Lipid-modified morphogens: functions of fats - treisman lab
... carry essential palmitate modifications on their N-terminal cysteine residues [16,20,21,22] (Figure 1). Unlike palmitate modifications of intracellular proteins, which form thioester bonds with cysteine residues [23], palmitate is attached to Hh by a stable amide linkage to the Nterminal amino gr ...
... carry essential palmitate modifications on their N-terminal cysteine residues [16,20,21,22] (Figure 1). Unlike palmitate modifications of intracellular proteins, which form thioester bonds with cysteine residues [23], palmitate is attached to Hh by a stable amide linkage to the Nterminal amino gr ...
Physical properties of lipid bilayer membranes: relevance to
... creases oxygen transport in the polar headgroup region and in the hydrocarbon region near the polar headgroups and increases it in the membrane center [12, 14]. This indicates that the major barrier for oxygen permeability across the membrane is located in and near the headgroup region. The extended ...
... creases oxygen transport in the polar headgroup region and in the hydrocarbon region near the polar headgroups and increases it in the membrane center [12, 14]. This indicates that the major barrier for oxygen permeability across the membrane is located in and near the headgroup region. The extended ...
Charge asymmetry in the proteins of the outer membrane
... outer membrane phospholipase in lipid bilayer vesicles demonstrated that substitution of leucine for native residues in lipidfacing positions stabilizes OMBBs and substitution of those same positions to arginine destabilizes OMBBs. The effect of these mutations on stabilization is stronger toward th ...
... outer membrane phospholipase in lipid bilayer vesicles demonstrated that substitution of leucine for native residues in lipidfacing positions stabilizes OMBBs and substitution of those same positions to arginine destabilizes OMBBs. The effect of these mutations on stabilization is stronger toward th ...
AtVPS45 Is a Positive Regulator of the SYP41
... We report a functional characterization of AtVPS45 (for vacuolar protein sorting 45), a protein from the Sec1/Munc18 family in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) that interacts at the trans-Golgi network (TGN) with the SYP41/SYP61/VTI12 SNARE complex. A null allele of AtVPS45 was male gametophytic l ...
... We report a functional characterization of AtVPS45 (for vacuolar protein sorting 45), a protein from the Sec1/Munc18 family in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) that interacts at the trans-Golgi network (TGN) with the SYP41/SYP61/VTI12 SNARE complex. A null allele of AtVPS45 was male gametophytic l ...
Sample pages 1 PDF
... et al. 2004), many of which are plant-specific and those associated with the PM have roles in cytokinesis, hormone responses, and pathogen resistance (Collins et al. 2003). Nine Qa-SNAREs are on the PM: SYP111/KNOLLE, SYP112, SYP121, SYP122, SYP123, SYP124, SYP125, SYP131, and SYP132 (Uemura et al. ...
... et al. 2004), many of which are plant-specific and those associated with the PM have roles in cytokinesis, hormone responses, and pathogen resistance (Collins et al. 2003). Nine Qa-SNAREs are on the PM: SYP111/KNOLLE, SYP112, SYP121, SYP122, SYP123, SYP124, SYP125, SYP131, and SYP132 (Uemura et al. ...
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)
... 2.2.3 Transmitter secretion and role of calcium ions The concentration of Ca2+ is related to the number of vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane of the terminal because the presynaptic terminals have Ca 2+ channels in their plasma membranes that are voltagesensitive; this regulates the fusion ...
... 2.2.3 Transmitter secretion and role of calcium ions The concentration of Ca2+ is related to the number of vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane of the terminal because the presynaptic terminals have Ca 2+ channels in their plasma membranes that are voltagesensitive; this regulates the fusion ...
Resting membrane potential
... A neuron's RMP of –70 mV is maintained by the sodiumpotassium pump. Changes in membrane potential occur when ion channels open, permitting ions to move from one side of the membrane to the other. If the membrane potential depolarizes by 15 to 20 mV the threshold is reached, resulting in an act ...
... A neuron's RMP of –70 mV is maintained by the sodiumpotassium pump. Changes in membrane potential occur when ion channels open, permitting ions to move from one side of the membrane to the other. If the membrane potential depolarizes by 15 to 20 mV the threshold is reached, resulting in an act ...
Electrophysiology - University of Nevada, Las Vegas
... Internal resistance (Rin) is inversely proportional to cross-sectional area Doubling of nerve radius will increase Cm by 2, decrease Rm by 2 and decrease Rin by 4, so product of Cm x Rm · Rin = 2 x 1 ...
