Hot Spots Hundreds of hot spots exist around the world. These are
... creates the volcanoes. Therefore, the oldest volcanic island is found at the northwest end of the chain and the youngest to the southeast. Volcanic activity ceases as the older islands move off the hot spot. ...
... creates the volcanoes. Therefore, the oldest volcanic island is found at the northwest end of the chain and the youngest to the southeast. Volcanic activity ceases as the older islands move off the hot spot. ...
Name _____ Hour ______ Score Plate Tectonics Unit Objectives
... Identify the different layers of the Earth and their compositions Describe important milestones in geologic time eras Describe the movement of the Earth’s plates over geologic time Explain Alfred Wegener’s continental drift hypothesis and why it was not accepted in his time Explain the the ...
... Identify the different layers of the Earth and their compositions Describe important milestones in geologic time eras Describe the movement of the Earth’s plates over geologic time Explain Alfred Wegener’s continental drift hypothesis and why it was not accepted in his time Explain the the ...
Chapter 2
... • Origin of Magma Role of Heat • The geothermal gradient—Earth’s natural temperature increases with depth but is not sufficient to melt rock in the lower crust and upper mantle • Additional heat is generated by – friction in subduction zones – crustal rocks heated during subduction – rising, hot ma ...
... • Origin of Magma Role of Heat • The geothermal gradient—Earth’s natural temperature increases with depth but is not sufficient to melt rock in the lower crust and upper mantle • Additional heat is generated by – friction in subduction zones – crustal rocks heated during subduction – rising, hot ma ...
subduction zone
... and dehydrates as it subsides The melt rises forming volcanism E.g. The Andes ...
... and dehydrates as it subsides The melt rises forming volcanism E.g. The Andes ...
Why do so many of Earth`s volcanoes occur along plate boundaries?
... denser than the other. The denser plate, which invariably has oceanic crust on its top, does the sinking. Second, only earthquakes occur when two plates collide (obduct), building a mountain range. The density of continental crust is too low for it to subduct, like wood floating on water. Instead, t ...
... denser than the other. The denser plate, which invariably has oceanic crust on its top, does the sinking. Second, only earthquakes occur when two plates collide (obduct), building a mountain range. The density of continental crust is too low for it to subduct, like wood floating on water. Instead, t ...
revised_midterm_guide
... Himalayas, Atlantic mid-ocean ridge, African rift system) for all types of plate boundaries. Combining geography and plate tectonics isn’t very difficult when you remember well-known features about certain places: the Himalayan mountains have the highest land elevation in the world and there are n ...
... Himalayas, Atlantic mid-ocean ridge, African rift system) for all types of plate boundaries. Combining geography and plate tectonics isn’t very difficult when you remember well-known features about certain places: the Himalayan mountains have the highest land elevation in the world and there are n ...
Physical and Ecological Processes
... The surface of the earth is constantly changing due to plate tectonics and erosion and weathering. The surface of the earth looks like one continuous piece but it is actually broken into several large pieces that fit together like a jigsaw puzzle. Each piece is called a plate and when two plates c ...
... The surface of the earth is constantly changing due to plate tectonics and erosion and weathering. The surface of the earth looks like one continuous piece but it is actually broken into several large pieces that fit together like a jigsaw puzzle. Each piece is called a plate and when two plates c ...
1.3 Japan and South-East Asia
... distribution of volcanoes. Is this a strong relationship? Explain. ...
... distribution of volcanoes. Is this a strong relationship? Explain. ...
Plate Tectonics Unit Test Study Guide
... Three Different Shapes of Volcanoes 1. Shield – large and broad, release fast moving, less gassy lava, tent to have less explosive eruptions 2. Cinder Cone – smallest, most common, explosive eruptions, often on sides of larger volcanoes 3. Stratovolcano – Have explosive eruptions because of more gas ...
... Three Different Shapes of Volcanoes 1. Shield – large and broad, release fast moving, less gassy lava, tent to have less explosive eruptions 2. Cinder Cone – smallest, most common, explosive eruptions, often on sides of larger volcanoes 3. Stratovolcano – Have explosive eruptions because of more gas ...
Geology 101, Fall 2006 minutes to complete the 50-point quiz. whom
... 3. (3 points) The second law of thermodynamics explains that hot bodies will transfer heat to cold bodies. This transfer is called _____________________ in the asthenosphere. However, the lithosphere does not allow the same type of heat transfer; the way in which the Earth informs us surface people ...
... 3. (3 points) The second law of thermodynamics explains that hot bodies will transfer heat to cold bodies. This transfer is called _____________________ in the asthenosphere. However, the lithosphere does not allow the same type of heat transfer; the way in which the Earth informs us surface people ...
Earth Science Learning Outcomes
... 4. explain the movement of three types of seismic waves (primary, secondary, and surface waves) through the layers of the Earth’s crust 5. describe tectonic plate boundaries, including: transform boundaries, divergent boundaries, and convergent boundaries 6. identify tectonic mapping symbols 7. expl ...
