Vortex Generation by Topography in Locally Unstable Baroclinic
... The dynamics of a quasigeostrophic flow confined in a two-layer channel over variable topography on the beta plane is numerically investigated. The topography slopes uniformly upward in the north–south direction (in the beta sense) and is a smooth function of the zonal coordinate. The bottom slope c ...
... The dynamics of a quasigeostrophic flow confined in a two-layer channel over variable topography on the beta plane is numerically investigated. The topography slopes uniformly upward in the north–south direction (in the beta sense) and is a smooth function of the zonal coordinate. The bottom slope c ...
Microplastics in the ocean
... at a regional or global scale. Microplastics are distributed throughout the ocean, occurring on shorelines, in surface waters and seabed sediments, from the Arctic to Antarctic. They may accumulate at remote locations such as mid-ocean gyres, as well as close to population centres, shipping routes a ...
... at a regional or global scale. Microplastics are distributed throughout the ocean, occurring on shorelines, in surface waters and seabed sediments, from the Arctic to Antarctic. They may accumulate at remote locations such as mid-ocean gyres, as well as close to population centres, shipping routes a ...
The World in Wax - Bodenschatz group
... appear on the ocean floor. The researcher has since discovered an array of additional phenomena that Oldenburg and Brune hadn’t previously noticed. Bodenschatz knows that his experiment can’t be translated to the lithosphere one to one. Due to the enormous mass, the forces in the Earth’s crust are n ...
... appear on the ocean floor. The researcher has since discovered an array of additional phenomena that Oldenburg and Brune hadn’t previously noticed. Bodenschatz knows that his experiment can’t be translated to the lithosphere one to one. Due to the enormous mass, the forces in the Earth’s crust are n ...
Chapter 11 - Mr. Goodenough
... Fault Formation There is a limit to how far a wooden craft stick can bend. This is called its elastic limit. Once its elastic limit is passed, the stick remains bent or breaks, as shown in Figure 1. Rocks behave in a similar way. Up to a point, applied forces cause rocks to bend and stretch, undergo ...
... Fault Formation There is a limit to how far a wooden craft stick can bend. This is called its elastic limit. Once its elastic limit is passed, the stick remains bent or breaks, as shown in Figure 1. Rocks behave in a similar way. Up to a point, applied forces cause rocks to bend and stretch, undergo ...
Ecosystem-Based Management in the Arctic Ocean: A Multi
... The North Pacific and North Atlantic oceans are connected with the Arctic Ocean via the Bering Sea and the Nordic seas. Atlantic water flows as an intermediate layer between depths of about 200 and 1000 m, overlain by the lighter (less salty) Pacific waters in the Canadian Basin. Most of the Pacific ...
... The North Pacific and North Atlantic oceans are connected with the Arctic Ocean via the Bering Sea and the Nordic seas. Atlantic water flows as an intermediate layer between depths of about 200 and 1000 m, overlain by the lighter (less salty) Pacific waters in the Canadian Basin. Most of the Pacific ...
Oceanic nickel depletion and a methanogen famine before the Great
... element sequestration by HFO results from a continuum of adsorption and co-precipitation reactions, lumped-process distribution coefficient models can be used to relate the concentration of an element in the precipitate to the dissolved concentration present at the time of precipitation. In fact, th ...
... element sequestration by HFO results from a continuum of adsorption and co-precipitation reactions, lumped-process distribution coefficient models can be used to relate the concentration of an element in the precipitate to the dissolved concentration present at the time of precipitation. In fact, th ...
Autonomous adaptive environmental assessment and feature tracking via autonomous underwater vehicles
... not had the ability to react to environmental variations in realtime. Many AUVs are used for environmental monitoring, but the data is not processed on board the vehicle. Most data processing occurs post-mission on powerful, speedy computers in a lab, whereas processing on board AUVs must take a muc ...
... not had the ability to react to environmental variations in realtime. Many AUVs are used for environmental monitoring, but the data is not processed on board the vehicle. Most data processing occurs post-mission on powerful, speedy computers in a lab, whereas processing on board AUVs must take a muc ...
22.4 Plate Tectonics
... There are about a dozen major tectonic plates. Most major plates contain both continental and oceanic crust. The edges of plates meet at plate boundaries. As the plates move apart, collide, or slide past each other, they cause changes in Earth’s surface. ...
