An implantable electrode design for both chronic in vivo
... (arrows) and consecutive activity of the fast adapting stretch receptor neuron (broken line). Trace 1 recording is proximal to the ganglion. Note the strong decrease in neuronal activity during the contraction phase in the flexor muscles during the tail flip. ...
... (arrows) and consecutive activity of the fast adapting stretch receptor neuron (broken line). Trace 1 recording is proximal to the ganglion. Note the strong decrease in neuronal activity during the contraction phase in the flexor muscles during the tail flip. ...
The Central Nervous System CNS
... Another Classification of Neurons • Sensory neurons (afferent neurons) conduct impulses from peripheral receptors to the CNS and are usually unipolar, although some are bipolar neurons. • Interneurons are multipolar neurons lying within the CNS that form links between other neurons. • Motor neurons ...
... Another Classification of Neurons • Sensory neurons (afferent neurons) conduct impulses from peripheral receptors to the CNS and are usually unipolar, although some are bipolar neurons. • Interneurons are multipolar neurons lying within the CNS that form links between other neurons. • Motor neurons ...
File
... 2. Depolarization – an active transport process that requires ATP and protein channels. Depolarization occurs when Na+ moves into the cell, causing the charge on the axonal membrane to become negative, thus initiating an action potential. 3. Repolarization – Na+ channels close, K+ moves back into th ...
... 2. Depolarization – an active transport process that requires ATP and protein channels. Depolarization occurs when Na+ moves into the cell, causing the charge on the axonal membrane to become negative, thus initiating an action potential. 3. Repolarization – Na+ channels close, K+ moves back into th ...
CHAPTER 6 PRINCIPLES OF NEURAL CIRCUITS.
... produce a single large EPSP that may be sufficiently large to reach threshold. Similarly, many small IPSPs may add up to produce a large IPSP. EPSPs and IPSPs from different sources may cancel each other out so that the result is the net sum of both, or even zero. Temporal summation Temporal summati ...
... produce a single large EPSP that may be sufficiently large to reach threshold. Similarly, many small IPSPs may add up to produce a large IPSP. EPSPs and IPSPs from different sources may cancel each other out so that the result is the net sum of both, or even zero. Temporal summation Temporal summati ...
EXAM 1 Study Guide
... 2) requirements: in order for modal action pattern to develop, organism must be exposed to the sign stimulus during the critical period in the organism’s development 3) Types of stimuli: a supernormal stimulus can elicit and exaggerated response. Habituation: 1) def: Learning not to make a response ...
... 2) requirements: in order for modal action pattern to develop, organism must be exposed to the sign stimulus during the critical period in the organism’s development 3) Types of stimuli: a supernormal stimulus can elicit and exaggerated response. Habituation: 1) def: Learning not to make a response ...
conductance versus current-based integrate-and - Neuro
... linearly with increasing drive. However, if this balance does not exist, for example by only increasing the presynaptic excitatory rate, the corresponding increase in conductance leads to a sub-linear depolarization with the drive. (ii) Increase of the voltage variance: It was recently suggested th ...
... linearly with increasing drive. However, if this balance does not exist, for example by only increasing the presynaptic excitatory rate, the corresponding increase in conductance leads to a sub-linear depolarization with the drive. (ii) Increase of the voltage variance: It was recently suggested th ...
Autonomic nervous system
... motor neurons) associated with the _____________. _______________ detect chemical and physical changes _______________ stimulate smooth muscle contraction _______________ connect types 1 & 2 together ...
... motor neurons) associated with the _____________. _______________ detect chemical and physical changes _______________ stimulate smooth muscle contraction _______________ connect types 1 & 2 together ...
Slide 1
... motor neurons) associated with the _____________. _______________ detect chemical and physical changes _______________ stimulate smooth muscle contraction _______________ connect types 1 & 2 together ...
... motor neurons) associated with the _____________. _______________ detect chemical and physical changes _______________ stimulate smooth muscle contraction _______________ connect types 1 & 2 together ...
What structures comprise the sympathetic division?
... motor neurons) associated with the _____________. _______________ detect chemical and physical changes _______________ stimulate smooth muscle contraction _______________ connect types 1 & 2 together ...
... motor neurons) associated with the _____________. _______________ detect chemical and physical changes _______________ stimulate smooth muscle contraction _______________ connect types 1 & 2 together ...
Practice Exam 3 ANSWERS
... c. oligodendrocytes in the PNS and Schwann cells in the CNS d. ependymal CSF 5. The presynaptic axon terminal releases vesicles of neurotransmitter via a. endocytosis b. exocytosis c. phagocytosis d. pinocytosis 6. An excitatory neurotransmitter secreted by motor neurons innervating skeletal muscle ...
... c. oligodendrocytes in the PNS and Schwann cells in the CNS d. ependymal CSF 5. The presynaptic axon terminal releases vesicles of neurotransmitter via a. endocytosis b. exocytosis c. phagocytosis d. pinocytosis 6. An excitatory neurotransmitter secreted by motor neurons innervating skeletal muscle ...
The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity
... Conduction though the autonomic chain is slower than through the somatic motor Many pre and postganglionic fibers are incorporated into spinal or cranial nerves for most of their course ...
