Mitral Valve Obstruction and Pulmonary Hypertension
... 20 patients with cardiac tumors reported 10% mortality. There was a preponderance of females in the three series but there was no racial breakdown. ...
... 20 patients with cardiac tumors reported 10% mortality. There was a preponderance of females in the three series but there was no racial breakdown. ...
chifs-card-arrhythmia - Children`s Health Queensland
... by electrodes contacting the heart muscles, to regulate the beating of the heart. The primary purpose of a pacemaker is to maintain an adequate heart rate, either because of the heart’s native pacemaker is not fast enough, or there is a block in the heart’s electrical conduction system. Modern pacem ...
... by electrodes contacting the heart muscles, to regulate the beating of the heart. The primary purpose of a pacemaker is to maintain an adequate heart rate, either because of the heart’s native pacemaker is not fast enough, or there is a block in the heart’s electrical conduction system. Modern pacem ...
Lecture 19 EKG – Electrocardiogram
... expiration. These changes are mediated through vagal reflexes. Sinus arrhythmia is more common in young healthy athletes. ...
... expiration. These changes are mediated through vagal reflexes. Sinus arrhythmia is more common in young healthy athletes. ...
Physiology of cardiac rate and rhythm
... Resting intracellular voltage of myocardial cells is negative -90mV (SA node is -40mV) Resting state - K+ inside and Na+ outside cell (Na+/K+ pump) Action potential occurs when Na+ enters the cell and sets up a depolarising current Stimulation of a single muscle fibre causes electrical activ ...
... Resting intracellular voltage of myocardial cells is negative -90mV (SA node is -40mV) Resting state - K+ inside and Na+ outside cell (Na+/K+ pump) Action potential occurs when Na+ enters the cell and sets up a depolarising current Stimulation of a single muscle fibre causes electrical activ ...
Living with an Invisible Disease
... Arrhythmia – I experience the following irregular heartbeat types, as recorded on ECGs, which have escalated over time and are now ongoing. ◦ Premature atrial complexes – the premature beat initiates outside the sinoatrial node causing another area of the atria to depolarise ◦ Premature junctional c ...
... Arrhythmia – I experience the following irregular heartbeat types, as recorded on ECGs, which have escalated over time and are now ongoing. ◦ Premature atrial complexes – the premature beat initiates outside the sinoatrial node causing another area of the atria to depolarise ◦ Premature junctional c ...
Is there a role for cardioversion in the management of atrial fibrillation?
... intervention in patients with AF, particularly if there is associated comorbidity, such as heart failure. This insistence on continued use of cardioversion in the absence of evidence for benefit has been entirely driven by secondary-care cardiologists, with little to no involvement of either primary ...
... intervention in patients with AF, particularly if there is associated comorbidity, such as heart failure. This insistence on continued use of cardioversion in the absence of evidence for benefit has been entirely driven by secondary-care cardiologists, with little to no involvement of either primary ...
First Degree and Second Degree Mobitz Type I
... Your health care team may have given you this information as part of your care. If so, please use it and call if you have any questions. If this information was not given to you as part of your care, please check with your doctor. This is not medical advice. This is not to be used for diagnosis or t ...
... Your health care team may have given you this information as part of your care. If so, please use it and call if you have any questions. If this information was not given to you as part of your care, please check with your doctor. This is not medical advice. This is not to be used for diagnosis or t ...
Idiopathic atrial fibrillation: a rose by any other name?
... It is interesting that part of their definition of hypertension was the echocardiographic finding of left ventricular hypertrophy, a known consequence of hypertension and a frequent indicator of hypertensive heart disease. Paradoxically they did not exclude left atrial enlargement (volume, diameter, ...
... It is interesting that part of their definition of hypertension was the echocardiographic finding of left ventricular hypertrophy, a known consequence of hypertension and a frequent indicator of hypertensive heart disease. Paradoxically they did not exclude left atrial enlargement (volume, diameter, ...
Setting the Heart`s Tempo
... stems from the ability of this muscle to contract without being stimulated by external nerves. Muscle with this ability, called myogenic muscle, explains why the heart will continue to beat, at least for a short time, when removed from the body. The heart’s tempo or beat rate is set by the sinoatria ...
... stems from the ability of this muscle to contract without being stimulated by external nerves. Muscle with this ability, called myogenic muscle, explains why the heart will continue to beat, at least for a short time, when removed from the body. The heart’s tempo or beat rate is set by the sinoatria ...
