THE ELECTRODE-TISSUE INTERFACE DURING RECORDING
... Figure 4.5. Model parameters after electrode implantation.............................................. 84 Figure 4.6. Effect of clinically-relevant stimulation on DBS electrode impedance. ........ 87 ...
... Figure 4.5. Model parameters after electrode implantation.............................................. 84 Figure 4.6. Effect of clinically-relevant stimulation on DBS electrode impedance. ........ 87 ...
An Optogenetic Approach to Understanding the Neural Circuits of Fear
... known to be activated during specific time periods of fear conditioning (example, CS or US periods), but in most cases, their temporally limited, functional role in behavior and neural processing is unknown. In addition, within specific areas of the fear circuit, there are neuronal subpopulations (s ...
... known to be activated during specific time periods of fear conditioning (example, CS or US periods), but in most cases, their temporally limited, functional role in behavior and neural processing is unknown. In addition, within specific areas of the fear circuit, there are neuronal subpopulations (s ...
Evidence for parasympathetic innervation of white adipose tissue
... would have strengthened the point in the Giordano et al. (4) study that they are able to demonstrate parasympathetic markers. For their second point, the use of 6OHDA for chemical sympathectomy reduces significantly the transport of PRV by parasympathetic nerves (13). In addition, Giordano et al. (4 ...
... would have strengthened the point in the Giordano et al. (4) study that they are able to demonstrate parasympathetic markers. For their second point, the use of 6OHDA for chemical sympathectomy reduces significantly the transport of PRV by parasympathetic nerves (13). In addition, Giordano et al. (4 ...
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... using two-component optogenetics. Extracellular proton-gated ion channels, known as acid sensing ion channels (ASICs), are widely expressed in the peripheral and central nervous system. We hypothesized that activation of ASICs requires the formation of local pockets or “microdomains” of decreased pH ...
... using two-component optogenetics. Extracellular proton-gated ion channels, known as acid sensing ion channels (ASICs), are widely expressed in the peripheral and central nervous system. We hypothesized that activation of ASICs requires the formation of local pockets or “microdomains” of decreased pH ...
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... mechanism while supervision signals are incorporated. Experimental examples that demonstrate the effects of the discussed principles are presented in Section V. Section VI ...
... mechanism while supervision signals are incorporated. Experimental examples that demonstrate the effects of the discussed principles are presented in Section V. Section VI ...
Neurons with Two Sites of Synaptic Integration Learn Invariant
... Kay, & Smyth, 1995, cf. Becker, 1996). Principle 3 has been used by de Sa and Ballard (1998), but also is often considered a special case of principle 2, for example, auditory, visual, and somatosensory systems all allow a spatial localization. Still, this principle is more general and could enhance ...
... Kay, & Smyth, 1995, cf. Becker, 1996). Principle 3 has been used by de Sa and Ballard (1998), but also is often considered a special case of principle 2, for example, auditory, visual, and somatosensory systems all allow a spatial localization. Still, this principle is more general and could enhance ...
Restraining influence of A2 neurons in chronic control of arterial
... of cells transfected with pTYF-PRS-Kir-IRES-eGFP was significantly more negative (i.e. − 64.7 ± − 1.2 mV; n = 16 cells, p b 0.01). These data demonstrate that expression of hKir2.1 can hyperpolarize membrane potential by approximately 9 mV (Fig. 1F), which is consistent with previous studies where h ...
... of cells transfected with pTYF-PRS-Kir-IRES-eGFP was significantly more negative (i.e. − 64.7 ± − 1.2 mV; n = 16 cells, p b 0.01). These data demonstrate that expression of hKir2.1 can hyperpolarize membrane potential by approximately 9 mV (Fig. 1F), which is consistent with previous studies where h ...
Monkey and humans exhibit similar motion
... that the underlying motion-sensitive neurons targeted by our adapter stimulus respond differentially to a range of low dot densities, and that their responses saturate at or around 10 dots per deg2. This is consistent with the macaque data (Snowden et al. 1991, 1992), in which an initial rapid incre ...