... 4. explain the movement of three types of seismic waves (primary, secondary, and surface waves) through the layers of the Earth’s crust 5. describe tectonic plate boundaries, including: transform boundaries, divergent boundaries, and convergent boundaries 6. identify tectonic mapping symbols 7. expl ...
Dynamic Earth
... vents--called smokers because they resemble chimneys--spew dark, mineral-rich, fluids heated by contact with the newly formed, stillhot oceanic crust. This photograph shows a black smoker, but smokers can also be white, grey, or clear depending on the material being ejected. ...
... vents--called smokers because they resemble chimneys--spew dark, mineral-rich, fluids heated by contact with the newly formed, stillhot oceanic crust. This photograph shows a black smoker, but smokers can also be white, grey, or clear depending on the material being ejected. ...
islands born of fire aCTiviTy 1
... of a puzzle. Unlike puzzle pieces, however, tectonic plates slowly shift position by pushing into and pulling away from each other over millions of years. The Galapagos Islands sit on a plate that is slowly pushing southeastward, toward South America, at a speed of about 2 inches per year. At that r ...
... of a puzzle. Unlike puzzle pieces, however, tectonic plates slowly shift position by pushing into and pulling away from each other over millions of years. The Galapagos Islands sit on a plate that is slowly pushing southeastward, toward South America, at a speed of about 2 inches per year. At that r ...
Blakeley Jones September 9, 2009 Review 2 – Igneous Chapter 4
... 18) ___C_____ large, fairly steep-sided cones composed of lavas and pyroclastic layers 19) ___C____ small basaltic cones built during one, short, eruptive episode 20) ___B_____ the volcanoes of southwestern Alaska and the Aleutian Islands 21) ____A____ the big volcanoes of Hawaii 22) Which statemen ...
... 18) ___C_____ large, fairly steep-sided cones composed of lavas and pyroclastic layers 19) ___C____ small basaltic cones built during one, short, eruptive episode 20) ___B_____ the volcanoes of southwestern Alaska and the Aleutian Islands 21) ____A____ the big volcanoes of Hawaii 22) Which statemen ...
Geology: Inside the Earth Chapter 1 Notes and Vocabulary
... the lithosphere’s plate boundaries and weak areas in Earth’s crust called hot spots. Less dense magma rises through the crust in these stressed places to form a volcano. Most volcanoes form due to the forces built up from subduction (at convergent boundaries) and sea-floor spreading (at divergent bo ...
... the lithosphere’s plate boundaries and weak areas in Earth’s crust called hot spots. Less dense magma rises through the crust in these stressed places to form a volcano. Most volcanoes form due to the forces built up from subduction (at convergent boundaries) and sea-floor spreading (at divergent bo ...
Geology: Inside the Earth Chapter 1 Notes and Vocabulary
... the lithosphere’s plate boundaries and weak areas in Earth’s crust called hot spots. Less dense magma rises through the crust in these stressed places to form a volcano. Most volcanoes form due to the forces built up from subduction (at convergent boundaries) and sea-floor spreading (at divergent bo ...
... the lithosphere’s plate boundaries and weak areas in Earth’s crust called hot spots. Less dense magma rises through the crust in these stressed places to form a volcano. Most volcanoes form due to the forces built up from subduction (at convergent boundaries) and sea-floor spreading (at divergent bo ...
study guide – unit 9 – plate tectonics
... Mt. St. Helens, Himalayans moving apart: divergence, mid-ocean ridges, volcanoes, earthquakes Mid-Atlantic Ridge sliding: faulting, earthquakes San Andreas Fault Circum-Pacific Belt = Pacific Plate boundaries ...
... Mt. St. Helens, Himalayans moving apart: divergence, mid-ocean ridges, volcanoes, earthquakes Mid-Atlantic Ridge sliding: faulting, earthquakes San Andreas Fault Circum-Pacific Belt = Pacific Plate boundaries ...
PDF
... after a long period of dormancy, Santorini exploded with a blast of such force that it transformed the single volcanic cone into the broken circle of small islands that tourists visit today. It may surprise many to know that the volcano's last eruption happened as recently as 1950, but this event co ...
... after a long period of dormancy, Santorini exploded with a blast of such force that it transformed the single volcanic cone into the broken circle of small islands that tourists visit today. It may surprise many to know that the volcano's last eruption happened as recently as 1950, but this event co ...
Topic 1 Tectonic
... details (temperature, density, composition, physical state) of layered structure (including the asthenosphere); using rock samples to contrast continental and oceanic crust. Considering the core’s internal heat source (through radioactive decay), and how this generates convection which drives plate ...
... details (temperature, density, composition, physical state) of layered structure (including the asthenosphere); using rock samples to contrast continental and oceanic crust. Considering the core’s internal heat source (through radioactive decay), and how this generates convection which drives plate ...
