Evolutionary ecology during the rise of dioxygen in the Earth`s
... productivity of 0.06 Tmol yrK1 of carbon (1 TmolZ 1012 mol). This rate is small compared with the current photosynthetic productivity of approximately 104 Tmol yrK1 (e.g. Holser et al. 1988). In addition, it is small relative to the overall turnover rate of surface carbon on the modern Earth, i.e. t ...
... productivity of 0.06 Tmol yrK1 of carbon (1 TmolZ 1012 mol). This rate is small compared with the current photosynthetic productivity of approximately 104 Tmol yrK1 (e.g. Holser et al. 1988). In addition, it is small relative to the overall turnover rate of surface carbon on the modern Earth, i.e. t ...
Evolutionary ecology during the rise of dioxygen in the Earth`s
... productivity of 0.06 Tmol yrK1 of carbon (1 TmolZ 1012 mol). This rate is small compared with the current photosynthetic productivity of approximately 104 Tmol yrK1 (e.g. Holser et al. 1988). In addition, it is small relative to the overall turnover rate of surface carbon on the modern Earth, i.e. t ...
... productivity of 0.06 Tmol yrK1 of carbon (1 TmolZ 1012 mol). This rate is small compared with the current photosynthetic productivity of approximately 104 Tmol yrK1 (e.g. Holser et al. 1988). In addition, it is small relative to the overall turnover rate of surface carbon on the modern Earth, i.e. t ...
Earthquakes
... The stress force called tension pulls on the crust, stretching rock so that it becomes thinner in the middle. ...
... The stress force called tension pulls on the crust, stretching rock so that it becomes thinner in the middle. ...
Earthquakes
... topples utility poles, and fractures gas and water mains • Liquefaction – violent movements suddenly turn loose soil into liquid mud. ...
... topples utility poles, and fractures gas and water mains • Liquefaction – violent movements suddenly turn loose soil into liquid mud. ...
Seismic structures of the 154–160 Ma oceanic crust and uppermost... in the Northwest Pacific Basin
... (Received October 2, 2009; Revised February 21, 2010; Accepted February 25, 2010; Online published April 12, 2010) ...
... (Received October 2, 2009; Revised February 21, 2010; Accepted February 25, 2010; Online published April 12, 2010) ...
The future of the oceans past - Philosophical Transactions of the
... of clonal colonies. Data for all species combined (grey/far-right bar) were calculated as the percentage of all clonal colonies irrespective of species. Note that 0% clonality is shifted slightly to the right to give entirely aclonal values some thickness. Adapted from O’Dea & Jackson (2009). ...
... of clonal colonies. Data for all species combined (grey/far-right bar) were calculated as the percentage of all clonal colonies irrespective of species. Note that 0% clonality is shifted slightly to the right to give entirely aclonal values some thickness. Adapted from O’Dea & Jackson (2009). ...
Mission Moho Workshop: Drilling Through the Oceanic Crust to the
... Moho within the ocean basins becomes feasible. ...
... Moho within the ocean basins becomes feasible. ...
Earthquakes
... topples utility poles, and fractures gas and water mains • Liquefaction – violent movements suddenly turn loose soil into liquid mud. ...
... topples utility poles, and fractures gas and water mains • Liquefaction – violent movements suddenly turn loose soil into liquid mud. ...
Earthquakes
... topples utility poles, and fractures gas and water mains • Liquefaction – violent movements suddenly turn loose soil into liquid mud. ...
... topples utility poles, and fractures gas and water mains • Liquefaction – violent movements suddenly turn loose soil into liquid mud. ...
View PDF of All Searchable Data Sources - US Met
... Link: http://www.csc.noaa.gov/digitalcoast/ Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL) ESRL supports the deployment and operation of environmental observatories and observational networks to provide high-resolution datasets for analysis. These data provide a critical, long-term history of the Earth sys ...
... Link: http://www.csc.noaa.gov/digitalcoast/ Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL) ESRL supports the deployment and operation of environmental observatories and observational networks to provide high-resolution datasets for analysis. These data provide a critical, long-term history of the Earth sys ...
Impact of the Arctic Ocean Atlantic water layer on Siberian shelf
... the mid‐1990s and the mid‐2000s is consistent with outer shelf bottom temperature variability. For April–May 2008 we observed on‐shelf near‐bottom warm and saline water intrusions up to the 20 m isobath. These intrusions are typically about 0.2°C warmer and 1–1.5 practical salinity units saltier tha ...