... Internal resistance (Rin) is inversely proportional to cross-sectional area Doubling of nerve radius will increase Cm by 2, decrease Rm by 2 and decrease Rin by 4, so product of Cm x Rm · Rin = 2 x 1 ...
AthPEX10, a nuclear gene essential for peroxisome and storage
... their development, whereas the viable, green seeds developed into brown mature seeds (Fig. 1E). Analyses of two heterozygous lines yielded a frequency of 21.3% ⫾ 7.1% (SD) and 21.6% ⫾ 4.5% lethal seeds in agreement with a recessive lethal segregation of the embryos homozygous for the insertion. In a ...
... their development, whereas the viable, green seeds developed into brown mature seeds (Fig. 1E). Analyses of two heterozygous lines yielded a frequency of 21.3% ⫾ 7.1% (SD) and 21.6% ⫾ 4.5% lethal seeds in agreement with a recessive lethal segregation of the embryos homozygous for the insertion. In a ...
Fatty acid
... 1. Lipids: These are water insoluble biomolecules that readily dissolve in organic solvents like chloroform and have a wide range of biological functions. They are important components of membranes, serve as fuel reserves and signalling molecules. Three important membrane lipids include phospholipid ...
... 1. Lipids: These are water insoluble biomolecules that readily dissolve in organic solvents like chloroform and have a wide range of biological functions. They are important components of membranes, serve as fuel reserves and signalling molecules. Three important membrane lipids include phospholipid ...
Muscle and nerve physiology
... Ach is synthesized locally in the cytoplasm of the nerve terminal, from active acetate (acetylcoenzyme A) and choline. Then it is rapidly absorbed into the synaptic vesicles and stored there. The synaptic vesicles themselves are made by the Golgi Apparatus in the nerve soma ( cell-body). Then they a ...
... Ach is synthesized locally in the cytoplasm of the nerve terminal, from active acetate (acetylcoenzyme A) and choline. Then it is rapidly absorbed into the synaptic vesicles and stored there. The synaptic vesicles themselves are made by the Golgi Apparatus in the nerve soma ( cell-body). Then they a ...
Synaptic Democracy and Vesicular Transport in Axons
... the postsynaptic sites of a dendrite). Since vesicles are injected from the soma (anterograde transport), one might expect that synapses proximal to the soma would be preferentially supplied with resources. This problem persists even when the stochastic nature of motor transport and delivery of carg ...
... the postsynaptic sites of a dendrite). Since vesicles are injected from the soma (anterograde transport), one might expect that synapses proximal to the soma would be preferentially supplied with resources. This problem persists even when the stochastic nature of motor transport and delivery of carg ...
File
... There is always more than one neuron involved in the transmission of a nerve impulse from its origin to its destination, whether it is sensory or motor. There is no physical contact between these neurons. The point at which the nerve impulse passes from one to another is the synapse. There are the j ...
... There is always more than one neuron involved in the transmission of a nerve impulse from its origin to its destination, whether it is sensory or motor. There is no physical contact between these neurons. The point at which the nerve impulse passes from one to another is the synapse. There are the j ...
Vipp1: a very important protein in plastids?!
... appears to be peripherally associated with the cytoplasmic membrane of bacterial cells (Brissette et al., 1990; Cserzo et al., 1997; Kobayashi et al., 2007). As the most abundant protein and primary effector of the Psp response, PspA is responsible for several phenotypes connected to this system (We ...
... appears to be peripherally associated with the cytoplasmic membrane of bacterial cells (Brissette et al., 1990; Cserzo et al., 1997; Kobayashi et al., 2007). As the most abundant protein and primary effector of the Psp response, PspA is responsible for several phenotypes connected to this system (We ...
Nervous System Part 1
... signaling over short distances. Action potentials – signaling over long distances ...
... signaling over short distances. Action potentials – signaling over long distances ...
Special Review
... the levels of plasma membrane cholesterol and potentially interacting with specific lipids, the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor atorvastatin was shown to attenuate the expression of caveolin-1 and the abundance of caveolae in endothelial cells. These effects were observed in the absence of changes in cy ...
... the levels of plasma membrane cholesterol and potentially interacting with specific lipids, the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor atorvastatin was shown to attenuate the expression of caveolin-1 and the abundance of caveolae in endothelial cells. These effects were observed in the absence of changes in cy ...
5.6. membrane lipids
... • Carboxylic acids with long-chain hydrocarbon side groups. • They can be branched and saturated, unsaturated or polyunsaturated (contain ...
