Excitation of Ventral Tegmental Area Dopaminergic and
... responsive cells. Two cells recorded extracellularly and one recorded in current-clamp, which had previously responded to orexin A, did not respond to orexin B. The previous application of the voltage-gated sodium channel blocker tetrodotoxin (0.5 M) did not prevent the depolarization caused by ore ...
... responsive cells. Two cells recorded extracellularly and one recorded in current-clamp, which had previously responded to orexin A, did not respond to orexin B. The previous application of the voltage-gated sodium channel blocker tetrodotoxin (0.5 M) did not prevent the depolarization caused by ore ...
Objective cortical evaluation of infants wearing hearing aids Harvey
... evoked by speech sounds at conversational levels in the free field while the infant wears hearing aids or cochlear implant(s). The presence of a response indicates that neural signals initiated by the stimulus have progressed through the device and auditory system at least to the primary auditory co ...
... evoked by speech sounds at conversational levels in the free field while the infant wears hearing aids or cochlear implant(s). The presence of a response indicates that neural signals initiated by the stimulus have progressed through the device and auditory system at least to the primary auditory co ...
Hayrunnisa Bolay, Turkey
... trigeminal neurons in the brainstem nucleus (TNC). CSD is implicated in releasing CGRP and nitric oxide from trigeminal nerve endings and leading to neurogenic inflammation in the dura mater. CSD is a key to understand familial hemiplegic migraine phenotype, critical involvement of glutamatergic syn ...
... trigeminal neurons in the brainstem nucleus (TNC). CSD is implicated in releasing CGRP and nitric oxide from trigeminal nerve endings and leading to neurogenic inflammation in the dura mater. CSD is a key to understand familial hemiplegic migraine phenotype, critical involvement of glutamatergic syn ...
Neural Networks – State of Art, Brief History, Basic Models and
... everywhere. Neural networks, with their remarkable ability to derive meaning from complicated or imprecise data, can be used to extract patterns and detect trends that are too complex to be noticed by either humans or other computer techniques. A brief history of the neural networks research is pres ...
... everywhere. Neural networks, with their remarkable ability to derive meaning from complicated or imprecise data, can be used to extract patterns and detect trends that are too complex to be noticed by either humans or other computer techniques. A brief history of the neural networks research is pres ...
I Know What You Are Doing: A - Università degli Studi di Parma
... No quantitative analysis of this phenomenon will be reported in the present paper. Following characterization of their functional properties, the neurons were tested as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 (see the hand movement cartoons). The experimenter stood in front of the monkey, behind a metallic f ...
... No quantitative analysis of this phenomenon will be reported in the present paper. Following characterization of their functional properties, the neurons were tested as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 (see the hand movement cartoons). The experimenter stood in front of the monkey, behind a metallic f ...
Midterm Review Answers
... TTX labeling would be distributed evenly along the entire length of a non-myelinated axon. c) dendrite TTX labeling would not be present because dendrites are passive membranes and thus do not have any voltage dependent channels. The Action Potential 1) A neuron receives a stimulus that, by itself, ...
... TTX labeling would be distributed evenly along the entire length of a non-myelinated axon. c) dendrite TTX labeling would not be present because dendrites are passive membranes and thus do not have any voltage dependent channels. The Action Potential 1) A neuron receives a stimulus that, by itself, ...
LESSON 4.3 WORKBOOK What makes us go to sleep, and what
... quickly. Clearly, it is to our advantage to be either asleep or awake. A state that has some of the characteristics of both sleep and wakefulness would be quite problematic! Controlling the switch There is one problem with flip-flop switches however – they can be unstable. In fact, people with narco ...
... quickly. Clearly, it is to our advantage to be either asleep or awake. A state that has some of the characteristics of both sleep and wakefulness would be quite problematic! Controlling the switch There is one problem with flip-flop switches however – they can be unstable. In fact, people with narco ...
text - Systems Neuroscience Course, MEDS 371, Univ. Conn. Health
... The reflexive system requires little or no cognitive judgment to initiate eye movement and produces saccades in response to the appearance or movement of prominent objects in the visual field. The reflexive system can be activated by neurons in three locations: 1. The retina. Retinal ganglion cells ...
... The reflexive system requires little or no cognitive judgment to initiate eye movement and produces saccades in response to the appearance or movement of prominent objects in the visual field. The reflexive system can be activated by neurons in three locations: 1. The retina. Retinal ganglion cells ...
2 Brain and Classical Neural Networks
... fibre for another signal. There is no major material (ion) transport that produces the signal, just in and out local movements of ions, across the cell membranes, i.e., a small and local depolarization of the cell. Eventually, the nerve signal reaches the attached synaptic knob, at the very end of th ...
... fibre for another signal. There is no major material (ion) transport that produces the signal, just in and out local movements of ions, across the cell membranes, i.e., a small and local depolarization of the cell. Eventually, the nerve signal reaches the attached synaptic knob, at the very end of th ...
