Minimal model of strategy switching in the plus
... Moreover, recent electrophysiological recordings of PFC neurons while rats were navigating in the plus maze have demonstrated that different neuronal populations were active depending on which strategy is currently in use [8]. When rats had learned that the correct strategy was a place-based one, a ...
... Moreover, recent electrophysiological recordings of PFC neurons while rats were navigating in the plus maze have demonstrated that different neuronal populations were active depending on which strategy is currently in use [8]. When rats had learned that the correct strategy was a place-based one, a ...
Principles of Soft Computing, 2 nd Edition
... Cognitron network was proposed by Fukushima in 1975. The synaptic strength from cell X to cell Y is reinforced if and only if the following two conditions are true: 1. Cell X: presynaptic cell fires. 2. None of the postsynaptic cells present near cell Y fire stronger than Y. The connection between p ...
... Cognitron network was proposed by Fukushima in 1975. The synaptic strength from cell X to cell Y is reinforced if and only if the following two conditions are true: 1. Cell X: presynaptic cell fires. 2. None of the postsynaptic cells present near cell Y fire stronger than Y. The connection between p ...
autonomic nervous system
... The effects of sympathetic stimulation, which result primarily from the interactions of NE and E with adrenergic receptors in the target cell’s plasma membrane ...
... The effects of sympathetic stimulation, which result primarily from the interactions of NE and E with adrenergic receptors in the target cell’s plasma membrane ...
Chapter 10
... regions of the motor homunculus are involved in activating motor neurons the arms, hands, and legs primarily on the ________, while the trunk the motor homunculus are primarily involved in activating motor neurons the trunk primarily on the _________. ...
... regions of the motor homunculus are involved in activating motor neurons the arms, hands, and legs primarily on the ________, while the trunk the motor homunculus are primarily involved in activating motor neurons the trunk primarily on the _________. ...
Induction of c-fos Expression in Hypothalamic Magnocellular
... pressure and the injection of oxytocin intravenously (i.v.), respectively. Mammary gland responsiveness was checked with single injections of 0.25-l mU of oxytocin (Syntocinon, Sandoz Pharmaceuticals, UK). For cranial surgery, the rats were positioned in a stereotaxic frame with the dorsal surface o ...
... pressure and the injection of oxytocin intravenously (i.v.), respectively. Mammary gland responsiveness was checked with single injections of 0.25-l mU of oxytocin (Syntocinon, Sandoz Pharmaceuticals, UK). For cranial surgery, the rats were positioned in a stereotaxic frame with the dorsal surface o ...
Somatosensory Substrates of Flight Control in Bats
... quick altitude drops and directional changes. Such agile flight is unmatched by gliding mammals and existing aircraft technologies. Bat wings have evolved not only for flight, like avian wings, but also for object manipulation, such as pup handling and capturing insects. This range of functions is p ...
... quick altitude drops and directional changes. Such agile flight is unmatched by gliding mammals and existing aircraft technologies. Bat wings have evolved not only for flight, like avian wings, but also for object manipulation, such as pup handling and capturing insects. This range of functions is p ...
A Neural Mass Model to Simulate Different Rhythms in a Cortical
... Neuronal activity in the γ band has been proposed as a physiological indicator of perceptual and higher cognitive processes in the brain, including arousal and attention [1], binding of stimulus features and perception of objects [2], consciousness, and language [3]. Generally, γ rhythms are found i ...
... Neuronal activity in the γ band has been proposed as a physiological indicator of perceptual and higher cognitive processes in the brain, including arousal and attention [1], binding of stimulus features and perception of objects [2], consciousness, and language [3]. Generally, γ rhythms are found i ...
Deep Sparse Rectifier Neural Networks
... same time to be between 1 and 4% (Lennie, 2003). This corresponds to a trade-off between richness of representation and small action potential energy expenditure. Without additional regularization, such as an L1 penalty, ordinary feedforward neural nets do not have this property. For example, the si ...
... same time to be between 1 and 4% (Lennie, 2003). This corresponds to a trade-off between richness of representation and small action potential energy expenditure. Without additional regularization, such as an L1 penalty, ordinary feedforward neural nets do not have this property. For example, the si ...
Rate versus Temporal Coding Models
... neuron, up to recordings from intact brains in behaving animals. Therefore, in addition to describing the ideas behind the putative temporal codes, this article will try to evaluate the evidence in support of each code. The evidence for a temporal code can be divided broadly into four categories (se ...
... neuron, up to recordings from intact brains in behaving animals. Therefore, in addition to describing the ideas behind the putative temporal codes, this article will try to evaluate the evidence in support of each code. The evidence for a temporal code can be divided broadly into four categories (se ...
The Spinal Cord - Lightweight OCW University of Palestine
... same origin, termination and function. The tract may be ascending (sensory or afferent) or descending (motor or efferent). 7. Bundle: is a group of nerve fibers which have different origin , termination or function. 8. Fasciculus: is a small bundle. 9. Peduncles: are large nerve tracts that emerge f ...
