The labour market impact of immigration
... This very straightforward mechanism is the basis for much of the concern about the potential detrimental impact of immigration on native wages. Note that by construction, in the model described so far, there is no effect of immigration on native employment since we assumed that natives (as well as i ...
... This very straightforward mechanism is the basis for much of the concern about the potential detrimental impact of immigration on native wages. Note that by construction, in the model described so far, there is no effect of immigration on native employment since we assumed that natives (as well as i ...
Globalisation, Jobs and Wages
... employment and earnings more responsive to changing business conditions. In particular, firms which have established international production networks may find it particularly easy to reallocate jobs across international borders in response to changes in relative wages in different countries. This c ...
... employment and earnings more responsive to changing business conditions. In particular, firms which have established international production networks may find it particularly easy to reallocate jobs across international borders in response to changes in relative wages in different countries. This c ...
Summary of the White Paper on Manufacturing Industries
... of sales networks. The main competitors for Japanese companies in emerging markets are companies from China, South Korea and Taiwan, which are increasing their roles. At the same time, competition among Japanese companies is still going on while overseas companies are raising their competitiveness t ...
... of sales networks. The main competitors for Japanese companies in emerging markets are companies from China, South Korea and Taiwan, which are increasing their roles. At the same time, competition among Japanese companies is still going on while overseas companies are raising their competitiveness t ...
On the Dynamics of Profit – and Wage
... may not matter in determining the stability of this profit- led regime depending on the ratio of the relative speeds of adjustment. The higher (lower) is the ratio, implying faster (slower) speed of adjustment of capacity utilization relative to that of income distribution, the more (less) likely is ...
... may not matter in determining the stability of this profit- led regime depending on the ratio of the relative speeds of adjustment. The higher (lower) is the ratio, implying faster (slower) speed of adjustment of capacity utilization relative to that of income distribution, the more (less) likely is ...
Comparative Macroeconomic Frameworks
... Visions and Frameworks Keynes’s vision of the economy suggests a circular-flow framework—in which earning and spending are brought into balance by changes in the level of employment. Graphically, the circular flow appears as the Keynesian cross, the cross’s intersection identifying the particular s ...
... Visions and Frameworks Keynes’s vision of the economy suggests a circular-flow framework—in which earning and spending are brought into balance by changes in the level of employment. Graphically, the circular flow appears as the Keynesian cross, the cross’s intersection identifying the particular s ...
Cobb-Douglas Production Function
... While the assumption of a constant labor share is necessary for the use of the Cobb-Douglas production function method, the abstraction from the labor share movement over time ((and across countries, as in (Denis et al., 2006), for instance)) may be debatable. In particular, it may seem that the ass ...
... While the assumption of a constant labor share is necessary for the use of the Cobb-Douglas production function method, the abstraction from the labor share movement over time ((and across countries, as in (Denis et al., 2006), for instance)) may be debatable. In particular, it may seem that the ass ...
social security`s financial outlook
... taxable payrolls – virtually unchanged from last year – and the Old-Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program trust funds continue to be scheduled for exhaustion in 2034. Largely because of the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015, the life of the DI trust fund has been extended by seven year ...
... taxable payrolls – virtually unchanged from last year – and the Old-Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program trust funds continue to be scheduled for exhaustion in 2034. Largely because of the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015, the life of the DI trust fund has been extended by seven year ...
Chapter 6 Jobs and Unemployment 1) After graduating from college
... iv. discouraged workers. A) i and ii B) i and iii C) ii and iii D) i, ii, and iii E) i, ii, iii, and iv Answer: D 17) Job losers are people who A) voluntarily leave their jobs for other jobs. B) are laid off either permanently or temporarily. C) have just completed school and are entering the job ma ...