Figure 1 - Journal of Neuroscience
... variable frequency and level. When a neuron was first isolated, diotic pure-tone response maps were measured to determine its frequency selectivity. The tones were presented at 30 dB attenuation (⬃70 dB SPL) over a six-octave range centered at 5 kHz (16 steps per octave) for a duration of 200 ms wit ...
... variable frequency and level. When a neuron was first isolated, diotic pure-tone response maps were measured to determine its frequency selectivity. The tones were presented at 30 dB attenuation (⬃70 dB SPL) over a six-octave range centered at 5 kHz (16 steps per octave) for a duration of 200 ms wit ...
Development of neuromotor prostheses
... However, contrary to popular textbook images, control of each of these body parts appears to be highly distributed within a somatic region. Thus, for example, the arm MI area appears to be a distributed network; like a network, information about arm motion is widely available from the neurons in tha ...
... However, contrary to popular textbook images, control of each of these body parts appears to be highly distributed within a somatic region. Thus, for example, the arm MI area appears to be a distributed network; like a network, information about arm motion is widely available from the neurons in tha ...
Program booklet - Munich Center for NeuroSciences
... visual scene itself, helps animals to spot prey, predators or mates and to navigate in their environment. Yet visual motion is not directly detected by photoreceptors in the retina, but has to be computed from the luminance changes across at least 2 different points in space and time. Algorithmic mo ...
... visual scene itself, helps animals to spot prey, predators or mates and to navigate in their environment. Yet visual motion is not directly detected by photoreceptors in the retina, but has to be computed from the luminance changes across at least 2 different points in space and time. Algorithmic mo ...
Chapter 48
... by two stimuli that increase membrane permeability to Na+. The larger stimulus produces a ...
... by two stimuli that increase membrane permeability to Na+. The larger stimulus produces a ...
Structure and function in the cerebral ganglion
... Limax maximus, where a second pathway, again involving long receptive neurites, connects the buccal ganglion to the procerebrum. Both of these pathways in Limax were revealed by observing the transport of a lipophilic dye (DiI) into the procerebrum after crystals of the dye were placed in either the ...
... Limax maximus, where a second pathway, again involving long receptive neurites, connects the buccal ganglion to the procerebrum. Both of these pathways in Limax were revealed by observing the transport of a lipophilic dye (DiI) into the procerebrum after crystals of the dye were placed in either the ...
Attractor concretion as a mechanism for the formation of context
... competition between the positive and the negative state. In particular, the competition bias is learned by modifying the synaptic connections from the neurons that represent each CS and the positive and negative value coding neurons. When the associations are reversed, the learned synaptic strengths ...
... competition between the positive and the negative state. In particular, the competition bias is learned by modifying the synaptic connections from the neurons that represent each CS and the positive and negative value coding neurons. When the associations are reversed, the learned synaptic strengths ...
Polarization-sensitive and light-sensitive neurons in two parallel
... component of an internal compass signal. A recent anatomical study in the locust suggests that a small area in the brain, the anterior optic tubercle (AOTu), is a relay station in the neural pathway from polarization-sensitive photoreceptors to the central complex (Homberg et al. 2003; Fig. 1A). We ...
... component of an internal compass signal. A recent anatomical study in the locust suggests that a small area in the brain, the anterior optic tubercle (AOTu), is a relay station in the neural pathway from polarization-sensitive photoreceptors to the central complex (Homberg et al. 2003; Fig. 1A). We ...
Nervous System - Neuron and Nerve Impulse PowerPoint
... – Sensory neurons carry input from eyes, ears, skin, nose, tongue to the spinal cord and brain. Function to gather info. – Motor neurons carry output from the brain and the spinal cord to muscles and glands. Function for movement. ...
... – Sensory neurons carry input from eyes, ears, skin, nose, tongue to the spinal cord and brain. Function to gather info. – Motor neurons carry output from the brain and the spinal cord to muscles and glands. Function for movement. ...
Atomic computing-a different perspective on massively parallel
... delays are present in both the entities and their interconnect, we may, without loss of modelling accuracy, roll the interconnect delay into the entity model and treat the interconnect as zero-delay. The physical system under simulation - neural aggregates - consist of an interconnect topology (whi ...
... delays are present in both the entities and their interconnect, we may, without loss of modelling accuracy, roll the interconnect delay into the entity model and treat the interconnect as zero-delay. The physical system under simulation - neural aggregates - consist of an interconnect topology (whi ...
Spatial Responsiveness of Monkey Hippocampal Neurons to
... activity of neurons in the hippocampal formation of the conscious monkey was recorded during presentation of various visual and auditory stimuli from several directions around the monkey. Of 1,047 neurons recorded, 106 (10.1%) responded to some stimuli from one or more directions. Of these 106 neuro ...
... activity of neurons in the hippocampal formation of the conscious monkey was recorded during presentation of various visual and auditory stimuli from several directions around the monkey. Of 1,047 neurons recorded, 106 (10.1%) responded to some stimuli from one or more directions. Of these 106 neuro ...