... that the underlying motion-sensitive neurons targeted by our adapter stimulus respond differentially to a range of low dot densities, and that their responses saturate at or around 10 dots per deg2. This is consistent with the macaque data (Snowden et al. 1991, 1992), in which an initial rapid incre ...
The hippocampo-cortical loop: Spatio
... goal, however, revealed that it peaked just before the end of the 2 s delay. Since the rat is immobile at that time, no motor commands or changes in its location can account for such a transitory firing peak. This firing pattern suggests instead that excess firing at the goal is linked with reward e ...
... goal, however, revealed that it peaked just before the end of the 2 s delay. Since the rat is immobile at that time, no motor commands or changes in its location can account for such a transitory firing peak. This firing pattern suggests instead that excess firing at the goal is linked with reward e ...
Remapping of Border Ownership in the Visual Cortex
... We see objects as having continuity although the retinal image changes frequently. How such continuity is achieved is hard to understand, because neurons in the visual cortex have small receptive fields that are fixed on the retina, which means that a different set of neurons is activated every time ...
... We see objects as having continuity although the retinal image changes frequently. How such continuity is achieved is hard to understand, because neurons in the visual cortex have small receptive fields that are fixed on the retina, which means that a different set of neurons is activated every time ...
A Neuronal Is Required Stimulation Cell Surface
... trunks, Schwann cells proliferate along the axons which they will later ensheath and, in the case of larger axons, myelinate. This early proliferative response can be mimicked in vitro using cultures containing pure populations of embryonic rat dorsal root ganglion neurons and Schwann cells (Wood, 1 ...
... trunks, Schwann cells proliferate along the axons which they will later ensheath and, in the case of larger axons, myelinate. This early proliferative response can be mimicked in vitro using cultures containing pure populations of embryonic rat dorsal root ganglion neurons and Schwann cells (Wood, 1 ...
The Autonomic Nervous System
... • 1. Sympathetic stimulation of an organ ALWAYS opposes the effects of parasympathetic stimulation. • 2. Which autonomic division is dominant in an emergency situation? • 3. Which autonomic division is dominant in normal body functions such as digestion? • 4. The parasympathetic division of the auto ...
... • 1. Sympathetic stimulation of an organ ALWAYS opposes the effects of parasympathetic stimulation. • 2. Which autonomic division is dominant in an emergency situation? • 3. Which autonomic division is dominant in normal body functions such as digestion? • 4. The parasympathetic division of the auto ...
Electron microscopical reconstruction of the anterior sensory
... the socket cell forms a tight junction to another specialized non-neuronal cell, the sheath cell. The sheath cell is goblet-shaped and surrounds the nerve channel. The neurons penetrate through the base of the sheath cell to reach the inside of the channel with tight junctions sealing the channel fr ...
... the socket cell forms a tight junction to another specialized non-neuronal cell, the sheath cell. The sheath cell is goblet-shaped and surrounds the nerve channel. The neurons penetrate through the base of the sheath cell to reach the inside of the channel with tight junctions sealing the channel fr ...
Primate Globus Pallidus and Subthalamic Nucleus: Functional
... movements monitored in the task and not to associated movements of other body parts, the activity of each task-related cell was also studied and characterized outside the behavioral paradigm. Specifically, the discharge of each cell was observed during spontaneous and induced active movements and du ...
... movements monitored in the task and not to associated movements of other body parts, the activity of each task-related cell was also studied and characterized outside the behavioral paradigm. Specifically, the discharge of each cell was observed during spontaneous and induced active movements and du ...
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... of the growth cones directly to its target area and the elimination of the others (Kuwada, 1982; Kuwada & Kramer, 1983). Consistent with this hypothesis are the two main findings of this investigation. 1) The primary growth cone of the PD neuron is the first growth cone to traverse the DP pathway an ...
