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File - Yip the Great
... When 4-year-old Katie was watching a storm outside her home, she saw a bolt of lightning. She did not have any reaction. However, the lightning was followed by a loud boom of thunder. Katie jumped and cried. After being calmed by her mother, another lightning appeared. It was followed by another bo ...
... When 4-year-old Katie was watching a storm outside her home, she saw a bolt of lightning. She did not have any reaction. However, the lightning was followed by a loud boom of thunder. Katie jumped and cried. After being calmed by her mother, another lightning appeared. It was followed by another bo ...
Module_10vs9_Final
... conditioned response: neutral stimulus becomes the conditioned stimulus if it occurs before the conditioned response expectancy: animals and humans learn a predictable relationship between, or develop an expectancy about, the neutral and unconditioned stimuli classical conditioning leads to le ...
... conditioned response: neutral stimulus becomes the conditioned stimulus if it occurs before the conditioned response expectancy: animals and humans learn a predictable relationship between, or develop an expectancy about, the neutral and unconditioned stimuli classical conditioning leads to le ...
Increase Behaviour with Reinforcement
... Arron is a 4 year old boy who often gets frustrated in class. He does not want to play with others and refuses to join into group activities. Arron enjoys making puzzles. He is bored of the activities in the classroom and often throws and scream when he is overwhelmed. As an Early Childhood Educator ...
... Arron is a 4 year old boy who often gets frustrated in class. He does not want to play with others and refuses to join into group activities. Arron enjoys making puzzles. He is bored of the activities in the classroom and often throws and scream when he is overwhelmed. As an Early Childhood Educator ...
Human eating behaviour in an evolutionary ecological context
... with complex relationships between unlearned and learned sensory responses to foods, and conditioned preferences for taste and odour (Mela & Catt, 1996). Flavour preferences in human subjects are influenced by the energy content of foods, as either fat or carbohydrate (Booth et al. 1982); there is a ...
... with complex relationships between unlearned and learned sensory responses to foods, and conditioned preferences for taste and odour (Mela & Catt, 1996). Flavour preferences in human subjects are influenced by the energy content of foods, as either fat or carbohydrate (Booth et al. 1982); there is a ...
on modernity
... interchangeable.7 Put differently, they are different aspects of the same phenomenon. But they are also essential for the constitution of the social world; without them, the social world would be impossible (Natanson 1978, 67–8). Natanson acknowledges, for example, that social reality “presupposes a ...
... interchangeable.7 Put differently, they are different aspects of the same phenomenon. But they are also essential for the constitution of the social world; without them, the social world would be impossible (Natanson 1978, 67–8). Natanson acknowledges, for example, that social reality “presupposes a ...
History of Anthropological Theory
... evolution, its idea that nature had an order of things encouraged studies of natural history and comparative anatomical studies, which stimulated the development of the idea of evolution. People were also now motivated to look for previously unknown creatures. Moreover, humans were not shocked when ...
... evolution, its idea that nature had an order of things encouraged studies of natural history and comparative anatomical studies, which stimulated the development of the idea of evolution. People were also now motivated to look for previously unknown creatures. Moreover, humans were not shocked when ...
Behaviorism
... life. As further understanding evolves, we have devised and managed not just remote behaviors but a whole culture of behaviors and manners. (Ozmon and Craver, 1995). Behaviorism has clearly stated objectives, which allows the learner to focus on one goal. This idea of central concentration is one o ...
... life. As further understanding evolves, we have devised and managed not just remote behaviors but a whole culture of behaviors and manners. (Ozmon and Craver, 1995). Behaviorism has clearly stated objectives, which allows the learner to focus on one goal. This idea of central concentration is one o ...
Pavlov`s Parrots: Understanding and Extinguishing Learned Fear
... processes. There is another category of behavior, called respondent behaviors, which involve a different kind of behavior-environment relation. Respondent behaviors are automatic, involuntary responses. They are part of an individual’s genetic history and include simple reflexes (e.g., blinking, end ...
... processes. There is another category of behavior, called respondent behaviors, which involve a different kind of behavior-environment relation. Respondent behaviors are automatic, involuntary responses. They are part of an individual’s genetic history and include simple reflexes (e.g., blinking, end ...
p.218-220 - Amazon Web Services
... Other evidence also suggests that both operant and respondent conditioning is involved in autoshaping. For example, Bullock and Myers (2009) recently showed that autoshaped responding of the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) is sensitive to both negative (omission) and positive (response-depen ...
... Other evidence also suggests that both operant and respondent conditioning is involved in autoshaping. For example, Bullock and Myers (2009) recently showed that autoshaped responding of the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) is sensitive to both negative (omission) and positive (response-depen ...
Lecture 1
... To provide scientific contributions to society. Many sociologists are involved in scientific research and are able to solve large-scale problems that affect the world around us. To study the roles of institutions, organizations and individuals. Sociologists study how social institutions such as ...
... To provide scientific contributions to society. Many sociologists are involved in scientific research and are able to solve large-scale problems that affect the world around us. To study the roles of institutions, organizations and individuals. Sociologists study how social institutions such as ...
