Chapter 6
... respiration and removes CO2 Respiration, as it relates to breathing, and cellular respiration are not the same. – Respiration, in the breathing sense, refers to an exchange of gases. Usually an organism brings in oxygen from the environment and releases waste CO2. – Cellular respiration is the aer ...
... respiration and removes CO2 Respiration, as it relates to breathing, and cellular respiration are not the same. – Respiration, in the breathing sense, refers to an exchange of gases. Usually an organism brings in oxygen from the environment and releases waste CO2. – Cellular respiration is the aer ...
Citric acid cycle
... ATP synthesis • Glycolysis and the citric acid cycle produce only 4 ATP molecules per glucose, all by substrate-level phosphorylation: 2 net ATP from glycolysis and 2 ATP from the citric acid cycle. • NADH and FADH2 – Donate electrons to the electron transport chain, which powers ATP synthesis via o ...
... ATP synthesis • Glycolysis and the citric acid cycle produce only 4 ATP molecules per glucose, all by substrate-level phosphorylation: 2 net ATP from glycolysis and 2 ATP from the citric acid cycle. • NADH and FADH2 – Donate electrons to the electron transport chain, which powers ATP synthesis via o ...
CELLULAR RESPIRATION: AEROBIC HARVESTING OF ENERGY
... ATP is formed in glycolysis by substrate-level phosphorylation during which – an enzyme transfers a phosphate group from a substrate molecule to ADP and ...
... ATP is formed in glycolysis by substrate-level phosphorylation during which – an enzyme transfers a phosphate group from a substrate molecule to ADP and ...
LIPID MOBILIZATION
... Activation via Acyl CoA synthetase (make Fatty Acyl CoA) Carnitine Fatty acyl transfer via CAT I and CPT I Acyl carnitine is transported across mito membrane Acyl carnitine is converted to Acyl CoA + carnitine by CATII/CPTII (in the inner surface of the membrane) ...
... Activation via Acyl CoA synthetase (make Fatty Acyl CoA) Carnitine Fatty acyl transfer via CAT I and CPT I Acyl carnitine is transported across mito membrane Acyl carnitine is converted to Acyl CoA + carnitine by CATII/CPTII (in the inner surface of the membrane) ...
Strategy for Nonenveloped Virus Entry
... partially uncoated, but still large (⬃70-nm), particle with active transcriptases for viral mRNA synthesis directly into the cytoplasm. This process is likely initiated by a particle form that resembles infectious subvirion particles (ISVPs), disassembly intermediates produced from virions by proteo ...
... partially uncoated, but still large (⬃70-nm), particle with active transcriptases for viral mRNA synthesis directly into the cytoplasm. This process is likely initiated by a particle form that resembles infectious subvirion particles (ISVPs), disassembly intermediates produced from virions by proteo ...
Recovery of lactic acid from sodium lactate by ion substitution using
... which is a kind of bipolar ion-exchange membrane having a parallel arrangement of cationand anion-exchange domains. They found that such a membrane arrangement significantly reduced the amino acid loss compared to conventional electrodialysis. However about 8% glutamic acid was lost for a 97% of sal ...
... which is a kind of bipolar ion-exchange membrane having a parallel arrangement of cationand anion-exchange domains. They found that such a membrane arrangement significantly reduced the amino acid loss compared to conventional electrodialysis. However about 8% glutamic acid was lost for a 97% of sal ...
8.3 What Happens During Cellular Respiration?
... oxygen is absent (continued) – Under anaerobic conditions, with no oxygen to allow the ETC to function, the cell must regenerate the NAD for glycolysis using fermentation – Under aerobic (with oxygen) conditions, NADH donates its high-energy electrons and hydrogen produced in glycolysis to ATP-gene ...
... oxygen is absent (continued) – Under anaerobic conditions, with no oxygen to allow the ETC to function, the cell must regenerate the NAD for glycolysis using fermentation – Under aerobic (with oxygen) conditions, NADH donates its high-energy electrons and hydrogen produced in glycolysis to ATP-gene ...
The inner ear
... It is an infection of skin by staphylococci and most commonly occur in young children,it involve the auricle and sometime the head and neck and face but it dose not into the external auditory meatus. Vesicle filled with serum arise on a reddish-purple base. It may be secondary to the otorrhea of mid ...
... It is an infection of skin by staphylococci and most commonly occur in young children,it involve the auricle and sometime the head and neck and face but it dose not into the external auditory meatus. Vesicle filled with serum arise on a reddish-purple base. It may be secondary to the otorrhea of mid ...
pdf file - John Innes Centre
... Downloaded from www.jbc.org at JOHN INNES CENTRE LIBRARY, on October 22, 2010 ...
... Downloaded from www.jbc.org at JOHN INNES CENTRE LIBRARY, on October 22, 2010 ...
Campbell`s Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 9 Cellular Respiration
... Topic: Concept 9.2 Skill: Synthesis/Evaluation 22) Which kind of metabolic poison would most directly interfere with glycolysis? A) an agent that reacts with oxygen and depletes its concentration in the cell B) an agent that binds to pyruvate and inactivates it C) an agent that closely mimics the st ...
... Topic: Concept 9.2 Skill: Synthesis/Evaluation 22) Which kind of metabolic poison would most directly interfere with glycolysis? A) an agent that reacts with oxygen and depletes its concentration in the cell B) an agent that binds to pyruvate and inactivates it C) an agent that closely mimics the st ...