... There are about a dozen major tectonic plates. Most major plates contain both continental and oceanic crust. The edges of plates meet at plate boundaries. As the plates move apart, collide, or slide past each other, they cause changes in Earth’s surface. ...
Terrestrial aftermath of the Moon
... atmosphere therefore traps the energy (solar, tidal or internal), and the surface heats up. As water is a strong radiation absorber, increasing the energy input into a water atmosphere leads to a powerful positive feedback loop until all water from the surface is vaporized. Changes in the atmospheri ...
... atmosphere therefore traps the energy (solar, tidal or internal), and the surface heats up. As water is a strong radiation absorber, increasing the energy input into a water atmosphere leads to a powerful positive feedback loop until all water from the surface is vaporized. Changes in the atmospheri ...
The Race Is On with Seafloor Spreading!
... 6. The average spreading rates are greater for the Pacific-Nazca plates than the Cocos-Nazca plates. This area represents an area of fast seafloor spreading. 7. Subduction is occurring along the Mexico-Central American coasts. 8. Spreading rates are not uniform along a ridge axis. The constant mo ...
... 6. The average spreading rates are greater for the Pacific-Nazca plates than the Cocos-Nazca plates. This area represents an area of fast seafloor spreading. 7. Subduction is occurring along the Mexico-Central American coasts. 8. Spreading rates are not uniform along a ridge axis. The constant mo ...
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE II
... the boundary conditions imposed on the top and bottom boundaries: top is kept isothermal (temperature is a constant but there can be heat flux); bottom is thermally insulated which does not allow for temperature gradients to develop (there cannot be loss or gain of heat there, the flux is zero). In ...
... the boundary conditions imposed on the top and bottom boundaries: top is kept isothermal (temperature is a constant but there can be heat flux); bottom is thermally insulated which does not allow for temperature gradients to develop (there cannot be loss or gain of heat there, the flux is zero). In ...
Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO: annual
... In the midst of ongoing innovative research initiatives, observing systems and services in such areas as coastal hazard alerts and information exchange, 2010 found IOC celebrating its 50th year of existence. As outlined elsewhere in this report, many member states went above and beyond to help the C ...
... In the midst of ongoing innovative research initiatives, observing systems and services in such areas as coastal hazard alerts and information exchange, 2010 found IOC celebrating its 50th year of existence. As outlined elsewhere in this report, many member states went above and beyond to help the C ...
Earthquakes
... Secondary and Surface Waves Secondary waves (S-waves) move through Earth by causing particles in rocks to move at right angles to the direction of wave travel. The wave traveling through the rope shown in Figure 6 is an example of a secondary wave. Surface waves cause most of the destruction resulti ...
... Secondary and Surface Waves Secondary waves (S-waves) move through Earth by causing particles in rocks to move at right angles to the direction of wave travel. The wave traveling through the rope shown in Figure 6 is an example of a secondary wave. Surface waves cause most of the destruction resulti ...
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... Ocean Business is unique! Not only can visitors meet face to face with exhibitors from around the world, but they also have the rare opportunity to attend over 180 hours of training and demonstration sessions and see the latest products and services in action – all FREE of charge. ...
... Ocean Business is unique! Not only can visitors meet face to face with exhibitors from around the world, but they also have the rare opportunity to attend over 180 hours of training and demonstration sessions and see the latest products and services in action – all FREE of charge. ...
CCAMLR - Antarctic and Southern Ocean Coalition
... In October 2011, the AOA proposed the creation of a network of MPAs and no-take marine reserves in 19 specific areas in the Southern Ocean around Antarctica. The Report “Antarctic Ocean Legacy: A Vision for Circumpolar Protection” published by the Alliance on 21 May 2012 seeks to more fully elaborat ...
... In October 2011, the AOA proposed the creation of a network of MPAs and no-take marine reserves in 19 specific areas in the Southern Ocean around Antarctica. The Report “Antarctic Ocean Legacy: A Vision for Circumpolar Protection” published by the Alliance on 21 May 2012 seeks to more fully elaborat ...
Foraminifera and Nannoplankton in Palaeoceanography
... planktonic foraminifera-based proxy records and the distribution of Coccolithus pelagicus. The influence of northern Atlantic ice-rafting episodes is evidenced by a polar to subpolar fauna and cold SST. In between the cold spells the influence of a warm surface water mass, probably similar to the mo ...