Recent Advances in Management of Atrial Fibrillation
... non-central nervous system systemic embolism according to R2CHADS2 scores (R2CHADS2 indicates CHADS2 [risk stratification system that awards 1 point each for the presence of congestive heart failure, hypertension, age >=75 years, and diabetes and 2 points for prior stroke or transient ischemic attac ...
... non-central nervous system systemic embolism according to R2CHADS2 scores (R2CHADS2 indicates CHADS2 [risk stratification system that awards 1 point each for the presence of congestive heart failure, hypertension, age >=75 years, and diabetes and 2 points for prior stroke or transient ischemic attac ...
click
... contract and pump the blood through the heart and out to the lungs and the rest of the body. When these cells are not working properly, this is known as sinus node disease. ...
... contract and pump the blood through the heart and out to the lungs and the rest of the body. When these cells are not working properly, this is known as sinus node disease. ...
chapter 20 the cardiovascular system: the heart
... 12. Asynchronous, haphazard, ventricular contractions are characteristic of a. interventricular septal defect b. coarctation of the aorta c. ventricular fibrillation d. Tetralogy of Fallot 13. Release of norepinephrine from nerve fibers causes a. decreased heart rate and force of contraction b. incr ...
... 12. Asynchronous, haphazard, ventricular contractions are characteristic of a. interventricular septal defect b. coarctation of the aorta c. ventricular fibrillation d. Tetralogy of Fallot 13. Release of norepinephrine from nerve fibers causes a. decreased heart rate and force of contraction b. incr ...
A Patient Guide to Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation
... dabigatran (Pradaxa), or apixaban (Eliquis) may be used. In addition to thinning the blood, other medications may be used to control the heart rate while in A-fib and prevent the development of heart failure. The goal is to lower the average heart rate to below 110 beats per minute. This is called “ ...
... dabigatran (Pradaxa), or apixaban (Eliquis) may be used. In addition to thinning the blood, other medications may be used to control the heart rate while in A-fib and prevent the development of heart failure. The goal is to lower the average heart rate to below 110 beats per minute. This is called “ ...
Arrhythmia Center brochure
... to further define etiology • If symptoms strongly suggest SVT without documentation then consider Seton EP evaluation for possible EP study or Implantable Loop Recorder ...
... to further define etiology • If symptoms strongly suggest SVT without documentation then consider Seton EP evaluation for possible EP study or Implantable Loop Recorder ...
living with atrial fibrillation
... experience symptoms such as dizziness, tiredness, shortness of breath or chest pain, or may feel faint or light headed. Some people may not notice any symptoms at all. If AF is suspected, your doctor will check your pulse and recommend some tests to confirm the diagnosis and to look for any underlyi ...
... experience symptoms such as dizziness, tiredness, shortness of breath or chest pain, or may feel faint or light headed. Some people may not notice any symptoms at all. If AF is suspected, your doctor will check your pulse and recommend some tests to confirm the diagnosis and to look for any underlyi ...
atrial fibrillation - Hamilton Cardiology Associates
... Overall, most of the risks, symptoms and consequences of AF are related to how fast the heart is beating and how often rhythm disturbances occur. AF may be brief, with symptoms that come and go. It is possible to have an atrial fibrillation episode that resolves on its own. Or, the condition may be ...
... Overall, most of the risks, symptoms and consequences of AF are related to how fast the heart is beating and how often rhythm disturbances occur. AF may be brief, with symptoms that come and go. It is possible to have an atrial fibrillation episode that resolves on its own. Or, the condition may be ...
bio310 test2 with answers
... E. the delay at the AV node. 8. For initiation of cardiac muscle contraction: A. Extracellular calcium is the major source for cardiac contraction. B. Calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum is the major source for cardiac contraction. C. Troponin is not required for contraction in cardiac muscle. D ...
... E. the delay at the AV node. 8. For initiation of cardiac muscle contraction: A. Extracellular calcium is the major source for cardiac contraction. B. Calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum is the major source for cardiac contraction. C. Troponin is not required for contraction in cardiac muscle. D ...
Capture and fusion beats during atrial fibrillation and ventricular
... QRS beats, resembling sinus QRS complex, were then observed (fig 2). Discussion These cases illustrate two uncommon findings, initiation of idiopathic VT during AF and the occurrence of fusion and capture beats following atrioventricular (AV) conduction, during simultaneous VT and AF. AF provides ra ...
... QRS beats, resembling sinus QRS complex, were then observed (fig 2). Discussion These cases illustrate two uncommon findings, initiation of idiopathic VT during AF and the occurrence of fusion and capture beats following atrioventricular (AV) conduction, during simultaneous VT and AF. AF provides ra ...