... same origin, termination and function. The tract may be ascending (sensory or afferent) or descending (motor or efferent). 7. Bundle: is a group of nerve fibers which have different origin , termination or function. 8. Fasciculus: is a small bundle. 9. Peduncles: are large nerve tracts that emerge f ...
23 Comp Review 1
... so the inside is more negative. • However, as the inside of the cell is becoming more negative, the outside of the cell is becoming more positive, and the positive charges will want to flow back inside of the cell since they are attracted to the negative charges. • This is what keeps K+ from just le ...
... so the inside is more negative. • However, as the inside of the cell is becoming more negative, the outside of the cell is becoming more positive, and the positive charges will want to flow back inside of the cell since they are attracted to the negative charges. • This is what keeps K+ from just le ...
Visuomotor development
... Coordinate system transformation and the inverse kinematics problem The concepts of reference frames and coordinate systems are used widely in the study of eye and limb movements. A reference frame is invoked when an experimental result is described: for example, describing the position of eyes rela ...
... Coordinate system transformation and the inverse kinematics problem The concepts of reference frames and coordinate systems are used widely in the study of eye and limb movements. A reference frame is invoked when an experimental result is described: for example, describing the position of eyes rela ...
“Attention for Action” and “Response Selection” in Primate Anterior
... task, location-related visual cues using a 0.5°-sized gray square were randomly displayed 5° on either the left or right side of the fixation square for 0.3 sec twice at 1 and 2.5 sec after the start of trials. Subsequently, a go signal (0.5°-sized green square) was displayed at the fixation positio ...
... task, location-related visual cues using a 0.5°-sized gray square were randomly displayed 5° on either the left or right side of the fixation square for 0.3 sec twice at 1 and 2.5 sec after the start of trials. Subsequently, a go signal (0.5°-sized green square) was displayed at the fixation positio ...
APPLICATION OF AN EXPERT SYSTEM FOR ASSESSMENT OF
... Hebb’s Law can be represented in the form of two rules: 1. If two neurons on either side of a connection are activated synchronously, then the weight of that connection is increased. 2. If two neurons on either side of a connection are activated asynchronously, then the weight of that connection is ...
... Hebb’s Law can be represented in the form of two rules: 1. If two neurons on either side of a connection are activated synchronously, then the weight of that connection is increased. 2. If two neurons on either side of a connection are activated asynchronously, then the weight of that connection is ...
Competitive learning
... Hebb’s Law can be represented in the form of two rules: 1. If two neurons on either side of a connection are activated synchronously(同步地), then the weight of that connection is increased. 2. If two neurons on either side of a connection are activated asynchronously, then the weight of that connecti ...
... Hebb’s Law can be represented in the form of two rules: 1. If two neurons on either side of a connection are activated synchronously(同步地), then the weight of that connection is increased. 2. If two neurons on either side of a connection are activated asynchronously, then the weight of that connecti ...
Retrieval of the diffuse attenuation coefficient Kd(λ)
... • Two-step empirical algorithm with intermediate link – Morel, 2007: • chl-a= 10 ...
... • Two-step empirical algorithm with intermediate link – Morel, 2007: • chl-a= 10 ...
Chapter Two Line Title Here and Chapter Title Here and Here
... their axons extend to the skeletal muscles they innervate. 3. The ANS consists of a two-neuron chain in which the cell body of the first neuron, the preganglionic neuron, resides in the spinal cord, and synapses with a second neuron, the postganglionic neuron, reside within an autonomic ganglion out ...
... their axons extend to the skeletal muscles they innervate. 3. The ANS consists of a two-neuron chain in which the cell body of the first neuron, the preganglionic neuron, resides in the spinal cord, and synapses with a second neuron, the postganglionic neuron, reside within an autonomic ganglion out ...
Chapter 54: The Nervous System
... As with all vertebrates, sexual development in alligator males—particularly development of their external sexual organs—is largely dependent on the androgen sex hormone testosterone and its derivatives. In the alligator embryo, these steroid hormones are responsible for the differentiation of the ma ...
... As with all vertebrates, sexual development in alligator males—particularly development of their external sexual organs—is largely dependent on the androgen sex hormone testosterone and its derivatives. In the alligator embryo, these steroid hormones are responsible for the differentiation of the ma ...
The Area Postrema - Queen`s University
... Intriguingly information from the AP reaches the PVN through both monosynaptic and polysynaptic connections suggesting an integrative capacity with potentially bidirectional information processing. Other major sources of neuronal information to the AP come from vagal and carotid sinus nerve afferent ...
... Intriguingly information from the AP reaches the PVN through both monosynaptic and polysynaptic connections suggesting an integrative capacity with potentially bidirectional information processing. Other major sources of neuronal information to the AP come from vagal and carotid sinus nerve afferent ...