowing animals (Whitford and Kay 1999, Reichman and Seabloom 2002). By mixing detritus with mineral soil, earthworms increase the rate of mineralization and redistribute nutrients (Darwin 1881, Meysman et al. 2006). By transporting saline soil from b ...
ASSEMBLAGES: Evidence from the Fossil Record
... ways that paleontological faunal and some floral lists differ from ecological ones. Time-averaging also is present in some neoecological studies, such as those that assess plant damage in extant tropical forest litter, which may involve combining data from different seasons, years, or even longer in ...
... ways that paleontological faunal and some floral lists differ from ecological ones. Time-averaging also is present in some neoecological studies, such as those that assess plant damage in extant tropical forest litter, which may involve combining data from different seasons, years, or even longer in ...
Rusty Crayfish
... Rusty Crayfish are being spread in North America in bait buckets by fisherman. Once introduced, they can spread quickly into new habitats as they are opportunistic feeders, and resistant to a wide range of water temperatures. Only one fertilized female is needed to start a new population, as they ca ...
... Rusty Crayfish are being spread in North America in bait buckets by fisherman. Once introduced, they can spread quickly into new habitats as they are opportunistic feeders, and resistant to a wide range of water temperatures. Only one fertilized female is needed to start a new population, as they ca ...
Hooded Scaly-foot (Pygopus nigriceps)
... Encourage scientific research into the ecology of the Hooded Scaly-foot. ...
... Encourage scientific research into the ecology of the Hooded Scaly-foot. ...
HYPOTHERMAL MORTALITY IN MARINE FISHES OF
... (1941), 4 = Gunter and Hall (1963), 5 = Miller (1940), 6 = Rinckey and Saloman (1964),9 = Starck and Schroeder (1970), 10 = Storey (1937), 11 = Storey and Gudger (1936), 12 = Willcox (1887). A question marker precedes the author reference number if the correct species is not certain from the referen ...
... (1941), 4 = Gunter and Hall (1963), 5 = Miller (1940), 6 = Rinckey and Saloman (1964),9 = Starck and Schroeder (1970), 10 = Storey (1937), 11 = Storey and Gudger (1936), 12 = Willcox (1887). A question marker precedes the author reference number if the correct species is not certain from the referen ...
Macroecological patterns of species richness in parasite assemblages
... island biogeography theory, which predicts that host features, such as body size, that are associated with the probability of colonization by new parasite species, should covary with parasite species richness. The second predictive framework derives from epidemiological modelling; it predicts that h ...
... island biogeography theory, which predicts that host features, such as body size, that are associated with the probability of colonization by new parasite species, should covary with parasite species richness. The second predictive framework derives from epidemiological modelling; it predicts that h ...
Lecture Outlines Natural Disasters, 5th edition
... • Horseshoe crabs have survived for last 450 million years • Sharks have been successful predators for last 350 million years – biggest threat of extinction is today, from humans • Conifers, ferns, horsetail and scouring rushes have existed since 275 million years ago • Norfolk pine, gingko biloba, ...
... • Horseshoe crabs have survived for last 450 million years • Sharks have been successful predators for last 350 million years – biggest threat of extinction is today, from humans • Conifers, ferns, horsetail and scouring rushes have existed since 275 million years ago • Norfolk pine, gingko biloba, ...
High selfing capability and low pollinator visitation in the
... conspecific plants but the additional presence of mechanisms that promote autogamy may compensate for the reduced capacity of epiphytes to attract pollinators as a consequence of their highly aggregated spatial distribution in the forest and low floral displays (Bush & Beach 1995). Levin (1972) hypo ...
... conspecific plants but the additional presence of mechanisms that promote autogamy may compensate for the reduced capacity of epiphytes to attract pollinators as a consequence of their highly aggregated spatial distribution in the forest and low floral displays (Bush & Beach 1995). Levin (1972) hypo ...
patterns of cowbird parasitism in the southern atlantic coastal plain
... ABSTRACT.—Until recently, little information was available on patterns of brood parasitism by Brownheaded Cowbirds (Molothrus ater) in the southeastern United States, a region into which cowbirds expanded their range only during the last half of the Twentieth Century and where their abundance is rel ...
... ABSTRACT.—Until recently, little information was available on patterns of brood parasitism by Brownheaded Cowbirds (Molothrus ater) in the southeastern United States, a region into which cowbirds expanded their range only during the last half of the Twentieth Century and where their abundance is rel ...
PREDATORY AND PARASITIC LEPIDOPTERA
... 1931, 1938, 1939, Brues 1936, Clausen 1940). The great emphasis on phytophagous species overlooks the considerable dietary diversity exhibited by Lepidoptera as a whole, and yet a consideration of both the scope of this diversity and its limitations can provide valuable insight into the ecology and ...
... 1931, 1938, 1939, Brues 1936, Clausen 1940). The great emphasis on phytophagous species overlooks the considerable dietary diversity exhibited by Lepidoptera as a whole, and yet a consideration of both the scope of this diversity and its limitations can provide valuable insight into the ecology and ...
Biodiversity Guided Notes - Bloomsburg Area School District
... • Ecologists often use the numbers of endemic species of plants as an ______________________________ because plants form the basis of ecosystems on land. ...
... • Ecologists often use the numbers of endemic species of plants as an ______________________________ because plants form the basis of ecosystems on land. ...
Invasive Species Articles
... But many American scientists are coming to view some earthworms as enemies. In the 1600s, European settlers brought European earthworms to North America. At that time, the continent’s northern forests had no soil-mixing earthworms. If any had once existed there, they were likely very different from ...
... But many American scientists are coming to view some earthworms as enemies. In the 1600s, European settlers brought European earthworms to North America. At that time, the continent’s northern forests had no soil-mixing earthworms. If any had once existed there, they were likely very different from ...