... • Carboxylic acids with long-chain hydrocarbon side groups. • They can be branched and saturated, unsaturated or polyunsaturated (contain ...
5-Cell and Molecular Biology (Golgi etc)
... • this process involves the polymerization of one or more glycosaminoglycan chains via a xylose link on to serines on the core protein • Many proteoglycanes are secreted and become components of the extracellular matrix while other remain anchored to the plasma membrane • Others form a major compone ...
... • this process involves the polymerization of one or more glycosaminoglycan chains via a xylose link on to serines on the core protein • Many proteoglycanes are secreted and become components of the extracellular matrix while other remain anchored to the plasma membrane • Others form a major compone ...
CH2O -OCH CH2O- - f.a. #1 f.a.#2 f.a.#3 f.a. = fatty acid.
... Esters between fatty acids and glycerol are called glycerides. In neutral fats all three hydroxyl groups of the glycerol are esterified. These are called triacylglycerols or triglycerides; monoacyl and diacyl-glycerols are much less common in nature (though they are present in trace amounts as inter ...
... Esters between fatty acids and glycerol are called glycerides. In neutral fats all three hydroxyl groups of the glycerol are esterified. These are called triacylglycerols or triglycerides; monoacyl and diacyl-glycerols are much less common in nature (though they are present in trace amounts as inter ...
The Role of Selective Transport in Neuronal Protein
... protein to the correct cellular domain. The transport of vesicles containing TfR was almost exclusively directed into dendrites, and this selective transport alone is sufficient to account for the polarization of TfR on the dendritic surface. Downstream selectivity mechanisms may also exist, but the ...
... protein to the correct cellular domain. The transport of vesicles containing TfR was almost exclusively directed into dendrites, and this selective transport alone is sufficient to account for the polarization of TfR on the dendritic surface. Downstream selectivity mechanisms may also exist, but the ...
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS) e-ISSN: 2278-3008, p-ISSN:2319-7676.
... the erythrocyte could be extrapolated to the stabilization of lysosomal membrane (Omale et al., 2008). The extra cellular activity of the lysosomal enzymes is said to be related to acute or chronic inflammation. The non steroidal drugs act either by inhibiting these lysosomal enzymes or by stabilizi ...
... the erythrocyte could be extrapolated to the stabilization of lysosomal membrane (Omale et al., 2008). The extra cellular activity of the lysosomal enzymes is said to be related to acute or chronic inflammation. The non steroidal drugs act either by inhibiting these lysosomal enzymes or by stabilizi ...
ch_03_lecture_outline_a
... matrix (fibers and other substances outside the cell) may be anchored to membrane proteins, which help maintain cell shape and fix the location of certain membrane proteins. Others play a role in cell movement or bind adjacent cells together. ...
... matrix (fibers and other substances outside the cell) may be anchored to membrane proteins, which help maintain cell shape and fix the location of certain membrane proteins. Others play a role in cell movement or bind adjacent cells together. ...
Sec14p-like proteins regulate phosphoinositide homoeostasis and
... This raises the possibility that SFH proteins modulate exocytic and/or endocytic events at the plasma membrane. To investigate whether the yeast SFH proteins modulate exocytosis, each SFH gene product was individually overexpressed in a number of sec ts mutants that block membrane trafficking at var ...
... This raises the possibility that SFH proteins modulate exocytic and/or endocytic events at the plasma membrane. To investigate whether the yeast SFH proteins modulate exocytosis, each SFH gene product was individually overexpressed in a number of sec ts mutants that block membrane trafficking at var ...
biological membranes - Biochemical Society
... Accordingly, the amount and types of protein vary considerably from membrane to membrane. The more active a membrane is in metabolism, the more protein it contains. There are several different ways in which proteins are associated with lipid bilayers to form functional membranes (Figure 8). ...
... Accordingly, the amount and types of protein vary considerably from membrane to membrane. The more active a membrane is in metabolism, the more protein it contains. There are several different ways in which proteins are associated with lipid bilayers to form functional membranes (Figure 8). ...
SNARE (protein)
SNARE proteins (an acronym derived from ""SNAP (Soluble NSF Attachment Protein) REceptor"") are a large protein superfamily consisting of more than 60 members in yeast and mammalian cells. The primary role of SNARE proteins is to mediate vesicle fusion, that is, the fusion of vesicles with their target membrane bound compartments (such as a lysosome). The best studied SNAREs are those that mediate docking of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic membrane in neurons. These SNAREs are the targets of the bacterial neurotoxins responsible for botulism and tetanus.