spinal cord - Zanichelli
... muscles and coordinates skeletal muscle contractions. The impulses to the motor and sensory systems pass through the brain stem, which contains the centers for regulating breathing, heartbeat and blood pressure. ...
... muscles and coordinates skeletal muscle contractions. The impulses to the motor and sensory systems pass through the brain stem, which contains the centers for regulating breathing, heartbeat and blood pressure. ...
Skeletal System
... movement of the joints Ruffini corpuscles are slowly adapting stretch receptors that are ideal for measuring the positions of non-moving joints and the stretch of joints that undergo slow, sustained movements ...
... movement of the joints Ruffini corpuscles are slowly adapting stretch receptors that are ideal for measuring the positions of non-moving joints and the stretch of joints that undergo slow, sustained movements ...
Bridging Rate Coding and Temporal Spike Coding
... than the time required for temporal averaging of spike signals necessary for obtaining firing rates. Actually, precisely timed reproducible spiking has been experimentally observed with a precision of milliseconds [1], suggesting the importance of precise spike timing in information processing. The ...
... than the time required for temporal averaging of spike signals necessary for obtaining firing rates. Actually, precisely timed reproducible spiking has been experimentally observed with a precision of milliseconds [1], suggesting the importance of precise spike timing in information processing. The ...
9-Cranial nerve 8 (Vestibulo
... located in the vestibular ganglion within the internal auditory meatus. • The Peripheral processes (vestibular nerve fibers) make dendritic contact with hair cells of the membranous labyrinth (inner ear). • The central processes: 1. Mostly end up in the lateral, medial, inferior and superior vestibu ...
... located in the vestibular ganglion within the internal auditory meatus. • The Peripheral processes (vestibular nerve fibers) make dendritic contact with hair cells of the membranous labyrinth (inner ear). • The central processes: 1. Mostly end up in the lateral, medial, inferior and superior vestibu ...
Document
... An axon may synapse with postganglionic neurons in the ganglion it first reaches or Sympathetic chains or An axon may continue, without synapsing, through the sympathetic trunk ganglion to end at a prevertebral ganglion and synapse with postganglionic neurons there or An axon may pass through the sy ...
... An axon may synapse with postganglionic neurons in the ganglion it first reaches or Sympathetic chains or An axon may continue, without synapsing, through the sympathetic trunk ganglion to end at a prevertebral ganglion and synapse with postganglionic neurons there or An axon may pass through the sy ...
CHAPTER 2
... send their axons out the ventral roots of spinal nerves. The visceral motor tissues of the body - smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands - are not derived from dermomyotomes. Glands are derived either from ectoderm or endoderm (which you will learn about in embryology). Smooth muscle and cardiac ...
... send their axons out the ventral roots of spinal nerves. The visceral motor tissues of the body - smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands - are not derived from dermomyotomes. Glands are derived either from ectoderm or endoderm (which you will learn about in embryology). Smooth muscle and cardiac ...
Nondirected axonal growth on basal lamina from avian embryonic
... Regeneration experiments in the frog peripheral nervous system also suggest that musele basal laminae have a prominent function in axonal guidance. Regrowing motor axons accurately relocate to the previous site of synaptic contact on the surface ofthe musele fiber (Rarnon y Cajal, 1928; Bennett and ...
... Regeneration experiments in the frog peripheral nervous system also suggest that musele basal laminae have a prominent function in axonal guidance. Regrowing motor axons accurately relocate to the previous site of synaptic contact on the surface ofthe musele fiber (Rarnon y Cajal, 1928; Bennett and ...
PSY110 Week 2 Biology and Behavior
... • development of myelin sheaths around axons • begins prior to birth but continues well into adulthood ...
... • development of myelin sheaths around axons • begins prior to birth but continues well into adulthood ...
Anat3_08_Autonomic_Nervous_System1
... the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) and sympathetic nervous system (SNS). For some functions these systems operate independently and for others they operate cooperatively. In many cases the PSNS and SNS have opposite actions with one activating a physiological response and the other inhibi ...
... the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) and sympathetic nervous system (SNS). For some functions these systems operate independently and for others they operate cooperatively. In many cases the PSNS and SNS have opposite actions with one activating a physiological response and the other inhibi ...
The effects of normal aging on myelin and nerve fibers: A review
... degenerative, age-related alterations that affect the integrity of myelin sheaths. It should be pointed out however, that both of these changes are localized and do not extend along the entire length of an internode. This can be seen in longitudinal sections of affected nerve fibers (Fig. 4), and se ...
... degenerative, age-related alterations that affect the integrity of myelin sheaths. It should be pointed out however, that both of these changes are localized and do not extend along the entire length of an internode. This can be seen in longitudinal sections of affected nerve fibers (Fig. 4), and se ...