... iv. discouraged workers. A) i and ii B) i and iii C) ii and iii D) i, ii, and iii E) i, ii, iii, and iv Answer: D 17) Job losers are people who A) voluntarily leave their jobs for other jobs. B) are laid off either permanently or temporarily. C) have just completed school and are entering the job ma ...
the benefit system - Ministry of Social Development
... remedies being tried. In virtually all developed countries unemployment levels rose, and the numbers on unemployment and other benefits mushroomed. The varying explanations for the growth slowdown picked up elements of the economic debate which accompanied the economic depression of the 1930s. At th ...
... remedies being tried. In virtually all developed countries unemployment levels rose, and the numbers on unemployment and other benefits mushroomed. The varying explanations for the growth slowdown picked up elements of the economic debate which accompanied the economic depression of the 1930s. At th ...
Wage-led Growth: Concept, Theories and Policies. w
... • One has to distinguish between the policies that are being pursued in a country to promote a certain kind of growth regime; • And the economic growth regime that this country is actually into, and hence how the economy will react to the policies being put forward. ...
... • One has to distinguish between the policies that are being pursued in a country to promote a certain kind of growth regime; • And the economic growth regime that this country is actually into, and hence how the economy will react to the policies being put forward. ...
Labor Market and Unemployment
... The official statistics for unemployment do not include the full range of individuals who would like to participate fully in the labor market. – Individuals who want to work, have searched for work in the prior year, but are not currently looking for work because they believe they won’t be able to f ...
... The official statistics for unemployment do not include the full range of individuals who would like to participate fully in the labor market. – Individuals who want to work, have searched for work in the prior year, but are not currently looking for work because they believe they won’t be able to f ...
For U.S. Economic Growth, Two Percent is the New Three
... The aging of the baby-boom generation is a potent force, but at least one that is relatively easy to predict. Productivity growth is less foreseeable. In fact, productivity has been one of the more disappointing elements of the economic outlook over the past several years. When we consider the accur ...
... The aging of the baby-boom generation is a potent force, but at least one that is relatively easy to predict. Productivity growth is less foreseeable. In fact, productivity has been one of the more disappointing elements of the economic outlook over the past several years. When we consider the accur ...
Crises and Joint Employment-Productivity Dynamics: A
... 0 These reactions are not like in the past. ...
... 0 These reactions are not like in the past. ...
Security Scenarios And The Global Economy
... • Still, we do need to maintain an industrial presence, but not for many of the obvious reasons • Companies often locate research and development facilities – with high paying jobs near their manufacturing facilities • In addition to jobs R&D yields high-value intellectual property that spills over ...
... • Still, we do need to maintain an industrial presence, but not for many of the obvious reasons • Companies often locate research and development facilities – with high paying jobs near their manufacturing facilities • In addition to jobs R&D yields high-value intellectual property that spills over ...
Unemployment
... Bigger pool of surplus labor is available – but still a problem if there is plenty of structural unemployment Less pressure to pay higher wages Less risk of industrial / strike action – fear of job losses – leading to reduced trade ...
... Bigger pool of surplus labor is available – but still a problem if there is plenty of structural unemployment Less pressure to pay higher wages Less risk of industrial / strike action – fear of job losses – leading to reduced trade ...
Document
... So manufacturers (others) plan to invest UK: Manufacturing profitability expectations and investment intentions, % balance ...
... So manufacturers (others) plan to invest UK: Manufacturing profitability expectations and investment intentions, % balance ...
2 The Logic of the Malthusian Economy
... incomes where birth rates equal death rates. Suppose population starts at an arbitrary initial population: N0 in the diagram. This will imply an initial income: y0. Since y0 exceeds the subsistence income, births exceed deaths and population grows. As it grows, income declines. As long as the income ...
... incomes where birth rates equal death rates. Suppose population starts at an arbitrary initial population: N0 in the diagram. This will imply an initial income: y0. Since y0 exceeds the subsistence income, births exceed deaths and population grows. As it grows, income declines. As long as the income ...