... the mid‐1990s and the mid‐2000s is consistent with outer shelf bottom temperature variability. For April–May 2008 we observed on‐shelf near‐bottom warm and saline water intrusions up to the 20 m isobath. These intrusions are typically about 0.2°C warmer and 1–1.5 practical salinity units saltier tha ...
Speculations on the Consequences and Causes of Plate Motions*
... the problem of the conservation of surface area of a non-expanding earth. Nor did they discuss the motions of regions between ridges and trenches. Perhaps Wilson (1965) and Bullard, Everett & Smith (1965) were the first to realise the importance of rigidity of surface rocks in aseismic areas. Wilson ...
... the problem of the conservation of surface area of a non-expanding earth. Nor did they discuss the motions of regions between ridges and trenches. Perhaps Wilson (1965) and Bullard, Everett & Smith (1965) were the first to realise the importance of rigidity of surface rocks in aseismic areas. Wilson ...
Exploring the distance between nitrogen and
... the stoichiometry of the marine organisms, or whether biology is the cause of the “normal” 16 : 1 (molar) ratio between N and P in seawater (Redfield et al., 1963). The issue of surface ocean nutrient limitation is as acute as ever (Moore et al., 2013), since it has bearings on phenomena ranging fro ...
... the stoichiometry of the marine organisms, or whether biology is the cause of the “normal” 16 : 1 (molar) ratio between N and P in seawater (Redfield et al., 1963). The issue of surface ocean nutrient limitation is as acute as ever (Moore et al., 2013), since it has bearings on phenomena ranging fro ...
MTS Journal Part 2 - Ocean Innovations
... simple search for life has become over the years a search for answers to basic questions such as the number of species, their distribution ranges, and the composition of the fauna. The discovery of swarming snailfish at 7,700 m by University of Aberdeen’s (UK) Oceanlab so far presents the culmination ...
... simple search for life has become over the years a search for answers to basic questions such as the number of species, their distribution ranges, and the composition of the fauna. The discovery of swarming snailfish at 7,700 m by University of Aberdeen’s (UK) Oceanlab so far presents the culmination ...
Distribution of Surface Plastic Debris in the Eastern Pacific Ocean
... highest concentration. Physical Ocean Processes Influencing Surface Plastic Distribution. The spatial patterns observed in SEA’s 11-year data set support the strong dependence of plastic distribution on upper ocean circulation. The plastic accumulation zone is associated with the large-scale subtropi ...
... highest concentration. Physical Ocean Processes Influencing Surface Plastic Distribution. The spatial patterns observed in SEA’s 11-year data set support the strong dependence of plastic distribution on upper ocean circulation. The plastic accumulation zone is associated with the large-scale subtropi ...
Plate Tectonics Review with Answers Rich Text
... 13. Matching ____ on different continents are evidence for continental drift. a. river systems c. weather patterns b. rock structures d. wind systems ANS: B The Caledonian mountain range in northern Europe and the Appalachian Mountains in eastern North America are similar in age and structure. They ...
... 13. Matching ____ on different continents are evidence for continental drift. a. river systems c. weather patterns b. rock structures d. wind systems ANS: B The Caledonian mountain range in northern Europe and the Appalachian Mountains in eastern North America are similar in age and structure. They ...
Tides and tidal currents in the Pearl River Estuary
... overall complexity of these coastal environments. The interaction of river flow, tidal currents, and basin morphology produces the type of circulation and related salinity structure characteristic of a particular estuary that affects the species composition and distribution of flora and fauna. Tides a ...
... overall complexity of these coastal environments. The interaction of river flow, tidal currents, and basin morphology produces the type of circulation and related salinity structure characteristic of a particular estuary that affects the species composition and distribution of flora and fauna. Tides a ...
Glossary of Physical Oceanography and Related Disciplines
... Abbreviation for the Atlantic Climate Change Program, a NOAA research initiative for understanding the decadal-scale interactions of deep circulation in the Atlantic and how it influences the overlying atmosphere. The goals of ACCP are: • to determine the seasonal-to-decadal and multidecadal variabi ...