Case 3 A 50-year-old man presenting with palpitations
... shortly before admission. If cardioversion can be performed within 48 h of the onset of AF (or if anticoagulation was initiated shortly after the onset of AF) the risk of embolisation is minimal. If the duration of AF is more prolonged, or is uncertain, it is usually recommended to anticoagulate the ...
... shortly before admission. If cardioversion can be performed within 48 h of the onset of AF (or if anticoagulation was initiated shortly after the onset of AF) the risk of embolisation is minimal. If the duration of AF is more prolonged, or is uncertain, it is usually recommended to anticoagulate the ...
ATRIAL PREMATURE BEATS
... arrhythmia. It occurs most frequently in rheumatic heart disease, especially mitral stenosis, and arteriosclerotic heart disease. It may appear paroxysmally before becoming the established rhythm in thyrotoxicosis and other disorders. Infection, trauma, surgery, poisoning, or excessive alcohol intak ...
... arrhythmia. It occurs most frequently in rheumatic heart disease, especially mitral stenosis, and arteriosclerotic heart disease. It may appear paroxysmally before becoming the established rhythm in thyrotoxicosis and other disorders. Infection, trauma, surgery, poisoning, or excessive alcohol intak ...
Chapter06_Detailed_Answers
... waves. In contrast, if the impulse arises from the lower-right atrium, near the AV node or in the left atrium, depolarization occurs in a retrograde direction resulting in the P’ wave being inverted in lead II. 9. c: ...
... waves. In contrast, if the impulse arises from the lower-right atrium, near the AV node or in the left atrium, depolarization occurs in a retrograde direction resulting in the P’ wave being inverted in lead II. 9. c: ...
EKG2: dDiagnosis of Cardiac Rhythms
... A. Pacing is from various foci within the atria B. Heart rate <100 bpm C. Contour or shape of P-waves vary from beat to beat, in a single lead (always try to look at lead II!) D. Associated with variations of P-R & P-P intervals, resulting in an irregularly irregular rhythm E. A common cause is rheu ...
... A. Pacing is from various foci within the atria B. Heart rate <100 bpm C. Contour or shape of P-waves vary from beat to beat, in a single lead (always try to look at lead II!) D. Associated with variations of P-R & P-P intervals, resulting in an irregularly irregular rhythm E. A common cause is rheu ...
Cardiac Medications
... the refractory period of the AV node - thus, there is a negative chronotropic effect Reduced vasospasms of epicardial vessels - reduces Prinzmetal angina ...
... the refractory period of the AV node - thus, there is a negative chronotropic effect Reduced vasospasms of epicardial vessels - reduces Prinzmetal angina ...
Atrial fibrillation
Atrial fibrillation (AF or A-fib) is an abnormal heart rhythm characterized by rapid and irregular beating. Often it starts as brief periods of abnormal beating which become longer and possibly constant over time. Most episodes have no symptoms. Occasionally there may be heart palpitations, fainting, shortness of breath, or chest pain. The disease increases the risk of heart failure, dementia, and stroke.Hypertension and valvular heart disease are the most common alterable risk factors for AF. Other heart-related risk factors include heart failure, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, and congenital heart disease. In the developing world valvular heart disease often occurs as a result of rheumatic fever. Lung-related risk factors include COPD, obesity, and sleep apnea. Other factors include excess alcohol intake, diabetes mellitus, and thyrotoxicosis. However, half of cases are not associated with one of these risks. A diagnosis is made by feeling the pulse and may be confirmed using an electrocardiogram (ECG). The typical ECG shows no P waves and an irregular ventricular rate.AF is often treated with medications to slow the heart rate to a near normal range (known as rate control) or to convert the rhythm to normal sinus rhythm (known as rhythm control). Electrical cardioversion can also be used to convert AF to a normal sinus rhythm and is often used emergently if the person is unstable. Ablation may prevent recurrence in some people. Depending on the risk of stroke either aspirin or anti-clotting medications such as warfarin or a novel oral anticoagulant may be recommended. While these medications reduce this risk, they increase rates of major bleeding.Atrial fibrillation is the most common serious abnormal heart rhythm. In Europe and North America, as of 2014, it affects about 2% to 3% of the population. This is an increase from 0.4 to 1% of the population around 2005. In the developing world about 0.6% of males and 0.4% of females are affected. The percentage of people with AF increases with age with 0.14% under 50 years old, 4% between 60 and 70 years old, and 14% over 80 years old being affected. A-fib and atrial flutter resulted in 112,000 deaths in 2013, up from 29,000 in 1990. The first known report of an irregular pulse was by John Baptist Senac in 1749. This was first documented by ECG in 1909 by Thomas Lewis.