Photosynthesis
... rate of photosynthesis initially increases and then levels off to a plateau Temperature - Only the dark, not the light reactions are temperature dependent because of the enzymes they use (25 oC to 37oC) Length of day Increasing the amount of carbon dioxide available improves the photosynthesis rate ...
... rate of photosynthesis initially increases and then levels off to a plateau Temperature - Only the dark, not the light reactions are temperature dependent because of the enzymes they use (25 oC to 37oC) Length of day Increasing the amount of carbon dioxide available improves the photosynthesis rate ...
Insights into structure of Golgi apparatus
... attractive intermembrane potential, we study stacks of lipid vesicles as models of the Golgi apparatus. By minimizing the energy of the stack at fixed total membrane area and volume, we allow the cisternae that form the apparatus to exchange their area and volume so as to adjust their individual sha ...
... attractive intermembrane potential, we study stacks of lipid vesicles as models of the Golgi apparatus. By minimizing the energy of the stack at fixed total membrane area and volume, we allow the cisternae that form the apparatus to exchange their area and volume so as to adjust their individual sha ...
Gene7-08
... nuclear membrane, and are responsible for all transport of protein into the nucleus and RNA out of the nucleus. 6. Proteins that are actively transported into the nucleus require specific NLS sequences, which are short, but do not seem to share common features except for their basicity. 7. Proteins ...
... nuclear membrane, and are responsible for all transport of protein into the nucleus and RNA out of the nucleus. 6. Proteins that are actively transported into the nucleus require specific NLS sequences, which are short, but do not seem to share common features except for their basicity. 7. Proteins ...
3 - Dr. Jerry Cronin
... A membrane protein exposed to the outside of the cell may have a binding site with a specific shape that fits the shape of a chemical messenger, such as a hormone. The external signal may cause a change in shape in the protein that initiates a chain of chemical reactions in the cell. ...
... A membrane protein exposed to the outside of the cell may have a binding site with a specific shape that fits the shape of a chemical messenger, such as a hormone. The external signal may cause a change in shape in the protein that initiates a chain of chemical reactions in the cell. ...
PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX
... - Mitochondria have a TWO membrane system • Outer Membrane: Permeable to small molecules • Inner Membrane: NOT permeable – Has specific integral membrane protein transporters • Region between the two membranes = intermembrane space • Inner membrane is highly folded and forms boundary to fluid filled ...
... - Mitochondria have a TWO membrane system • Outer Membrane: Permeable to small molecules • Inner Membrane: NOT permeable – Has specific integral membrane protein transporters • Region between the two membranes = intermembrane space • Inner membrane is highly folded and forms boundary to fluid filled ...
AP Biology Discussion Notes
... Overview: Life Is Work • Living cells require energy from outside sources • Some animals, such as the chimpanzee, obtain energy by eating plants, and some animals feed on other organisms that eat plants ...
... Overview: Life Is Work • Living cells require energy from outside sources • Some animals, such as the chimpanzee, obtain energy by eating plants, and some animals feed on other organisms that eat plants ...
Cell membrane
... • Many transport proteins simply provide corridors allowing a specific molecule or ion to cross the membrane. – These channel proteins allow fast transport. – For example, water channel proteins, aquaprorins, facilitate massive amounts of diffusion. • Some channel proteins, gated channels, open or ...
... • Many transport proteins simply provide corridors allowing a specific molecule or ion to cross the membrane. – These channel proteins allow fast transport. – For example, water channel proteins, aquaprorins, facilitate massive amounts of diffusion. • Some channel proteins, gated channels, open or ...
Performance of a Biological Process in Membrane Bioreactor for
... the structure of the flocs and of the ratio between free suspended and aggregated cells could be observed. The sludge samples are characterized by regular formed flocs of different size range, which varied from 59 µm to 796 µm. Mean value floc size of 14 days were 225 µm. Most of the flocs were firm ...
... the structure of the flocs and of the ratio between free suspended and aggregated cells could be observed. The sludge samples are characterized by regular formed flocs of different size range, which varied from 59 µm to 796 µm. Mean value floc size of 14 days were 225 µm. Most of the flocs were firm ...
OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION
... 1 FADH2 = 2 ATP Chemiosmotic Hypothesis of Electron Transport coupled to ADP Phosphorylation ▬ “Mitchell Hypothesis” Features: • Protons transported from the matrix to the inner mitochondrial space results in an electric gradient and a pH gradient • As the protons flow through the membrane channel b ...
... 1 FADH2 = 2 ATP Chemiosmotic Hypothesis of Electron Transport coupled to ADP Phosphorylation ▬ “Mitchell Hypothesis” Features: • Protons transported from the matrix to the inner mitochondrial space results in an electric gradient and a pH gradient • As the protons flow through the membrane channel b ...
Transmembrane Transport of Ions and Small Molecules
... • Cellular membranes regulate the traffic of molecules and ions into and out of cells and their organelles. • The simple diffusion rate of substance movement across the phospholipid part of a membrane is proportional to its concentration gradient and hydrophobicity. • Most molecules, except O2 and C ...
... • Cellular membranes regulate the traffic of molecules and ions into and out of cells and their organelles. • The simple diffusion rate of substance movement across the phospholipid part of a membrane is proportional to its concentration gradient and hydrophobicity. • Most molecules, except O2 and C ...
Section 1 Workbook
... Golgi body surrounded by vesicles 5) State the balanced chemical equation for cellular respiration and explain the significance of the mitochondria in this process. C6H12O6 + 6O2 ⇒ 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP - Cellular respiration occurs in the cristae of the mitochondrion ...