... Abbreviation for the Atlantic Climate Change Program, a NOAA research initiative for understanding the decadal-scale interactions of deep circulation in the Atlantic and how it influences the overlying atmosphere. The goals of ACCP are: • to determine the seasonal-to-decadal and multidecadal variabi ...
Geophysical and Geochemical Constraints at Converging Plate
... reproduce one or more of the following observations. (a) Melting must occur below volcanic arcs. Most underthrusting zones which have seismicity are associated with active volcanism above the downgoing slab. It is most Jikely, therefore, that this volcanism is intimately related to subduction, altho ...
... reproduce one or more of the following observations. (a) Melting must occur below volcanic arcs. Most underthrusting zones which have seismicity are associated with active volcanism above the downgoing slab. It is most Jikely, therefore, that this volcanism is intimately related to subduction, altho ...
Seafloor weathering controls on atmospheric C02 and global climate
... (Muehlenbachs, 1980). The alteration must commence immediately after the crust is formed because the young ( <3.2 m.y.) DSDP basalts are pervasively weathered (Muehlenbachs, 1977; Muehlenbachs and Hodges, 1978). The weathering proceeds for some millions of years and then appears to cease because the ...
... (Muehlenbachs, 1980). The alteration must commence immediately after the crust is formed because the young ( <3.2 m.y.) DSDP basalts are pervasively weathered (Muehlenbachs, 1977; Muehlenbachs and Hodges, 1978). The weathering proceeds for some millions of years and then appears to cease because the ...
Unit 2 Exploring Plate Tectonics
... tectonics has occurred for hundreds of millions of years. Launch ArcMap, and locate and open the ddde_unit_.mxd file. Refer to the tear-out Quick Reference Sheet located in the Introduction to this module for GIS definitions and instructions on how to perform tasks. In the Table of Contents, right- ...
... tectonics has occurred for hundreds of millions of years. Launch ArcMap, and locate and open the ddde_unit_.mxd file. Refer to the tear-out Quick Reference Sheet located in the Introduction to this module for GIS definitions and instructions on how to perform tasks. In the Table of Contents, right- ...
Seismic Anisotropy: Tracing Plate Dynamics in the Mantle
... Anisotropy tends to be modest in global models (1 to 3%) and can largely be confined to the upper 200 km of the mantle under oceanic plates (23, 24). This suggests that shear textures associated with moving plates do not extend deeply into the asthenosphere. Geographic variations in anisotropy (Fig. ...
... Anisotropy tends to be modest in global models (1 to 3%) and can largely be confined to the upper 200 km of the mantle under oceanic plates (23, 24). This suggests that shear textures associated with moving plates do not extend deeply into the asthenosphere. Geographic variations in anisotropy (Fig. ...
Using sound waves to sort out seafloor sediment types
... in this issue). The method works by sending sound waves to the seafloor from equipment mounted on a ship’s hull and measuring the time it takes for the signals to return. This time is directly related to water depth. Therefore it is possible to build up a detailed map of the seafloor from many measu ...
... in this issue). The method works by sending sound waves to the seafloor from equipment mounted on a ship’s hull and measuring the time it takes for the signals to return. This time is directly related to water depth. Therefore it is possible to build up a detailed map of the seafloor from many measu ...
Anatolide platform in Turkey
... basin during the Oligocene (Görür et al. 1984), in the Sivas basin during the Eocene–Oligocene (Gökten, 1993) and in the Hınıs basin during the Late Eocene (Yılmaz, 1994). 3. Discussion and conclusions It is now well known that the northern branch of Neotethys (the Izmir–Ankara ocean) was consumed a ...
... basin during the Oligocene (Görür et al. 1984), in the Sivas basin during the Eocene–Oligocene (Gökten, 1993) and in the Hınıs basin during the Late Eocene (Yılmaz, 1994). 3. Discussion and conclusions It is now well known that the northern branch of Neotethys (the Izmir–Ankara ocean) was consumed a ...
Sustainable Use of Our Oceans – Making Ideas Work
... faceted, creating something of a barrier to understanding and making the lessons to be ...
... faceted, creating something of a barrier to understanding and making the lessons to be ...
Physical oceanography
Physical oceanography is the study of physical conditions and physical processes within the ocean, especially the motions and physical properties of ocean waters.Physical oceanography is one of several sub-domains into which oceanography is divided. Others include biological, chemical and geological oceanographies.