The Changing Earth
... 1. puzzle-piece fit (especially SA/Africa) 2. fossil remains on separate continents 3. same rock layer patterns on separate continents ...
... 1. puzzle-piece fit (especially SA/Africa) 2. fossil remains on separate continents 3. same rock layer patterns on separate continents ...
The Wadati-Benioff Zone
... 2) If it is a divergent boundary, label where the ridge (spreading center) would be, if convergent, label the trench location, or if it is a transform, label (circle the region) where the transform fault comes to the surface of the Earth labeled above... 3) This particular plot, in general, shows a ...
... 2) If it is a divergent boundary, label where the ridge (spreading center) would be, if convergent, label the trench location, or if it is a transform, label (circle the region) where the transform fault comes to the surface of the Earth labeled above... 3) This particular plot, in general, shows a ...
Igneous Rocks – Practice Exams and Answers
... 3. Intrusive igneous rocks form from the crystallization and consolidation of _________. 4. Extrusive igneous rocks form from the crystallization and consolidation of _________ or the eruption and accumulation of _____________ material. 5. The intrusive compositional equivalent of rhyolite is ______ ...
... 3. Intrusive igneous rocks form from the crystallization and consolidation of _________. 4. Extrusive igneous rocks form from the crystallization and consolidation of _________ or the eruption and accumulation of _____________ material. 5. The intrusive compositional equivalent of rhyolite is ______ ...
SECTION 1
... plate is diving deep beneath another. 7. Magma rises and breaks through the lithosphere at spreading ridges. The magma solidifies into rock. New magma rising through the ridge pushes the new rock material away. 8. Shield volcanoes occur over hot spots. 9. The magma that forms composite volcanoes tra ...
... plate is diving deep beneath another. 7. Magma rises and breaks through the lithosphere at spreading ridges. The magma solidifies into rock. New magma rising through the ridge pushes the new rock material away. 8. Shield volcanoes occur over hot spots. 9. The magma that forms composite volcanoes tra ...
ESS 305 Mt. St. Helens National Volcanic Monument Spring 2015
... outlet. In the case of Mt. St. Helens, the youngest of the major Cascade volcanoes, its first formative eruptions began only 40,000 years ago, yet it is sitting in the midst of an area that has been volcanic for the last 40 million years. The earlier volcanoes have vanished, but their associated int ...
... outlet. In the case of Mt. St. Helens, the youngest of the major Cascade volcanoes, its first formative eruptions began only 40,000 years ago, yet it is sitting in the midst of an area that has been volcanic for the last 40 million years. The earlier volcanoes have vanished, but their associated int ...
Review for Earthquakes Test
... on where the earthquake occurs. 2. What scale is traditionally used to measure magnitude? Richter Scale 3. Each increase in magnitude number represents a 10-fold increase in energy released. 4. What does intensity measure? Intensity measures the type of damage done by the earthquake as well as peopl ...
... on where the earthquake occurs. 2. What scale is traditionally used to measure magnitude? Richter Scale 3. Each increase in magnitude number represents a 10-fold increase in energy released. 4. What does intensity measure? Intensity measures the type of damage done by the earthquake as well as peopl ...
File
... • Crust and rigid upper mantle • These are the ‘plates’, 7 large pieces & several small pieces (tectonic plates) ...
... • Crust and rigid upper mantle • These are the ‘plates’, 7 large pieces & several small pieces (tectonic plates) ...
Worksheet: Volcanic eruptions
... around it in the outer core and mantle. Hot rock rises and cool rock sinks and convection currents form in the mantle. Where the hot, liquid rock spreads out under the crust it causes the crust to split apart, and lava pours out onto the Earth’s surface. Volcanoes occur at the plate margins – where ...
... around it in the outer core and mantle. Hot rock rises and cool rock sinks and convection currents form in the mantle. Where the hot, liquid rock spreads out under the crust it causes the crust to split apart, and lava pours out onto the Earth’s surface. Volcanoes occur at the plate margins – where ...
Volcanic Origin of the Galapagos Islands Formation of the
... first islands were formed approximately 10 000 000 years ago, when the volcanic eruptions started to open a path through the oceanic floor. Finally they formed submarine mountains. The marine floor around the Galapagos Islands is formed by mountains, heights, plateau and valleys. Satellite studies s ...
... first islands were formed approximately 10 000 000 years ago, when the volcanic eruptions started to open a path through the oceanic floor. Finally they formed submarine mountains. The marine floor around the Galapagos Islands is formed by mountains, heights, plateau and valleys. Satellite studies s ...
Orogenesis: Folding, Faulting, and Volcanism
... history, but shows evidence of recent activity. (Mammoth Mtn, CA or Crater Lake, OR) • extinct: no sign of recent or historic activity (Mt. Kilimanjaro, East Africa) ...