Spinal cord
... Posterior projections are the posterior or dorsal horns. Anterior projections are the anterior or ventral horns. In the thoracic and lumbar cord, there also exist lateral horns. ...
... Posterior projections are the posterior or dorsal horns. Anterior projections are the anterior or ventral horns. In the thoracic and lumbar cord, there also exist lateral horns. ...
Neurophysiology: Serotonin`s many meanings elude simple theories
... motor activity (Ranade and Mainen, 2009). There is also recent, direct, evidence for its association with reward (Liu et al., 2014). Indeed, the fact that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the major treatment for depression has always hinted at a role for serotonin in the ascriptio ...
... motor activity (Ranade and Mainen, 2009). There is also recent, direct, evidence for its association with reward (Liu et al., 2014). Indeed, the fact that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the major treatment for depression has always hinted at a role for serotonin in the ascriptio ...
CNS - Algonquin College
... different types of information into a coherent sequence of action, e.g. decision making. The motor ability for speech, i.e. muscle control, is also centered in the area. The posterior portion of the frontal lobe controls the initiation of voluntary movement. Dysfunction in this area may result in he ...
... different types of information into a coherent sequence of action, e.g. decision making. The motor ability for speech, i.e. muscle control, is also centered in the area. The posterior portion of the frontal lobe controls the initiation of voluntary movement. Dysfunction in this area may result in he ...
Nervous System - Lakeridge Health
... different types of information into a coherent sequence of action, e.g. decision making. The motor ability for speech, i.e. muscle control, is also centered in the area. The posterior portion of the frontal lobe controls the initiation of voluntary movement. Dysfunction in this area may result in he ...
... different types of information into a coherent sequence of action, e.g. decision making. The motor ability for speech, i.e. muscle control, is also centered in the area. The posterior portion of the frontal lobe controls the initiation of voluntary movement. Dysfunction in this area may result in he ...
Tyrosine Hydroxylase in the Rat Parabrachial Region: Ultrastructural
... 4A). However, occasionally a slightly larger (0.3-0.5 pm in diameter), lightly myelinated axon also showed peroxidase immunoreactivity (Fig. 2C). Both myelinated and unmyelinated axons with TH-I were found within groups of other labeled and unlabeled axons and terminals (Figs. 2C, 4A, 5c). At least ...
... 4A). However, occasionally a slightly larger (0.3-0.5 pm in diameter), lightly myelinated axon also showed peroxidase immunoreactivity (Fig. 2C). Both myelinated and unmyelinated axons with TH-I were found within groups of other labeled and unlabeled axons and terminals (Figs. 2C, 4A, 5c). At least ...
PDF
... dendritic trees spanning several cortical layers they can independently process different classes of synaptic input within the same neuron [4]. The synaptic inputs that can contribute to the input/ output function for each pyramidal neuronal type is determined by the specific layers spanned by their ...
... dendritic trees spanning several cortical layers they can independently process different classes of synaptic input within the same neuron [4]. The synaptic inputs that can contribute to the input/ output function for each pyramidal neuronal type is determined by the specific layers spanned by their ...
Facial nerve
... • The mastoid segment of the facial nerve forms the second genu by the aditus ad antrum, turning vertically downward at an approximately 90° angle. • It courses through the mastoid and leaves its bony canal at the stylomastoid foramen. Just before exiting at this foramen, the facial nerve gives off ...
... • The mastoid segment of the facial nerve forms the second genu by the aditus ad antrum, turning vertically downward at an approximately 90° angle. • It courses through the mastoid and leaves its bony canal at the stylomastoid foramen. Just before exiting at this foramen, the facial nerve gives off ...
Neuroscience 1b – Spinal Cord Dysfunction
... d. dorsal columns-medial lemniscus e. reticulospinal tract f. vestibulospinal tract Spinal Cord: Grey matter (cell bodies) surrounded by white matter (axons). Dorsal Horns: receive sensory information from spinal nerves and dorsal roots. This is then either taken to the brain for processing, or used ...
... d. dorsal columns-medial lemniscus e. reticulospinal tract f. vestibulospinal tract Spinal Cord: Grey matter (cell bodies) surrounded by white matter (axons). Dorsal Horns: receive sensory information from spinal nerves and dorsal roots. This is then either taken to the brain for processing, or used ...
An EM Study of the Dorsal Nucleus of the Lateral Lemniscus
... different cell types. Examples of both cell types were observed to project to the contralateral side and received labeled synaptic endings. The major finding of this study is that the crossed connections between DNLL exhibit the morphology associated with inhibitory function. Since neurons in DNLL a ...
... different cell types. Examples of both cell types were observed to project to the contralateral side and received labeled synaptic endings. The major finding of this study is that the crossed connections between DNLL exhibit the morphology associated with inhibitory function. Since neurons in DNLL a ...
