Ubiquitin and Ub
... the peptides are then imported into the ER by the peptide transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) ...
... the peptides are then imported into the ER by the peptide transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) ...
Adrenergic Transmission
... varicosity, which allows the entry of Ca2+ through voltagedependent Ca2+ channels. Elevated [Ca2+]in promotes fusion of the vesicular membrane with the cell membrane, and exocytosis of the transmitters occurs. This fusion process involves the interaction of specialized proteins associated with the v ...
... varicosity, which allows the entry of Ca2+ through voltagedependent Ca2+ channels. Elevated [Ca2+]in promotes fusion of the vesicular membrane with the cell membrane, and exocytosis of the transmitters occurs. This fusion process involves the interaction of specialized proteins associated with the v ...
Researchers Are First To Simulate The Binding Of Molecules To A
... Researchers have for the first time simulated the binding of ADP to a carrier protein lodged in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion. It is the first simulation of the binding of a molecule to a protein. As its name indicates, ATP contains three phosphate groups. The energy produced when one of t ...
... Researchers have for the first time simulated the binding of ADP to a carrier protein lodged in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion. It is the first simulation of the binding of a molecule to a protein. As its name indicates, ATP contains three phosphate groups. The energy produced when one of t ...
Sample Preparation I (Protein Purification)
... Signal Proteins are post-translationally modified, in low abundance and most copies of the protein will NOT have the signal on it. strategy: look for phosphorylations or nitrations on 2D, or use ProQ or nitro-tyrosine antibodies on 2D or western blot Nuclear Proteins locate to the nucleus. A large p ...
... Signal Proteins are post-translationally modified, in low abundance and most copies of the protein will NOT have the signal on it. strategy: look for phosphorylations or nitrations on 2D, or use ProQ or nitro-tyrosine antibodies on 2D or western blot Nuclear Proteins locate to the nucleus. A large p ...
Pharmacology 34: Bacterial and Mycobacterial Infections (Cell Wall
... Murein chains cross-linked by transpeptidases (TPs) aka penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) Activation step -> TP attacks D-Ala-D-Ala amide bond on glycan polymer (releasing alanine) Coupling step -> free amino group (Gram-positive) or DAP (Gram-negative) attacks intermediate = new amide bond cross-l ...
... Murein chains cross-linked by transpeptidases (TPs) aka penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) Activation step -> TP attacks D-Ala-D-Ala amide bond on glycan polymer (releasing alanine) Coupling step -> free amino group (Gram-positive) or DAP (Gram-negative) attacks intermediate = new amide bond cross-l ...
NAD - wwphs
... Acetyl CoA enters mitochondria matrix and reacts with oxaloacetate Citrate (aka citric acid cycle) A series of reactions will yield oxaloacetate again (aka cycle) Each pyruvate makes 3 NADH, 1FADH2, 1ATP, 2 CO2 How many per glucose? ...
... Acetyl CoA enters mitochondria matrix and reacts with oxaloacetate Citrate (aka citric acid cycle) A series of reactions will yield oxaloacetate again (aka cycle) Each pyruvate makes 3 NADH, 1FADH2, 1ATP, 2 CO2 How many per glucose? ...
Cellular respiration
... Although there is a theoretical yield of 38 ATP molecules per glucose during cellular respiration, such conditions are generally not realized due to losses such as the cost of moving pyruvate (from glycolysis), phosphate, and ADP (substrates for ATP synthesis) into the mitochondria. All are actively ...
... Although there is a theoretical yield of 38 ATP molecules per glucose during cellular respiration, such conditions are generally not realized due to losses such as the cost of moving pyruvate (from glycolysis), phosphate, and ADP (substrates for ATP synthesis) into the mitochondria. All are actively ...
Transcription- and translation-dependent changes in membrane
... Q 1999 Blackwell Science Ltd, Molecular Microbiology, 32, 1173–1182 ...
... Q 1999 Blackwell Science Ltd, Molecular Microbiology, 32, 1173–1182 ...
Cellular Respiration
... Cellular respiration is the oxidative, chemical attack on energy-rich molecules to provide useful energy for the cell. Enzymes catalyze the oxidation reactions. These reactions are known as catabolic reactions because they break molecules down to release energy. Anaerobic respiration The first part ...
... Cellular respiration is the oxidative, chemical attack on energy-rich molecules to provide useful energy for the cell. Enzymes catalyze the oxidation reactions. These reactions are known as catabolic reactions because they break molecules down to release energy. Anaerobic respiration The first part ...
Exam 3 Quarter 2 Review Sheet
... process of photosynthesis that leads to the formation of a glucose AND an amino acid. Make sure you discuss the energy of the electrons as they are passed along. (The following terms must be included BUT WILL NOT BE AVAILABLE ON TEST DAY: ETC, chemiosmosis, photophosphorylation, concentration gradie ...
... process of photosynthesis that leads to the formation of a glucose AND an amino acid. Make sure you discuss the energy of the electrons as they are passed along. (The following terms must be included BUT WILL NOT BE AVAILABLE ON TEST DAY: ETC, chemiosmosis, photophosphorylation, concentration gradie ...
