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When are consumer loans collateralized in emerging markets
When are consumer loans collateralized in emerging markets

... an increasing demand of loans from the retail sector. Lending volumes have grown substantially since 1990 and although state owned enterprises are still the dominant users of credit, their share in bank credit fell from 86% in 1991-1992 to 58% in December 2005 due to growing loan demand from retail ...
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... Total consumer loans also presented a solid increase with an annual growth of 12%, ending the quarter with a stock of $3.8 trillion pesos. The middle and upper income segment drove this growth with a 14.7% YoY increase, while the lower income segment basically maintained loan volumes stable, growin ...
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Non-Owner-Occupancy Misrepresentation and Loan Default
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... To construct this measure we start with our base sample and consider only loans reported as owner-occupied properties to investors at the time of origination. This gives us a sample of 1,563,223 loans. We then take advantage of the mailing address zip code reported to Equifax to construct our measur ...
Satrix Top 40 Index Fund
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Timothy Plan High Yield Bond Fund Class I

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Lazard Emerging Markets Equity Portfolio

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Syndicated loan

A syndicated loan is one that is provided by a group of lenders and is structured, arranged, and administered by one or several commercial banks or investment banks known as lead arrangers.The syndicated loan market is the dominant way for corporations in the U.S. and Europe to top banks and other institutional financial capital providers for loans. The U.S. market originated with the large leveraged buyout loans of the mid-1980s, and Europe's market blossomed with the launch of the euro in 1999.At the most basic level, arrangers serve the investment-banking role of raising investor funding for an issuer in need of capital. The issuer pays the arranger a fee for this service, and this fee increases with the complexity and risk factors of the loan. As a result, the most profitable loans are those to leveraged borrowers—issuers whose credit ratings are speculative grade and who are paying spreads (premiums or margins above the relevant LIBOR in the U.S. and UK, Euribor in Europe or another base rate) sufficient to attract the interest of non-bank term loan investors. Though, this threshold moves up and down depending on market conditions.In the U.S., corporate borrowers and private equity sponsors fairly even-handedly drive debt issuance. Europe, however, has far less corporate activity and its issuance is dominated by private equity sponsors, who, in turn, determine many of the standards and practices of loan syndication.
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