Modeling stability in neuron and network function: the role of activity
... the values that are measured from slice and culture experiments in which the natural patterns of activity of a network are altered prior to measurement will differ from those that contribute to network dynamics during behavior. Building models from measured means of a population of neurons with vari ...
... the values that are measured from slice and culture experiments in which the natural patterns of activity of a network are altered prior to measurement will differ from those that contribute to network dynamics during behavior. Building models from measured means of a population of neurons with vari ...
Huber et al. (2008), Sparse optical microstimulation in barrel cortex
... neurons were able to follow frequencies up to 20 Hz (Fig. 1e) and in some cases up to 50 Hz (Fig. 1f). These frequencies are comparable to, or higher than, typical spike rates in the barrel cortex17. Action potentials followed the photostimuli with short delays (range 3–11 ms) and little jitter (Sup ...
... neurons were able to follow frequencies up to 20 Hz (Fig. 1e) and in some cases up to 50 Hz (Fig. 1f). These frequencies are comparable to, or higher than, typical spike rates in the barrel cortex17. Action potentials followed the photostimuli with short delays (range 3–11 ms) and little jitter (Sup ...
Ativity 13 - PCC - Portland Community College
... Lower Motor Neurons • Lower motor neurons go from the spinal cord to a muscle. • The cell body of a lower motor neuron is in the spinal cord and its termination is in a skeletal muscle. • The loss of lower motor neurons leads to weakness, twitching of muscle (fasciculation), and loss of muscle mass ...
... Lower Motor Neurons • Lower motor neurons go from the spinal cord to a muscle. • The cell body of a lower motor neuron is in the spinal cord and its termination is in a skeletal muscle. • The loss of lower motor neurons leads to weakness, twitching of muscle (fasciculation), and loss of muscle mass ...
CHAPTER 48 NEURONS, SYNAPSES, AND SIGNALING Learning
... 12. Describe the characteristics of an action potential. Explain the role of voltage-gated ion channels in this process. 13. Define the refractory period. 14. Explain how an action potential is propagated along an axon. 15. Explain why the action potential cannot travel back toward the cell body. 16 ...
... 12. Describe the characteristics of an action potential. Explain the role of voltage-gated ion channels in this process. 13. Define the refractory period. 14. Explain how an action potential is propagated along an axon. 15. Explain why the action potential cannot travel back toward the cell body. 16 ...
Accurate reconstruction of neuronal morphology
... capillary on a micromanipulator and then advancing the tip into a vertical rough glass surface at an angle of approximately 60 degrees. The process is best done under the microscope using a 20x or 40x objective. This electrode can be filled with 0.5 M or 1.0 M NaCl and 3% biocytin. Extracellular rec ...
... capillary on a micromanipulator and then advancing the tip into a vertical rough glass surface at an angle of approximately 60 degrees. The process is best done under the microscope using a 20x or 40x objective. This electrode can be filled with 0.5 M or 1.0 M NaCl and 3% biocytin. Extracellular rec ...
Axon
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An axon (from Greek ἄξων áxōn, axis), also known as a nerve fibre, is a long, slender projection of a nerve cell, or neuron, that typically conducts electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body. The function of the axon is to transmit information to different neurons, muscles and glands. In certain sensory neurons (pseudounipolar neurons), such as those for touch and warmth, the electrical impulse travels along an axon from the periphery to the cell body, and from the cell body to the spinal cord along another branch of the same axon. Axon dysfunction causes many inherited and acquired neurological disorders which can affect both the peripheral and central neurons.An axon is one of two types of protoplasmic protrusions that extrude from the cell body of a neuron, the other type being dendrites. Axons are distinguished from dendrites by several features, including shape (dendrites often taper while axons usually maintain a constant radius), length (dendrites are restricted to a small region around the cell body while axons can be much longer), and function (dendrites usually receive signals while axons usually transmit them). All of these rules have exceptions, however.Some types of neurons have no axon and transmit signals from their dendrites. No neuron ever has more than one axon; however in invertebrates such as insects or leeches the axon sometimes consists of several regions that function more or less independently of each other. Most axons branch, in some cases very profusely.Axons make contact with other cells—usually other neurons but sometimes muscle or gland cells—at junctions called synapses. At a synapse, the membrane of the axon closely adjoins the membrane of the target cell, and special molecular structures serve to transmit electrical or electrochemical signals across the gap. Some synaptic junctions appear partway along an axon as it extends—these are called en passant (""in passing"") synapses. Other synapses appear as terminals at the ends of axonal branches. A single axon, with all its branches taken together, can innervate multiple parts of the brain and generate thousands of synaptic terminals.