Folds
... when the anion and cation have similar affinities for H2O they are able to remove H2O from each other most easily, to become ion-paired. A small ion of high charge density plus a large counter-ion of low charge density forms a highly soluble, solvent-separated hydrated but clustered ion pair as the ...
... when the anion and cation have similar affinities for H2O they are able to remove H2O from each other most easily, to become ion-paired. A small ion of high charge density plus a large counter-ion of low charge density forms a highly soluble, solvent-separated hydrated but clustered ion pair as the ...
Key To Problem Set 3R
... the membrane of the ER; (ii) The protein will go in vesicles from the ER to the cis Golgi and from the trans Golgi to the membrane. Therefore the last vesicles to get newly made molecules will be vesicles that bud from the trans Golgi; (iii) Domain X will be inside the lumen of the vesicle. For full ...
... the membrane of the ER; (ii) The protein will go in vesicles from the ER to the cis Golgi and from the trans Golgi to the membrane. Therefore the last vesicles to get newly made molecules will be vesicles that bud from the trans Golgi; (iii) Domain X will be inside the lumen of the vesicle. For full ...
Final Review - Department of Chemistry ::: CALTECH
... electron from ground state to a higher orbital, in an all-or-none fashion. An "excited state" pigment is produced, with a higher energy level than the ground state pigment, but this excited state is very short-lived, about a billionth of a second. Conversion of light energy to chemical energy Light ...
... electron from ground state to a higher orbital, in an all-or-none fashion. An "excited state" pigment is produced, with a higher energy level than the ground state pigment, but this excited state is very short-lived, about a billionth of a second. Conversion of light energy to chemical energy Light ...
Projection Structure of a Plant Vacuole Membrane Aquaporin by
... hydrophobic transmembrane domains and an AsnPro-Ala consensus sequence (often termed the ``NPA box''), which is duplicated between the two halves of the protein. Many proteins of the MIP family form channels for small, generally non-ionic solutes. Aquaporins (AQPs) are a subset of these, the term be ...
... hydrophobic transmembrane domains and an AsnPro-Ala consensus sequence (often termed the ``NPA box''), which is duplicated between the two halves of the protein. Many proteins of the MIP family form channels for small, generally non-ionic solutes. Aquaporins (AQPs) are a subset of these, the term be ...
Notes CH 7 - Haiku Learning
... E. Electron transport chain 1. Electron transport chain: most of the ATP is made, oxygen is needed, and occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane and cristae membranes of the mitochondria 2. Molecules are embedded in the membranes that are easily oxidized and reduced 3. Electrons (energy) carriers ...
... E. Electron transport chain 1. Electron transport chain: most of the ATP is made, oxygen is needed, and occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane and cristae membranes of the mitochondria 2. Molecules are embedded in the membranes that are easily oxidized and reduced 3. Electrons (energy) carriers ...
Key Terms
... of pyruvic acid molecules to carbon dioxide, releasing more energy in the process. The enzymes for the Krebs cycle are dissolved in the fluid matrix within a mitchondrion's inner membrane. Recall that glycolysis takes place outside the mitochondrion and produces two pyruvic acid molecules. These pyr ...
... of pyruvic acid molecules to carbon dioxide, releasing more energy in the process. The enzymes for the Krebs cycle are dissolved in the fluid matrix within a mitchondrion's inner membrane. Recall that glycolysis takes place outside the mitochondrion and produces two pyruvic acid molecules. These pyr ...
Strategies to maintain redox homeostasis during photosynthesis
... stabilize the redox poise in the electron transport chains and modulate light-use efficiency. Mechanisms that demonstrate the high flexibility of electron transfer and the concomitant formation of a proton motive force have been summarized recently, showing the multiple ways that each of these proce ...
... stabilize the redox poise in the electron transport chains and modulate light-use efficiency. Mechanisms that demonstrate the high flexibility of electron transfer and the concomitant formation of a proton motive force have been summarized recently, showing the multiple ways that each of these proce ...
CHAPTER 6
... Membrane transport is for one direction. Hormone interactions and immunological reactions are at the outside surface of cells. • Transverse asymmetry of proteins – Mark Bretscher showed that N-terminus of glycophorin is extracellular whereas C-terminus is intracellular. (Fig 9.14) • Transverse asymm ...
... Membrane transport is for one direction. Hormone interactions and immunological reactions are at the outside surface of cells. • Transverse asymmetry of proteins – Mark Bretscher showed that N-terminus of glycophorin is extracellular whereas C-terminus is intracellular. (Fig 9.14) • Transverse asymm ...
2 ATP
... ATP is called free energy because it is available to do any type of work needed in our cells called Kinetic Energy (energy available for work) The amount of energy released is measure in calories or ...
... ATP is called free energy because it is available to do any type of work needed in our cells called Kinetic Energy (energy available for work) The amount of energy released is measure in calories or ...
Thylakoid
A thylakoid is a membrane-bound compartment inside chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. They are the site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. Thylakoids consist of a thylakoid membrane surrounding a thylakoid lumen. Chloroplast thylakoids frequently form stacks of disks referred to as grana (singular: granum). Grana are connected by intergranal or stroma thylakoids, which join granum stacks together as a single functional compartment.