Superstars of Astronomy: Debra Fischer transcript
... when I was in college. It was sort of unsettling. I remember feeling how insignificant it seemed that the Earth was in the context of the entire, well, galaxy and then the entire universe beyond that. So the scope of things was almost dizzying and, as I said, unsettling to me. Then I remember the se ...
... when I was in college. It was sort of unsettling. I remember feeling how insignificant it seemed that the Earth was in the context of the entire, well, galaxy and then the entire universe beyond that. So the scope of things was almost dizzying and, as I said, unsettling to me. Then I remember the se ...
Insights into Bode`s Law
... consequence of both their initial formation spacing, and billions of years of gravitational perturbations, but Bode's Law is not a law which can be generalized to describe these other systems. This means that you are more or less free to hypothesize just about any spacings for planets which does not ...
... consequence of both their initial formation spacing, and billions of years of gravitational perturbations, but Bode's Law is not a law which can be generalized to describe these other systems. This means that you are more or less free to hypothesize just about any spacings for planets which does not ...
Uranus
... o Spacecraft voyager2 has visited Uranus to collect information about the planet. o Uranus was the first planet discovered by scientists. o Uranus was discovered accidentally because William Herschel was looking at the stars with his telescope when he spotted Uranus. ...
... o Spacecraft voyager2 has visited Uranus to collect information about the planet. o Uranus was the first planet discovered by scientists. o Uranus was discovered accidentally because William Herschel was looking at the stars with his telescope when he spotted Uranus. ...
Extrasolar Planet Studies:The Italian Contribution
... • Direct detection is efficient: – For young giant planets if contrast is ~106-107 – For rocky planets in the habitable zone and old giant planets near the snow line if contrast is ~109 ...
... • Direct detection is efficient: – For young giant planets if contrast is ~106-107 – For rocky planets in the habitable zone and old giant planets near the snow line if contrast is ~109 ...
Life Beyond Earth Exhibition
... text/graphics shows the planets of our solar system in motion as they orbit the sun. As part of this exhibit, special tactile components – touchable microbes, planet surfaces, and Milky Way galaxy (including the position of our solar system within the galaxy) -- provide accessibility to visitors wit ...
... text/graphics shows the planets of our solar system in motion as they orbit the sun. As part of this exhibit, special tactile components – touchable microbes, planet surfaces, and Milky Way galaxy (including the position of our solar system within the galaxy) -- provide accessibility to visitors wit ...
Kepler Mission
... partly caused by its closeness to Kepler 2 which has a photospheric temperature of 6350 Kelvin, a temperature greater than our own Sun. Kepler 2 is larger than the Sun (1.991 solar radii) and more massive (1.52 solar masses) too.3 After these first two observations of stellar systems within our Milk ...
... partly caused by its closeness to Kepler 2 which has a photospheric temperature of 6350 Kelvin, a temperature greater than our own Sun. Kepler 2 is larger than the Sun (1.991 solar radii) and more massive (1.52 solar masses) too.3 After these first two observations of stellar systems within our Milk ...
CHEOPS Science Requirements Document
... far from the Sun. This has been explained by the fact that, in order to grow large fast enough, these bodies require ices in condensed form, which are only available in cold and hence distant regions of the protoplanetary disc. Contrariwise, most detected giant exoplanets are located in regions much ...
... far from the Sun. This has been explained by the fact that, in order to grow large fast enough, these bodies require ices in condensed form, which are only available in cold and hence distant regions of the protoplanetary disc. Contrariwise, most detected giant exoplanets are located in regions much ...
Planet formation
... Kuiper Belt: At 30 - 55 AU, Kuiper Belt objects including the dwarf planets are found on orbits ranging from almost circular to highly eccentric. Beyond the Kuiper Belt, the scattered disc can reach -- like the Oort cloud -- orbital distances of several 100 AU from the Sun. Kuiper Belt objects might ...