... of the growth cones directly to its target area and the elimination of the others (Kuwada, 1982; Kuwada & Kramer, 1983). Consistent with this hypothesis are the two main findings of this investigation. 1) The primary growth cone of the PD neuron is the first growth cone to traverse the DP pathway an ...
Somatosensory Cortical Activity in Relation to Arm Posture
... 1. Single unitary activity in primate somatosensory cortex (SI) was recorded while monkeys maintained a range of static arm postures. Unit discharge was related to parameters defining the posture of the arm by multiple linear regression techniques. 2. Two monkeys were trained to grasp a manipulandum ...
... 1. Single unitary activity in primate somatosensory cortex (SI) was recorded while monkeys maintained a range of static arm postures. Unit discharge was related to parameters defining the posture of the arm by multiple linear regression techniques. 2. Two monkeys were trained to grasp a manipulandum ...
Stem cell factor induces outgrowth of c-kit-positive
... resulted from the survival of DRG neurons induced by rmSCF. Since quantitation of neuronal survival is difficult in organ cultures of DRGs, those from 15.5-day p.c. embryos were dissociated into single cells by trypsinization. These were cultured and the number of surviving neurons was counted. When ...
... resulted from the survival of DRG neurons induced by rmSCF. Since quantitation of neuronal survival is difficult in organ cultures of DRGs, those from 15.5-day p.c. embryos were dissociated into single cells by trypsinization. These were cultured and the number of surviving neurons was counted. When ...
Expression of Cux-1 and Cux-2 in the Subventricular Zone and
... secondary progenitors of the SVZ, which do not contact the ventricle (Boulder Committee, 1970). Traditionally, it has been thought that all neurons are born in the VZ, with the SVZ being a source of glial cells (Bayer and Altman, 1991; Noctor et al., 2001; Malatesta et al., 2003). However, this view ...
... secondary progenitors of the SVZ, which do not contact the ventricle (Boulder Committee, 1970). Traditionally, it has been thought that all neurons are born in the VZ, with the SVZ being a source of glial cells (Bayer and Altman, 1991; Noctor et al., 2001; Malatesta et al., 2003). However, this view ...
Small Networks
... • “Noise…poses a fundamental problem for information processing and affects all aspects of nervous-system function.” (Faisal et al, 2008) • In the context of the “neural code”… – For rate code: “variations in inter-spike intervals might be considered unwanted noise.” – For temporal code: “variabilit ...
... • “Noise…poses a fundamental problem for information processing and affects all aspects of nervous-system function.” (Faisal et al, 2008) • In the context of the “neural code”… – For rate code: “variations in inter-spike intervals might be considered unwanted noise.” – For temporal code: “variabilit ...
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... natural pattern of activity in AN fibers can be achieved using high-rate pulsatile stimulation of the AN (up to 4000–5000 pps) (Wilson et al. 1991, 1997; Box et al. 1996; Rubinstein et al. 1999; Litvak et al. 2001). Another limitation of the above-mentioned studies is that the CN unit activity was ...
... natural pattern of activity in AN fibers can be achieved using high-rate pulsatile stimulation of the AN (up to 4000–5000 pps) (Wilson et al. 1991, 1997; Box et al. 1996; Rubinstein et al. 1999; Litvak et al. 2001). Another limitation of the above-mentioned studies is that the CN unit activity was ...
Nervous System Chapter 8 ppt copy
... spinal cord called central nervous spinal nerves. system to your Spinal nerves are skeletal muscles. made up of bundles The autonomic of sensory and the system controls Research Visit motor neurons involuntary actionsGlencoe Science bound together those not under by Web site at connective tissue. co ...
... spinal cord called central nervous spinal nerves. system to your Spinal nerves are skeletal muscles. made up of bundles The autonomic of sensory and the system controls Research Visit motor neurons involuntary actionsGlencoe Science bound together those not under by Web site at connective tissue. co ...