... Conduction though the autonomic chain is slower than through the somatic motor Many pre and postganglionic fibers are incorporated into spinal or cranial nerves for most of their course ...
Crayfish flash cards
... Small legs found on the abdomen; used for swimming & moving water towards gills ...
... Small legs found on the abdomen; used for swimming & moving water towards gills ...
Exercise 13
... Afferent = Toward the CNS • These carry sensory information from the body to the CNS (brain and spinal cord) • Their axons run in the same group as the motor neurons (nerves=groups of axons) • Their cell bodies are clustered outside of the spinal cord and are called ganglia • These axons enter the s ...
... Afferent = Toward the CNS • These carry sensory information from the body to the CNS (brain and spinal cord) • Their axons run in the same group as the motor neurons (nerves=groups of axons) • Their cell bodies are clustered outside of the spinal cord and are called ganglia • These axons enter the s ...
Slide 1
... If the size of the network exceeds certain threshold, a random activation of a few groups corresponding to a previously seen stimulus may activate other groups corresponding to the same stimulus so that the total number of activated groups is comparable to the number of activated groups that occurs ...
... If the size of the network exceeds certain threshold, a random activation of a few groups corresponding to a previously seen stimulus may activate other groups corresponding to the same stimulus so that the total number of activated groups is comparable to the number of activated groups that occurs ...
Slide 1
... FIGURE 47.2 Model of short-term heterosynaptic facilitation of the sensorimotor connection that contributes to short-term sensitization in Aplysia. (A1) Sensitizing stimuli activate facilitatory interneurons (IN) that release modulatory transmitters, one of which is 5-HT. The modulator leads to an ...
... FIGURE 47.2 Model of short-term heterosynaptic facilitation of the sensorimotor connection that contributes to short-term sensitization in Aplysia. (A1) Sensitizing stimuli activate facilitatory interneurons (IN) that release modulatory transmitters, one of which is 5-HT. The modulator leads to an ...
Crayfish Lab - c214science
... CORD runs along the body connecting to multiple GANGLIA along body that control the appendages and muscles in the abdomen and thorax. Crayfish have COMPOUND EYES set on short stalks. Each eye has over 2000 light-sensitive units each with its own lens. The ANTENNAE and ANTENNULES are sensitive to TAS ...
... CORD runs along the body connecting to multiple GANGLIA along body that control the appendages and muscles in the abdomen and thorax. Crayfish have COMPOUND EYES set on short stalks. Each eye has over 2000 light-sensitive units each with its own lens. The ANTENNAE and ANTENNULES are sensitive to TAS ...
HO#3 - Teachers TryScience
... CORD runs along the body connecting to multiple GANGLIA along body that control the appendages and muscles in the abdomen and thorax. Crayfish have COMPOUND EYES set on short stalks. Each eye has over 2000 light-sensitive units each with its own lens. The ANTENNAE and ANTENNULES are sensitive to TAS ...
... CORD runs along the body connecting to multiple GANGLIA along body that control the appendages and muscles in the abdomen and thorax. Crayfish have COMPOUND EYES set on short stalks. Each eye has over 2000 light-sensitive units each with its own lens. The ANTENNAE and ANTENNULES are sensitive to TAS ...
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM The endocrine glands release hormones
... regulate water and ion concentration. (Note: These are named for the person who discovered them, not because they appear green in color). Because crayfish live in freshwater (a HYPOTONIC environment), water is constantly entering the tissues. The green glands collect ammonia and excess water and exc ...
... regulate water and ion concentration. (Note: These are named for the person who discovered them, not because they appear green in color). Because crayfish live in freshwater (a HYPOTONIC environment), water is constantly entering the tissues. The green glands collect ammonia and excess water and exc ...
Migraine Visual Aura
... The pain of migraine headache is thought to have a neurogenic basis. Migraine involves dysfunction of brain-stem pathways that normally modulate sensory input. The key pathways for the pain are the trigeminovascular input from the meningeal vessels, which passes through the trigeminal ganglion and s ...
... The pain of migraine headache is thought to have a neurogenic basis. Migraine involves dysfunction of brain-stem pathways that normally modulate sensory input. The key pathways for the pain are the trigeminovascular input from the meningeal vessels, which passes through the trigeminal ganglion and s ...
Review
... Know the steps to transmission of an impulse from one neuron to another at a chemical synapse. What is the synaptic delay? What are the 3 main types of neurotransmitters? What are the 3 types of chemical synapses? How do they differ? What is the advantage of Excitatory Adrenergic Synapses? How is a ...
... Know the steps to transmission of an impulse from one neuron to another at a chemical synapse. What is the synaptic delay? What are the 3 main types of neurotransmitters? What are the 3 types of chemical synapses? How do they differ? What is the advantage of Excitatory Adrenergic Synapses? How is a ...
Caridoid escape reaction
The caridoid escape reaction, also known as lobstering or tail-flipping, refers to an innate escape mechanism in marine and freshwater crustaceans such as lobsters, krill, shrimp and crayfish.The reaction, most extensively researched in crayfish, allows crustaceans to escape predators through rapid abdominal flexions that produce powerful swimming strokes — thrusting the crustacean backwards through the water and away from danger. The type of response depends on the part of the crustacean stimulated, but this behavior is complex and is regulated both spatially and temporally through the interactions of several neurons.