Key area 2 * Cellular respiration
... The chemistry of respiration There are 3 sets of reactions in cellular respiration that release the energy contained in food, by oxidation. 1. Glycolysis 2. The citric acid cycle 3. The electron transport chain ...
... The chemistry of respiration There are 3 sets of reactions in cellular respiration that release the energy contained in food, by oxidation. 1. Glycolysis 2. The citric acid cycle 3. The electron transport chain ...
FTIR spectroelectrochemistry combined with a light
... when the Mn4 CaO5 cluster is inactivated, the electron on the quinone electron acceptors is thermally relaxed by direct recombination with P680+ [10,26,32,54,65,66]. However, the effect of inactivation of the Mn4 CaO5 cluster on the Em of QB in addition to its absolute value in intact PSII was still ...
... when the Mn4 CaO5 cluster is inactivated, the electron on the quinone electron acceptors is thermally relaxed by direct recombination with P680+ [10,26,32,54,65,66]. However, the effect of inactivation of the Mn4 CaO5 cluster on the Em of QB in addition to its absolute value in intact PSII was still ...
GPCR–G fusion proteins
... The b2AR coupled to GsaL, but not the b2AR coupled to GsaS possesses the properties of a constitutively active GPCR. These differences can be explained by the lower GDPaffinity of GsaL compared to the GDP-affinity of GsaS, i.e. GsaL is more often GDP-free than GsaS and, therefore, more often availab ...
... The b2AR coupled to GsaL, but not the b2AR coupled to GsaS possesses the properties of a constitutively active GPCR. These differences can be explained by the lower GDPaffinity of GsaL compared to the GDP-affinity of GsaS, i.e. GsaL is more often GDP-free than GsaS and, therefore, more often availab ...
energy for
... ATP, FADH, and NADH. 5. In summary, the C2 acetyl is split and the energy released is trapped in ATP, FADH, and 3 NADH. (this occurs for EACH of the 2 pyruvates from the initial ...
... ATP, FADH, and NADH. 5. In summary, the C2 acetyl is split and the energy released is trapped in ATP, FADH, and 3 NADH. (this occurs for EACH of the 2 pyruvates from the initial ...
TAP(Tandem Affinity Purification)
... Other techniques may be used to understand the function of these proteins A more complete understanding of the proteomes can hopefully be developed ...
... Other techniques may be used to understand the function of these proteins A more complete understanding of the proteomes can hopefully be developed ...
Unit 4 Notes
... lactate and the regeneration of NAD in anaerobic respiration. Photosynthesis The light-independent and light-dependent reactions in a typical C3 plant. • The light-dependent reaction in such detail as to show that: light energy excites electrons in chlorophyll; energy from these excited electrons ge ...
... lactate and the regeneration of NAD in anaerobic respiration. Photosynthesis The light-independent and light-dependent reactions in a typical C3 plant. • The light-dependent reaction in such detail as to show that: light energy excites electrons in chlorophyll; energy from these excited electrons ge ...
Chapter 9: Pathways that Harvest Chemical
... chemical fuel is the sugar glucose (C6H12O6). Other molecules, including other carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, can also supply energy. However, to release their energy they must be converted into glucose or intermediate compounds that can enter into the various pathways of glucose metabolism. In ...
... chemical fuel is the sugar glucose (C6H12O6). Other molecules, including other carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, can also supply energy. However, to release their energy they must be converted into glucose or intermediate compounds that can enter into the various pathways of glucose metabolism. In ...
Cellular Respiration and Fermentation
... respiration enable cells to produce ATP without the use of oxygen Most cellular respiration requires O2 to produce ATP Without O2, the electron transport chain will cease to operate In that case, glycolysis couples with anaerobic respiration or fermentation to produce ATP ...
... respiration enable cells to produce ATP without the use of oxygen Most cellular respiration requires O2 to produce ATP Without O2, the electron transport chain will cease to operate In that case, glycolysis couples with anaerobic respiration or fermentation to produce ATP ...
Cellular Respiration and Fermentation
... Following glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, NADH and FADH2 account for most of the energy extracted from food These two electron carriers donate electrons to the electron transport chain, which powers ATP synthesis via oxidative phosphorylation ...
... Following glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, NADH and FADH2 account for most of the energy extracted from food These two electron carriers donate electrons to the electron transport chain, which powers ATP synthesis via oxidative phosphorylation ...
Cellular Respiration - McGraw Hill Higher Education
... mitochondrion. Each 2-carbon acetyl group matches up with a 4-carbon molecule, forming two 6-carbon citrate molecules. As citrate bonds are broken and oxidation occurs, NADH and FADH2 are formed, and two CO2 per citrate are released. The citric acid cycle is able to produce one ATP per turn. Because ...
... mitochondrion. Each 2-carbon acetyl group matches up with a 4-carbon molecule, forming two 6-carbon citrate molecules. As citrate bonds are broken and oxidation occurs, NADH and FADH2 are formed, and two CO2 per citrate are released. The citric acid cycle is able to produce one ATP per turn. Because ...
Thylakoid
A thylakoid is a membrane-bound compartment inside chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. They are the site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. Thylakoids consist of a thylakoid membrane surrounding a thylakoid lumen. Chloroplast thylakoids frequently form stacks of disks referred to as grana (singular: granum). Grana are connected by intergranal or stroma thylakoids, which join granum stacks together as a single functional compartment.