When I think of volcanoes, I think of…
... the only caldera from the Snake River Plain-Yellowstone (SRP-Y) hotspot that is plainly visible today. Non-explosive eruptions of lava and less-violent explosive eruptions have occurred in and near the Yellowstone caldera since the last supereruption.[10][11] The most recent lava flow occurred about ...
... the only caldera from the Snake River Plain-Yellowstone (SRP-Y) hotspot that is plainly visible today. Non-explosive eruptions of lava and less-violent explosive eruptions have occurred in and near the Yellowstone caldera since the last supereruption.[10][11] The most recent lava flow occurred about ...
Plate Tectonics Guided Notes
... The Earth is made up of 3 main layers (_________ , _____________ , ___________) On the surface of the Earth are __________________ ________________ that move very slowly around the world ______________________ ________________ are made up of crust and upper mantle There are 2 types of plates ...
... The Earth is made up of 3 main layers (_________ , _____________ , ___________) On the surface of the Earth are __________________ ________________ that move very slowly around the world ______________________ ________________ are made up of crust and upper mantle There are 2 types of plates ...
magma
... called bombs – Pyroclastic flow occurs when an explosive eruption hurls out a mixture of hot gases, ash, cinders, and bombs » Obsidian and pumice forms ...
... called bombs – Pyroclastic flow occurs when an explosive eruption hurls out a mixture of hot gases, ash, cinders, and bombs » Obsidian and pumice forms ...
Mountains are Mountains, Aren`t They
... such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions on a human time scale, but many processes such as mountain building and plate movements take place over hundreds of millions of years. ...
... such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions on a human time scale, but many processes such as mountain building and plate movements take place over hundreds of millions of years. ...
Ch 9 Plate tectonics and igneous activity ppt
... Global distribution of igneous activity is not random • Most volcanoes are located on the margins of the ocean basins (intermediate, andesitic composition) • Pacific Rim aka The Ring of Fire, ...
... Global distribution of igneous activity is not random • Most volcanoes are located on the margins of the ocean basins (intermediate, andesitic composition) • Pacific Rim aka The Ring of Fire, ...
earthquakes and mountain building ppt
... understanding of earth's processes. – Although it is known where earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are likely to happen, there is currently no reliable way to predict precisely when an event will occur. – Volcanoes and earthquakes indicate the high temperatures and pressures that exist in earth's i ...
... understanding of earth's processes. – Although it is known where earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are likely to happen, there is currently no reliable way to predict precisely when an event will occur. – Volcanoes and earthquakes indicate the high temperatures and pressures that exist in earth's i ...
Ring of Fire
The Ring of Fire is an area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur. In a 40,000 km (25,000 mi) horseshoe shape, it is associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, and volcanic belts and/or plate movements. It has 452 volcanoes and is home to over 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes. The Ring of Fire is sometimes called the circum-Pacific belt.About 90% of the world's earthquakes and 81% of the world's largest earthquakes occur along the Ring of Fire. The next most seismically active region (5–6% of earthquakes and 17% of the world's largest earthquakes) is the Alpide belt, which extends from Java to the northern Atlantic Ocean via the Himalayas and southern Europe.All but 3 of the world's 25 largest volcanic eruptions of the last 11,700 years occurred at volcanoes in the Ring of Fire.The Ring of Fire is a direct result of plate tectonics and the movement and collisions of lithospheric plates. The eastern section of the ring is the result of the Nazca Plate and the Cocos Plate being subducted beneath the westward moving South American Plate. The Cocos Plate is being subducted beneath the Caribbean Plate, in Central America. A portion of the Pacific Plate along with the small Juan de Fuca Plate are being subducted beneath the North American Plate. Along the northern portion, the northwestward-moving Pacific plate is being subducted beneath the Aleutian Islands arc. Farther west, the Pacific plate is being subducted along the Kamchatka Peninsula arcs on south past Japan. The southern portion is more complex, with a number of smaller tectonic plates in collision with the Pacific plate from the Mariana Islands, the Philippines, Bougainville, Tonga, and New Zealand; this portion excludes Australia, since it lies in the center of its tectonic plate. Indonesia lies between the Ring of Fire along the northeastern islands adjacent to and including New Guinea and the Alpide belt along the south and west from Sumatra, Java, Bali, Flores, and Timor. The famous and very active San Andreas Fault zone of California is a transform fault which offsets a portion of the East Pacific Rise under southwestern United States and Mexico. The motion of the fault generates numerous small earthquakes, at multiple times a day, most of which are too small to be felt. The active Queen Charlotte Fault on the west coast of the Haida Gwaii, British Columbia, Canada, has generated three large earthquakes during the 20th century: a magnitude 7 event in 1929; a magnitude 8.1 in 1949 (Canada's largest recorded earthquake); and a magnitude 7.4 in 1970.