A compensatory subpopulation of motor neurons in a mouse model
... loss and growth occur at individual neuromuscular junctions and whether such opposing events can occur in different branches of the same neuron or, alternatively, whether whole motor units are either compensating or degenerative. Evidence from developmental axon branch removal shows that individual ...
... loss and growth occur at individual neuromuscular junctions and whether such opposing events can occur in different branches of the same neuron or, alternatively, whether whole motor units are either compensating or degenerative. Evidence from developmental axon branch removal shows that individual ...
Review. Glial cells in neuronal network function
... Furthermore, although astrocytes express membrane ion channels, the level of expression of some key channels is relatively low and consequently they are not electrically excitable (e.g. Orkand et al. 1966; Sontheimer 1994; Verkhratsky & Steinhäuser 2000; Seifert & Steinhäuser 2001). Astrocytes are ...
... Furthermore, although astrocytes express membrane ion channels, the level of expression of some key channels is relatively low and consequently they are not electrically excitable (e.g. Orkand et al. 1966; Sontheimer 1994; Verkhratsky & Steinhäuser 2000; Seifert & Steinhäuser 2001). Astrocytes are ...
The role of spiking nonlinearity in contrast gain control
... & Meister, 1997), and network interactions (Victor, 1987). It was also suggested that the active ionic channels inside the spiking generation (Kim & Rieke, 2001; Sanchez-Vives et al., 2000) might play an important role in controlling the changing of the transfer function. In order to clarify the con ...
... & Meister, 1997), and network interactions (Victor, 1987). It was also suggested that the active ionic channels inside the spiking generation (Kim & Rieke, 2001; Sanchez-Vives et al., 2000) might play an important role in controlling the changing of the transfer function. In order to clarify the con ...
Brainstem Afferents of the Cholinoceptive Pontine Wave Generation
... On the basis of this efferent mapping study, we have produced anatomical evidence indicating that the P-wave generating cells are involved in sleep-dependent memory consolidation. ...
... On the basis of this efferent mapping study, we have produced anatomical evidence indicating that the P-wave generating cells are involved in sleep-dependent memory consolidation. ...
Neural Machines for Music Recognition
... properties that models should satisfy, and states a number of hypothesis about the structure and processes in the brain, some of which are more or less supported by actual findings. Although experiments from the field of psychology that were performed several decades ago already suggested that patte ...
... properties that models should satisfy, and states a number of hypothesis about the structure and processes in the brain, some of which are more or less supported by actual findings. Although experiments from the field of psychology that were performed several decades ago already suggested that patte ...
Neural Networks
... are scattered among large parts of the manuscript, providing information on how to implement their context in Snipe. This also implies that those who do not want to use Snipe, just have to skip the shaded Snipe-paragraphs! The Snipe-paragraphs assume the reader has had a close look at the "Getting s ...
... are scattered among large parts of the manuscript, providing information on how to implement their context in Snipe. This also implies that those who do not want to use Snipe, just have to skip the shaded Snipe-paragraphs! The Snipe-paragraphs assume the reader has had a close look at the "Getting s ...
Hypothalamic Regulation of Sleep
... distribution of the receptor mRNA levels has been determined (Trivedi et al. 1998). Orexin 1 (hypocretin 1) receptor mRNA is more abundant in ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus, hippocampal formation, DR and LC. In the rat, orexin-2 receptor mRNA is mainly expressed in cerebral cortex, nucleus accumb ...
... distribution of the receptor mRNA levels has been determined (Trivedi et al. 1998). Orexin 1 (hypocretin 1) receptor mRNA is more abundant in ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus, hippocampal formation, DR and LC. In the rat, orexin-2 receptor mRNA is mainly expressed in cerebral cortex, nucleus accumb ...
PDF version - Richard Andersen
... from 50 to 270 ms, with median 110 ms. In area 7a, although the and S. These basic phases are common to neurons of both areas range was similar to that of LIP, typically the LS latencies were LIP and 7a. In each phase (LS, M, and S), individual neurons may or may not be active. Most LIP neurons, how ...
... from 50 to 270 ms, with median 110 ms. In area 7a, although the and S. These basic phases are common to neurons of both areas range was similar to that of LIP, typically the LS latencies were LIP and 7a. In each phase (LS, M, and S), individual neurons may or may not be active. Most LIP neurons, how ...
Introduction 9 INTRODUCTION Circadian rhythms in physiology and
... SCN abolish the adrenal corticosterone rhythm, as well as rhythms in drinking and locomotor activity. In 1990, it was demonstrated that transplantation of the SCN into an arrhythmic SCN-lesioned animal restores rhythmicity with a period that is characteristic of the donor, providing unambiguous evid ...
... SCN abolish the adrenal corticosterone rhythm, as well as rhythms in drinking and locomotor activity. In 1990, it was demonstrated that transplantation of the SCN into an arrhythmic SCN-lesioned animal restores rhythmicity with a period that is characteristic of the donor, providing unambiguous evid ...
The epistemic value of brain-machine systems for the study of the
... Interesting results with important engineering, therapeutic, and neuroscientific implications have been obtained in these three experimental conditions. A first, basic result, in line with previous studies (see for example Chapin et al., 1999), is that brain control of robotic prostheses is possible ...
... Interesting results with important engineering, therapeutic, and neuroscientific implications have been obtained in these three experimental conditions. A first, basic result, in line with previous studies (see for example Chapin et al., 1999), is that brain control of robotic prostheses is possible ...