Rethinking the Human and the Social:
... development of individuals. For example, Andre Gorz (1999) argues that educative relation is not just a social relation.ii Similarly ethics is not just acting in accordance with social conventions but acting in accordance with post-conventional awareness and realizations where, as Habermas says, con ...
... development of individuals. For example, Andre Gorz (1999) argues that educative relation is not just a social relation.ii Similarly ethics is not just acting in accordance with social conventions but acting in accordance with post-conventional awareness and realizations where, as Habermas says, con ...
Learning How do we learn? Why do we learn? Basic Survival
... Partial Reinforcement: Reinforces a response only part of the time Though this results in slower acquisition in the beginning, it shows greater resistance to extinction later Generalization- Stimulus “sets the occasion” for the response Responding occurs to similar stimuli ...
... Partial Reinforcement: Reinforces a response only part of the time Though this results in slower acquisition in the beginning, it shows greater resistance to extinction later Generalization- Stimulus “sets the occasion” for the response Responding occurs to similar stimuli ...
BF Skinner - David Crotts
... Fixed-ratio - reinforce behavior after a set number of responses. Example: people paid on a piecework basis; garment workers ...
... Fixed-ratio - reinforce behavior after a set number of responses. Example: people paid on a piecework basis; garment workers ...
• •
... relevance of existing institutions, and What I have tried to describe here are challenge our long-standing concepts situations that are difficult to make of government. sense of if we remained fixated with a picture of a national society that is Postmodernity has made possible the undergoing its own ...
... relevance of existing institutions, and What I have tried to describe here are challenge our long-standing concepts situations that are difficult to make of government. sense of if we remained fixated with a picture of a national society that is Postmodernity has made possible the undergoing its own ...
BF Skinner Behaviorism
... poems and short stories. When he graduated, he built a study in his parents’ attic to concentrate, but it just wasn’t working for him. ...
... poems and short stories. When he graduated, he built a study in his parents’ attic to concentrate, but it just wasn’t working for him. ...
The evolutionary approach to human behaviour
... them adopting a particular way of performing actions (the developmental or ontogenetic cause of the behaviour)? An answer to this type of question would require an investigation into the factors that shape development throughout the lifespan, including both their genetic inheritance and the impact o ...
... them adopting a particular way of performing actions (the developmental or ontogenetic cause of the behaviour)? An answer to this type of question would require an investigation into the factors that shape development throughout the lifespan, including both their genetic inheritance and the impact o ...
Operant Conditioning A type of learning in which behavior is
... behavior to take the place of inappropriate behavior. • Punishments can make the person who has been punished feel anxious, fearful, resentful and angry. • The effects of punishments on behavior tend to be temporary. In addition to these problems, punishments have other problems and dangers associat ...
... behavior to take the place of inappropriate behavior. • Punishments can make the person who has been punished feel anxious, fearful, resentful and angry. • The effects of punishments on behavior tend to be temporary. In addition to these problems, punishments have other problems and dangers associat ...
Warm Up - Cabarrus County Schools
... “Optimism is the most important human trait, because it allows us to evolve our ideas, to improve our situation, and to hope for a better tomorrow.” ~ Seth Godin ...
... “Optimism is the most important human trait, because it allows us to evolve our ideas, to improve our situation, and to hope for a better tomorrow.” ~ Seth Godin ...
ppt_ch10
... are the three types of traits in Allport’s trait model? What was Cattell’s view on the organization of traits? What three traits are represented in Eysenck’s model of personality? What is the “Big Five” trait model of personality? What role do genes play in personality? ...
... are the three types of traits in Allport’s trait model? What was Cattell’s view on the organization of traits? What three traits are represented in Eysenck’s model of personality? What is the “Big Five” trait model of personality? What role do genes play in personality? ...
Behavioral modernity
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lascaux_painting.jpg?width=300)
Behavioral modernity is a suite of behavioral and cognitive traits that distinguishes current Homo sapiens from anatomically modern humans, hominins, and other primates. Although often debated, most scholars agree that modern human behavior can be characterized by abstract thinking, planning depth, symbolic behavior (e.g. art, ornamentation, music), exploitation of large game, blade technology, among others. Underlying these behaviors and technological innovations are cognitive and cultural foundations that have been documented experimentally and ethnographically. Some of these human universal patterns are cumulative cultural adaptation, social norms, language, cooperative breeding, and extensive help and cooperation beyond close kin. These traits have been viewed as largely responsible for the human replacement of Neanderthals in Western Europe, along with the climatic conditions of the Last Glacial Maximum, and the peopling of the rest of the world.Arising from differences in the archaeological record, a debate continues as to whether anatomically modern humans were behaviorally modern as well. There are many theories on the evolution of behavioral modernity. These generally fall into two camps: gradualist and cognitive approaches. The Later Upper Paleolithic Model refers to the idea that modern human behavior arose through cognitive, genetic changes abruptly around 40–50,000 years ago. Other models focus on how modern human behavior may have arisen through gradual steps; the archaeological signatures of such behavior only appearing through demographic or subsistence-based changes.