Document
... The Economy in 2003: Crisis and Challenges Beyond the May 2004 Elections IBON Yearend 2003 Birdtalk January 12, 2004 PSSC, Diliman, Quezon City ...
... The Economy in 2003: Crisis and Challenges Beyond the May 2004 Elections IBON Yearend 2003 Birdtalk January 12, 2004 PSSC, Diliman, Quezon City ...
PSST: Patterns of Sustainable Specialization and Trade
... background. Structural change is happening all the time, but it takes place gradually, so that structural unemployment is relatively low and relatively constant. It may not seem like a plausible source for what we call cyclical fluctuations in employment, particularly high levels of unemployment suc ...
... background. Structural change is happening all the time, but it takes place gradually, so that structural unemployment is relatively low and relatively constant. It may not seem like a plausible source for what we call cyclical fluctuations in employment, particularly high levels of unemployment suc ...
The productivity problem that pols ignore
... The two big questions about the productivity decline are: 1. Is it real? and 2. If so, how do we fix it? Some economists posit that with the shift to a more servicebased economy we simply don’t have good measures of productivity. Chad Syverson’s study, for example, argues: “Under this line of reas ...
... The two big questions about the productivity decline are: 1. Is it real? and 2. If so, how do we fix it? Some economists posit that with the shift to a more servicebased economy we simply don’t have good measures of productivity. Chad Syverson’s study, for example, argues: “Under this line of reas ...
Seven decades of wage changes (IS 932 A1)
... over the entire period, however. During the first two decades, the changes in real wages were quite small, while the next 30 years saw large gains. The rate of growth in real wages began to decline in the 1970s, the smallest increase since 1920 occurring between 1980 and 1990. The economic welfare o ...
... over the entire period, however. During the first two decades, the changes in real wages were quite small, while the next 30 years saw large gains. The rate of growth in real wages began to decline in the 1970s, the smallest increase since 1920 occurring between 1980 and 1990. The economic welfare o ...
Rethinking Inequality - Economic Society of Singapore
... the cities do not need to increase to attract more workers from the countryside. • But eventually, the economy will reach a turning point. The capitalist enclaves would reach so deeply into the country’s labour force that labour demand would outstrip supply. Beyond this point, wages in cities have t ...
... the cities do not need to increase to attract more workers from the countryside. • But eventually, the economy will reach a turning point. The capitalist enclaves would reach so deeply into the country’s labour force that labour demand would outstrip supply. Beyond this point, wages in cities have t ...
Social Security, Taxation, and Redistribution in Japan
... We will demonstrate below that the Japanese social security system has quite unintentionally evolved from a redistributive program designed to aid society’s most ‘‘deserving’’ poor (the aged) to a remarkably perverse redistributive program which transfers income from the financially strapped working ...
... We will demonstrate below that the Japanese social security system has quite unintentionally evolved from a redistributive program designed to aid society’s most ‘‘deserving’’ poor (the aged) to a remarkably perverse redistributive program which transfers income from the financially strapped working ...
a world market of opportunities? capitalist
... The Economist, has exulted in the transformation so that today - without even a hint of reflexive irony - the central political 'challenge is to help the global capital market to become more effective in encouraging good behaviour [by governments].'The 'shock therapy' strategy for integration into t ...
... The Economist, has exulted in the transformation so that today - without even a hint of reflexive irony - the central political 'challenge is to help the global capital market to become more effective in encouraging good behaviour [by governments].'The 'shock therapy' strategy for integration into t ...
Coordination of Economic and Employment Policies
... In the model of globalization, openness and deregulation –The market should adjust itself according to prices or quantities without intervention –The state should reduce the rigidity of the labour market so that it operates well and adapts to the dynamics of the economy –Unemployment was interpreted ...
... In the model of globalization, openness and deregulation –The market should adjust itself according to prices or quantities without intervention –The state should reduce the rigidity of the labour market so that it operates well and adapts to the dynamics of the economy –Unemployment was interpreted ...