Analysis and Classification of EEG signals using Mixture of
... non convergence of ANN structure during training. Redundant features and excessive hidden nodes of ANN increases modeling complexity without improving discrimination performance. Therefore optimum design of neural network which intern optimizes the committee neural network is required towards real t ...
... non convergence of ANN structure during training. Redundant features and excessive hidden nodes of ANN increases modeling complexity without improving discrimination performance. Therefore optimum design of neural network which intern optimizes the committee neural network is required towards real t ...
MS word - University of Kentucky
... Phasic and Tonic Neurons In addition to delivering different types of excitation signals (excitatory or inhibitory), The motor neurons can also be phasic or tonic. Phasic-type neurons rapidly adapt and phase-out their response when the source of the stimulus (i.e. the CNS) continues the stimulation ...
... Phasic and Tonic Neurons In addition to delivering different types of excitation signals (excitatory or inhibitory), The motor neurons can also be phasic or tonic. Phasic-type neurons rapidly adapt and phase-out their response when the source of the stimulus (i.e. the CNS) continues the stimulation ...
Basal Ganglia YAYDAR 2012-2013
... Basically the activity of basal nuclei begins by information received from sensory cortex, thalamus, substantia nigra, and red nucleus, according to thoughts of mind. • These information is integrated within corpus striatum and channeled within globus pallidus and outflow back to motor areas of cere ...
... Basically the activity of basal nuclei begins by information received from sensory cortex, thalamus, substantia nigra, and red nucleus, according to thoughts of mind. • These information is integrated within corpus striatum and channeled within globus pallidus and outflow back to motor areas of cere ...
Neural Prostheses - Gert Cauwenberghs
... – ChR2 optical activation of targeted neurons – NPhR optical inactivation of targeted neurons ...
... – ChR2 optical activation of targeted neurons – NPhR optical inactivation of targeted neurons ...
Spatial and Temporal Structure of Receptive Fields in Primate
... which was essentially inextensible, was to prevent horizontal skin displacement when the scanning direction changed. Horizontal skin displacement produced by changes in scanning direction was ,1 mm. The thin latex sheet between the stimulus and the skin surface (identical to the latex sheet used by ...
... which was essentially inextensible, was to prevent horizontal skin displacement when the scanning direction changed. Horizontal skin displacement produced by changes in scanning direction was ,1 mm. The thin latex sheet between the stimulus and the skin surface (identical to the latex sheet used by ...
FEATURE ARTICLE Coding of Object Location in
... known stereotaxic coordinates. During each recording, up to 4 tungsten microelectrodes (0.5–1 MΩ; Alpha Omega Engineering; Nazareth, Israel) were lowered in parallel until units drivable by manual whisker stimulations were encountered at the appropriate stereotaxic depth. Standard methods for single ...
... known stereotaxic coordinates. During each recording, up to 4 tungsten microelectrodes (0.5–1 MΩ; Alpha Omega Engineering; Nazareth, Israel) were lowered in parallel until units drivable by manual whisker stimulations were encountered at the appropriate stereotaxic depth. Standard methods for single ...
the distribution of the cells of origin of callosal projections in cat
... transverse sections through the lateral gyrus and the medial bank of the middle suprasylvian sulcus. Callosal neurons in area 17 were confined to a region where receptive fields ranged from those centered on the vertical meridian to fields centered at from 5 to 10” azimuth (Fig. 5). It was also appa ...
... transverse sections through the lateral gyrus and the medial bank of the middle suprasylvian sulcus. Callosal neurons in area 17 were confined to a region where receptive fields ranged from those centered on the vertical meridian to fields centered at from 5 to 10” azimuth (Fig. 5). It was also appa ...
FROM MOTIVATION TO ACTION - The University of Texas at Dallas
... motor systems---can be traced back to the classical experiments of Hess (1957). This Swiss neurophysiologist is widely recognized for his fundamental contributions in mapping the central representation of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. for which he was awarded the Nobel prize i ...
... motor systems---can be traced back to the classical experiments of Hess (1957). This Swiss neurophysiologist is widely recognized for his fundamental contributions in mapping the central representation of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. for which he was awarded the Nobel prize i ...
The neurophysiological correlates of motor tics following focal
... The cortico-basal ganglia pathway is involved in normal motor control and implicated in multiple movement disorders. Brief repetitive muscle contractions known as motor tics are a common symptom in several basal ganglia related motor disorders. We used focal micro-injections of the GABA-A antagonist ...
... The cortico-basal ganglia pathway is involved in normal motor control and implicated in multiple movement disorders. Brief repetitive muscle contractions known as motor tics are a common symptom in several basal ganglia related motor disorders. We used focal micro-injections of the GABA-A antagonist ...
The dual nature of time preparation: neural
... cortical excitability through the study of the silent period (SP) that follows the MEP in the ongoing electromyogram (EMG) when the response agonists are tonically contracted (Burle et al., 2002). While the initial part of the SP can be a direct consequence of the MEP (refractory period of neurons i ...
... cortical excitability through the study of the silent period (SP) that follows the MEP in the ongoing electromyogram (EMG) when the response agonists are tonically contracted (Burle et al., 2002). While the initial part of the SP can be a direct consequence of the MEP (refractory period of neurons i ...
PDF
... tors and enzymes involved in neurotransmission, including choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and NMDA receptors [6], may be cited as important responses to injury that are related to a regenerative strategy [5-8] in the cell body. In adults, such a physiological shift is more related to cell repair th ...
... tors and enzymes involved in neurotransmission, including choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and NMDA receptors [6], may be cited as important responses to injury that are related to a regenerative strategy [5-8] in the cell body. In adults, such a physiological shift is more related to cell repair th ...