... planktonic foraminifera-based proxy records and the distribution of Coccolithus pelagicus. The influence of northern Atlantic ice-rafting episodes is evidenced by a polar to subpolar fauna and cold SST. In between the cold spells the influence of a warm surface water mass, probably similar to the mo ...
A global climatology of the diurnal variations in sea
... effects such as the cool skin are important, whereas buoys and ships measure water tem- ...
... effects such as the cool skin are important, whereas buoys and ships measure water tem- ...
Ocean acidification due to increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide Policy document 12/05 June 2005
... with the atmosphere. Over the past 200 years, since preindustrial times, the oceans have absorbed about a half of the CO2 emissions produced from burning fossil fuels and cement manufacture. This demonstrates the integral role that oceans play within the natural processes of cycling carbon on a glob ...
... with the atmosphere. Over the past 200 years, since preindustrial times, the oceans have absorbed about a half of the CO2 emissions produced from burning fossil fuels and cement manufacture. This demonstrates the integral role that oceans play within the natural processes of cycling carbon on a glob ...
1994 arctic ocean section - CCHDO - University of California San
... would allow the analysis and modeling of the biological, chemical and physical systems related to the Arctic and their impact on global change, and the controlling processes in these systems. Cooperation was necessary to bring the scientific, operational and funding mechanisms together. Over five ye ...
... would allow the analysis and modeling of the biological, chemical and physical systems related to the Arctic and their impact on global change, and the controlling processes in these systems. Cooperation was necessary to bring the scientific, operational and funding mechanisms together. Over five ye ...
Ocean acidification due to increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide
... with the atmosphere. Over the past 200 years, since preindustrial times, the oceans have absorbed about a half of the CO2 emissions produced from burning fossil fuels and cement manufacture. This demonstrates the integral role that oceans play within the natural processes of cycling carbon on a glob ...
... with the atmosphere. Over the past 200 years, since preindustrial times, the oceans have absorbed about a half of the CO2 emissions produced from burning fossil fuels and cement manufacture. This demonstrates the integral role that oceans play within the natural processes of cycling carbon on a glob ...
Plate Tectonics: Evolution of the Ocean Floor
... The movements of the lithospheric plates are thought to be driven by heat energy transferred through the mantle by convection (CC3). The mantle has areas where its constituent material is upwelled and downwelled. As discussed later in this chapter, the convection processes in the mantle are complex, ...
... The movements of the lithospheric plates are thought to be driven by heat energy transferred through the mantle by convection (CC3). The mantle has areas where its constituent material is upwelled and downwelled. As discussed later in this chapter, the convection processes in the mantle are complex, ...
A VISION FOR CIRCUMPOLAR PROTECTION
... more acidic. Over only the last 200 years, the oceans have become 30% more acidic and if these trends continue, calcifying organisms will suffer deleterious effects25. The increased acidity can dissolve their shells and skeletons, while the influx of CO2 decreases the availability of carbonate ions. ...
... more acidic. Over only the last 200 years, the oceans have become 30% more acidic and if these trends continue, calcifying organisms will suffer deleterious effects25. The increased acidity can dissolve their shells and skeletons, while the influx of CO2 decreases the availability of carbonate ions. ...
Antarctic Ocean Legacy: A Vision for Circumpolar
... more acidic. Over only the last 200 years, the oceans have become 30% more acidic and if these trends continue, calcifying organisms will suffer deleterious effects25. The increased acidity can dissolve their shells and skeletons, while the influx of CO2 decreases the availability of carbonate ions. ...
... more acidic. Over only the last 200 years, the oceans have become 30% more acidic and if these trends continue, calcifying organisms will suffer deleterious effects25. The increased acidity can dissolve their shells and skeletons, while the influx of CO2 decreases the availability of carbonate ions. ...
Essentials of Oceanography, 11e (Trujillo) Chapter 1 Introduction to
... Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
... Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
Mass balance related to UHP metamorphism in subduction zones
... - largely immobile (done) - global deep mass balance ...
... - largely immobile (done) - global deep mass balance ...
Physical oceanography
Physical oceanography is the study of physical conditions and physical processes within the ocean, especially the motions and physical properties of ocean waters.Physical oceanography is one of several sub-domains into which oceanography is divided. Others include biological, chemical and geological oceanographies.