Is farther seed dispersal better?
... We mapped all Licania and Carapa seedlings B100 cm in height across a 200 200 m (4 ha) area in the centre of the 400 400 m area described above in May 1999. For Voucapoua, we used an existing mapping of seedlings across a 250 20 m (0.5 ha) area, carried out in November 1992 (PJvdM and FB). Thus, ...
... We mapped all Licania and Carapa seedlings B100 cm in height across a 200 200 m (4 ha) area in the centre of the 400 400 m area described above in May 1999. For Voucapoua, we used an existing mapping of seedlings across a 250 20 m (0.5 ha) area, carried out in November 1992 (PJvdM and FB). Thus, ...
Transactions of the American Fisheries Society High Diet Overlap
... Dunsmoor 2007). In particular, the feeding habits of smallbodied fishes have not been investigated and the potential for exploitative interspecific competition is not well known. Assessment of competition is challenging because there may be large variation in diets over time as a result of ontogeny ...
... Dunsmoor 2007). In particular, the feeding habits of smallbodied fishes have not been investigated and the potential for exploitative interspecific competition is not well known. Assessment of competition is challenging because there may be large variation in diets over time as a result of ontogeny ...
4H Science Toolkit - Lost Ladybug Project
... something other than the toads. Aphids take over for a while. Disaster for the plants. 10. Round Three allows for only ONE species (half the number) of ladybugs to participate. In real life, predation and reproductive rates do not stay exactly the same with changes in population numbers. So, here we ...
... something other than the toads. Aphids take over for a while. Disaster for the plants. 10. Round Three allows for only ONE species (half the number) of ladybugs to participate. In real life, predation and reproductive rates do not stay exactly the same with changes in population numbers. So, here we ...
Juan Fernández petrel
... days and 55–60 days for Stejneger’s and Juan Fernández petrels, respectively, and nestling periods are approximately three months (Brooke 1987). At the time that the study period began, breeding birds of both species were at the end of the incubation period or had chicks no older than two weeks of a ...
... days and 55–60 days for Stejneger’s and Juan Fernández petrels, respectively, and nestling periods are approximately three months (Brooke 1987). At the time that the study period began, breeding birds of both species were at the end of the incubation period or had chicks no older than two weeks of a ...
Refuge effects of Juncus effusus in grazed, subtropical wetland plant
... levels of grazing (Brooker et al. 2006; Graff et al. 2007; Smit et al. 2007). Of the few studies that have assessed plant interactions along stress gradients, most have only been able to compare two (high versus low) points along the gradient (Brooker et al. 2006, 2008). More studies are needed that ...
... levels of grazing (Brooker et al. 2006; Graff et al. 2007; Smit et al. 2007). Of the few studies that have assessed plant interactions along stress gradients, most have only been able to compare two (high versus low) points along the gradient (Brooker et al. 2006, 2008). More studies are needed that ...
j.0022-1112.2005.00934.x.doc
... are using similar microhabitats. This does not imply co-occurrence, however, since similar habitats could be used at different moments. To assess possible patterns of cooccurrence among the studied species and size classes a principal components analysis (PCA) was applied to a matrix of traps x CPUE ...
... are using similar microhabitats. This does not imply co-occurrence, however, since similar habitats could be used at different moments. To assess possible patterns of cooccurrence among the studied species and size classes a principal components analysis (PCA) was applied to a matrix of traps x CPUE ...
View - OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center
... (ERDD), control and management, restoration, and organizational collaboration. It is the final “arm’ of this plan (i.e. organizational collaboration) that will be focus of this study, with the understanding that the four other focuses are implemented to a certain degree, though not exclusively, via ...
... (ERDD), control and management, restoration, and organizational collaboration. It is the final “arm’ of this plan (i.e. organizational collaboration) that will be focus of this study, with the understanding that the four other focuses are implemented to a certain degree, though not exclusively, via ...
Mycorrhizae and succession in plantings of beachgrass in sand dunes
... plant colonizers (Nicolson, 1960; Sylvia and Will, 1988; Harbor and PilgrimLake by wind-blownsand are longGemma and Koske, 1989, 1992; Koske and Gemma, standingproblemsin the area. ...
... plant colonizers (Nicolson, 1960; Sylvia and Will, 1988; Harbor and PilgrimLake by wind-blownsand are longGemma and Koske, 1989, 1992; Koske and Gemma, standingproblemsin the area. ...
Protected species - The Woodland Trust
... Natural England offer EPS best practice guidance to avoid committing an offence under the regulationsiii. Woodland managers are advised to obtain information and best practice guidance from the Forestry Commissioniv. If this best practice guidance cannot be followed or if it is not applicable, then ...
... Natural England offer EPS best practice guidance to avoid committing an offence under the regulationsiii. Woodland managers are advised to obtain information and best practice guidance from the Forestry Commissioniv. If this best practice guidance cannot be followed or if it is not applicable, then ...
Bifrenaria
Bifrenaria, abbreviated Bif. in horticultural trade, is a genus of plant in family Orchidaceae. It contains 20 species found in Panama, Trinidad and South America. There are no known uses for them, but their abundant, and at first glance artificial, flowers, make them favorites of orchid growers.The genus can be split in two clearly distinct groups: one of highly robust plants with large flowers, that encompass the first species to be classified under the genus Bifrenaria; other of more delicate plants with smaller flowers occasionally classified as Stenocoryne or Adipe. There are two additional species that are normally classified as Bifrenaria, but which molecular analysis indicate to belong to different orchid groups entirely. One is Bifrenaria grandis which is endemic to Bolívia and which is now placed in Lacaena, and Bifrenaria steyermarkii, an inhabitant of the northern Amazon Forest, which does not have an alternative classification.