... Kuiper Belt: At 30 - 55 AU, Kuiper Belt objects including the dwarf planets are found on orbits ranging from almost circular to highly eccentric. Beyond the Kuiper Belt, the scattered disc can reach -- like the Oort cloud -- orbital distances of several 100 AU from the Sun. Kuiper Belt objects might ...
Abiotic formation of O2 and O3 in high
... such an atmosphere is similar in principle to our high-CO2 cases. Our photochemical model contained 73 chemical species involved in 359 reactions and spanned the region from the planetary surface up to 64 km in 1-km steps. The solar zenith angle was fixed at 50◦ , and a two-stream approach was used ...
... such an atmosphere is similar in principle to our high-CO2 cases. Our photochemical model contained 73 chemical species involved in 359 reactions and spanned the region from the planetary surface up to 64 km in 1-km steps. The solar zenith angle was fixed at 50◦ , and a two-stream approach was used ...
Advances in exoplanet science from Kepler (Lissauer et al. 2014)
... planets18, with most hot giant planets having low albedo. Planets in multiple systems perturb one another through their mutual gravity, causing their orbits to deviate from strict periodicity. These deviations lead to transit timing variations (TTVs) that, in favourable cases, can be used to measure ...
... planets18, with most hot giant planets having low albedo. Planets in multiple systems perturb one another through their mutual gravity, causing their orbits to deviate from strict periodicity. These deviations lead to transit timing variations (TTVs) that, in favourable cases, can be used to measure ...
exemplars and commentary
... Barnard’s star. An ancient Red Dwarf. Barnard's Star is a very low-mass red dwarf star about six light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Ophiuchus. Barnard's Star is the fourth-closest known individual star to the Sun, after the three components of the Alpha Centauri system. Despite its ...
... Barnard’s star. An ancient Red Dwarf. Barnard's Star is a very low-mass red dwarf star about six light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Ophiuchus. Barnard's Star is the fourth-closest known individual star to the Sun, after the three components of the Alpha Centauri system. Despite its ...
Circumstellar habitable zone
In astronomy and astrobiology, the circumstellar habitable zone (CHZ), or simply the habitable zone, is the region around a star within which planetary-mass objects with sufficient atmospheric pressure can support liquid water at their surfaces. The bounds of the CHZ are calculated using the known requirements of Earth's biosphere, its position in the Solar System and the amount of radiant energy it receives from the Sun. Due to the importance of liquid water to life as it exists on Earth, the nature of the CHZ and the objects within is believed to be instrumental in determining the scope and distribution of Earth-like extraterrestrial life and intelligence.The habitable zone is also called the Goldilocks zone, a metaphor of the children's fairy tale of Goldilocks and the Three Bears, in which a little girl chooses from sets of three items, ignoring the ones that are too extreme (large or small, hot or cold, etc.), and settling on the one in the middle, which is ""just right"".Since the concept was first presented in 1953, stars have been confirmed to possess a CHZ planet, including some systems that consist of multiple CHZ planets. Most such planets, being super-Earths or gas giants, are more massive than Earth, because such planets are easier to detect. On November 4, 2013, astronomers reported, based on Kepler data, that there could be as many as 40 billion Earth-sized planets orbiting in the habitable zones of Sun-like stars and red dwarfs in the Milky Way. 11 billion of these may be orbiting Sun-like stars. The nearest such planet may be 12 light-years away, according to the scientists. The CHZ is also of particular interest to the emerging field of habitability of natural satellites, because planetary-mass moons in the CHZ might outnumber planets.In subsequent decades, the CHZ concept began to be challenged as a primary criterion for life. Since the discovery of evidence for extraterrestrial liquid water, substantial quantities of it are now believed to occur outside the circumstellar habitable zone. Sustained by other energy sources, such as tidal heating or radioactive decay or pressurized by other non-atmospheric means, the basic conditions for water-dependent life may be found even in interstellar space, on rogue planets, or their moons. In addition, other circumstellar zones, where non-water solvents favorable to hypothetical life based on alternative biochemistries could exist in liquid form at the surface, have been proposed.