... Golgi body surrounded by vesicles 5) State the balanced chemical equation for cellular respiration and explain the significance of the mitochondria in this process. C6H12O6 + 6O2 ⇒ 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP - Cellular respiration occurs in the cristae of the mitochondrion ...
Microsoft PowerPoint - plasma membrane notes
... – Many have branching sugar chains (polysaccharides) extending out from their surface. – These polysaccharides mark the cell, like identification. – The sugar covering is called glycocalyx ...
... – Many have branching sugar chains (polysaccharides) extending out from their surface. – These polysaccharides mark the cell, like identification. – The sugar covering is called glycocalyx ...
5/20-microscope
... digests lipids (fats) and membrane proteins; smooth ER buds off from rough ER, moving the newly-made proteins and lipids to the Golgi body and membranes stroma - part of the chloroplasts in plant cells, located within the inner membrane of chloroplasts, between the grana. thylakoid disk - thylakoid ...
... digests lipids (fats) and membrane proteins; smooth ER buds off from rough ER, moving the newly-made proteins and lipids to the Golgi body and membranes stroma - part of the chloroplasts in plant cells, located within the inner membrane of chloroplasts, between the grana. thylakoid disk - thylakoid ...
Physiology is an Integrated Science
... increase the rate of reaction specific for one reaction – due to their specific shape 3D active site a cell’s functions are based on its “active” enzymes enzymes require optimum temperature enzymes require optimum pH ...
... increase the rate of reaction specific for one reaction – due to their specific shape 3D active site a cell’s functions are based on its “active” enzymes enzymes require optimum temperature enzymes require optimum pH ...
Chemiosmotic theory of oxidative phosphorylation. Inhibitors
... reaction driven by movement of H+ across the inner membrane into the matrix ...
... reaction driven by movement of H+ across the inner membrane into the matrix ...
source document - Enhanced Autoradiography
... (2) EA Biotech Ltd., Unit 4, Strathclyde Business Centre, 416 Hamilton Road, Flemington G72 7XR, Scotland, UK. ...
... (2) EA Biotech Ltd., Unit 4, Strathclyde Business Centre, 416 Hamilton Road, Flemington G72 7XR, Scotland, UK. ...
RER - Botanik in Bonn
... • Pen E J , Heinlein M: Cortical microtubule-associated ER sites: organization centers of cell polarity and communication. Curr Opin ...
... • Pen E J , Heinlein M: Cortical microtubule-associated ER sites: organization centers of cell polarity and communication. Curr Opin ...
AP Biology Chapter Questions – Campbell 7th Edition
... 29. Explain how the extracellular matrix may act to integrate changes inside and outside the cell. 30. Name the intercellular junctions found in plant and animal cells and list the function of each type of junction. ...
... 29. Explain how the extracellular matrix may act to integrate changes inside and outside the cell. 30. Name the intercellular junctions found in plant and animal cells and list the function of each type of junction. ...
K + channel
... inside cells cell’s characteristic reactions - Ex> GLUT(glucose transporter) have 5 homologs. In case of GLUT3 of high affinity for glucose, expressed only on neurons and a few other cell types. When glucose is present at low concentration, first call on glucose. ...
... inside cells cell’s characteristic reactions - Ex> GLUT(glucose transporter) have 5 homologs. In case of GLUT3 of high affinity for glucose, expressed only on neurons and a few other cell types. When glucose is present at low concentration, first call on glucose. ...
Membrane Transport Animations
... Facilitated Diffusion 13. Facilitated diffusion is the _passive transport _______ of molecules down a concentration gradient with the aid of _special(ized) transport proteins_______________________. 14. Does facilitated diffusion require the use of energy (ATP)? NO (What is ATP?) 15. List the charac ...
... Facilitated Diffusion 13. Facilitated diffusion is the _passive transport _______ of molecules down a concentration gradient with the aid of _special(ized) transport proteins_______________________. 14. Does facilitated diffusion require the use of energy (ATP)? NO (What is ATP?) 15. List the charac ...
Metabolic Processes Unit Objectives
... I can explain the concepts of metabolic rate, lactate threshold, and VO2 max. ...
... I can explain the concepts of metabolic rate, lactate threshold, and VO2 max. ...
Chapters 9-10 practice qui
... a and the action spectrum for photosynthesis? a. Not all wavelengths are equally effective for photosynthesis. b. There must be accessory pigments that broaden the spectrum of light that contributes energy for photosynthesis. c. The red and blue areas of the spectrum are most effective in driving ph ...
... a and the action spectrum for photosynthesis? a. Not all wavelengths are equally effective for photosynthesis. b. There must be accessory pigments that broaden the spectrum of light that contributes energy for photosynthesis. c. The red and blue areas of the spectrum are most effective in driving ph ...
Chp. 8
... Identify which stages of cellular respiration (glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and electron transport chain) utilize each type of phosphorylation. ...
... Identify which stages of cellular respiration (glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and electron transport chain) utilize each type of phosphorylation. ...
Thylakoid
A thylakoid is a membrane-bound compartment inside chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. They are the site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. Thylakoids consist of a thylakoid membrane surrounding a thylakoid lumen. Chloroplast thylakoids frequently form stacks of disks referred to as grana (singular: granum). Grana are connected by intergranal or stroma thylakoids, which join granum stacks together as a single functional compartment.