Other Planetary Systems The New Science of Distant Worlds 13.1
... certain class of objects and these kinds of objects therefore tend to be "selected". In the case of extrasolar planet detection, the indirect methods of detection rely on the gravity of the planet (Doppler and astrometric methods) or its size (transit method) and therefore massive, large planets ten ...
... certain class of objects and these kinds of objects therefore tend to be "selected". In the case of extrasolar planet detection, the indirect methods of detection rely on the gravity of the planet (Doppler and astrometric methods) or its size (transit method) and therefore massive, large planets ten ...
Chapter 13 Power Point Lecture
... • Planets are close to their stars, relative to the distance from us to the star. – This is like being in San Francisco and trying to see a pinhead 15 meters from a grapefruit in Washington, D.C. ...
... • Planets are close to their stars, relative to the distance from us to the star. – This is like being in San Francisco and trying to see a pinhead 15 meters from a grapefruit in Washington, D.C. ...
PDF format
... • Planets are close to their stars, relative to the distance from us to the star. – This is like being in San Francisco and trying to see a pinhead 15 meters from a grapefruit in Washington, D.C. ...
... • Planets are close to their stars, relative to the distance from us to the star. – This is like being in San Francisco and trying to see a pinhead 15 meters from a grapefruit in Washington, D.C. ...
Chap4-Timing
... Fate of planetary systems during the red giant phase. All planets within the final extent of the red giant envelope will be engulfed and migrate inwards. Planets further out will have greater chance of survival, migrating outwards as mass is lost from central star. In mass is loss instantane ...
... Fate of planetary systems during the red giant phase. All planets within the final extent of the red giant envelope will be engulfed and migrate inwards. Planets further out will have greater chance of survival, migrating outwards as mass is lost from central star. In mass is loss instantane ...
Circumstellar habitable zone
In astronomy and astrobiology, the circumstellar habitable zone (CHZ), or simply the habitable zone, is the region around a star within which planetary-mass objects with sufficient atmospheric pressure can support liquid water at their surfaces. The bounds of the CHZ are calculated using the known requirements of Earth's biosphere, its position in the Solar System and the amount of radiant energy it receives from the Sun. Due to the importance of liquid water to life as it exists on Earth, the nature of the CHZ and the objects within is believed to be instrumental in determining the scope and distribution of Earth-like extraterrestrial life and intelligence.The habitable zone is also called the Goldilocks zone, a metaphor of the children's fairy tale of Goldilocks and the Three Bears, in which a little girl chooses from sets of three items, ignoring the ones that are too extreme (large or small, hot or cold, etc.), and settling on the one in the middle, which is ""just right"".Since the concept was first presented in 1953, stars have been confirmed to possess a CHZ planet, including some systems that consist of multiple CHZ planets. Most such planets, being super-Earths or gas giants, are more massive than Earth, because such planets are easier to detect. On November 4, 2013, astronomers reported, based on Kepler data, that there could be as many as 40 billion Earth-sized planets orbiting in the habitable zones of Sun-like stars and red dwarfs in the Milky Way. 11 billion of these may be orbiting Sun-like stars. The nearest such planet may be 12 light-years away, according to the scientists. The CHZ is also of particular interest to the emerging field of habitability of natural satellites, because planetary-mass moons in the CHZ might outnumber planets.In subsequent decades, the CHZ concept began to be challenged as a primary criterion for life. Since the discovery of evidence for extraterrestrial liquid water, substantial quantities of it are now believed to occur outside the circumstellar habitable zone. Sustained by other energy sources, such as tidal heating or radioactive decay or pressurized by other non-atmospheric means, the basic conditions for water-dependent life may be found even in interstellar space, on rogue planets, or their moons. In addition, other circumstellar zones, where non-water solvents favorable to hypothetical life based on alternative biochemistries could exist in liquid form at the surface, have been proposed.