... history, but shows evidence of recent activity. (Mammoth Mtn, CA or Crater Lake, OR) • extinct: no sign of recent or historic activity (Mt. Kilimanjaro, East Africa) ...
here
... mountains called the Mid Atlantic Ridge. Some of these mountains are so high that they rise above sea level as islands, e.g. Iceland and the Azores. ...
... mountains called the Mid Atlantic Ridge. Some of these mountains are so high that they rise above sea level as islands, e.g. Iceland and the Azores. ...
Volcanoes and Plate Tectonics
... hoi spot is an arn when' matc:riaJ from deep within the manlle rises and then melts, forming magma. A volcano forms above a hOi spot when magma erupts through the crust and reaches the surface. Some hOI spot volcanoes lie in the middle of plates rar from any pialI' boundarid. Other hot SpolS OO::UT ...
... hoi spot is an arn when' matc:riaJ from deep within the manlle rises and then melts, forming magma. A volcano forms above a hOi spot when magma erupts through the crust and reaches the surface. Some hOI spot volcanoes lie in the middle of plates rar from any pialI' boundarid. Other hot SpolS OO::UT ...
Resarch Ideas and Links
... An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth’s crust that creates seismic waves. Earthquakes are recorded with a seismometer, also known as a seismograph. The magnitude of an earthquake is conventionally reported on the Richter scale, with magnitude 3 or lower earthquakes ...
... An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth’s crust that creates seismic waves. Earthquakes are recorded with a seismometer, also known as a seismograph. The magnitude of an earthquake is conventionally reported on the Richter scale, with magnitude 3 or lower earthquakes ...
Appendix: Acronyms and Glossaries
... VEI: volcanic explosivity index VSS Project: Papua New Guinea – Australia Volcanological Service Support Project ...
... VEI: volcanic explosivity index VSS Project: Papua New Guinea – Australia Volcanological Service Support Project ...
Calc alk volcanism
... The volcanism of the Cascades is thought to be due to the subduction of the Juan de Fuca, Gorda and Explorer plates beneath the Pacific Northwest. The trench, located 50 miles off the coastline is termed the Cascadia Subduction Zone. The above three plates are actually the remaining small slivers o ...
... The volcanism of the Cascades is thought to be due to the subduction of the Juan de Fuca, Gorda and Explorer plates beneath the Pacific Northwest. The trench, located 50 miles off the coastline is termed the Cascadia Subduction Zone. The above three plates are actually the remaining small slivers o ...
File - RHS Earth Systems
... Eventually grow large enough to rise above ocean and form volcanic island arc Ring of Fire – long belt of volcanoes that circle much of the Pacific Ocean Can form at convergent boundaries of continental plate and oceanic plate Result in continental volcanic arc ...
... Eventually grow large enough to rise above ocean and form volcanic island arc Ring of Fire – long belt of volcanoes that circle much of the Pacific Ocean Can form at convergent boundaries of continental plate and oceanic plate Result in continental volcanic arc ...
GY 111 Lecture Note Series Plate Tectonics and Volcanism
... There is also a third type of volcanic situation which we haven't really discussed yet. Consider the Hawaiian Islands. Anyone who has ever been there is aware that they are volcanic in nature (e.g., Kilauea has been erupting virtually non-stop for almost 10 years now!). But, Hawaii does not lie alon ...
... There is also a third type of volcanic situation which we haven't really discussed yet. Consider the Hawaiian Islands. Anyone who has ever been there is aware that they are volcanic in nature (e.g., Kilauea has been erupting virtually non-stop for almost 10 years now!). But, Hawaii does not lie alon ...
1-1 Plate Tectonics
... melt. As the magma heats up it expands and moves upward through cracks to the surface. A mild eruption will have lava flows. Thick lava tends to solidify, forming a plug. When gases build up behind this a violent explosion may occur. Molten rock below the surface of the Earth is known as magma. Afte ...
... melt. As the magma heats up it expands and moves upward through cracks to the surface. A mild eruption will have lava flows. Thick lava tends to solidify, forming a plug. When gases build up behind this a violent explosion may occur. Molten rock below the surface of the Earth is known as magma. Afte ...
Volcano Case Studies
... Biggest ever landside of soil, snow and rock ran down the mountainside and filled Spirit Lake - led to a huge mudslide Located in Washington state, NW USA, the Rocky mountains Located on a destructive plate boundary N. American Plate (continental crust) and Juan de Fuca plate (Pacific plate(oceanic ...
... Biggest ever landside of soil, snow and rock ran down the mountainside and filled Spirit Lake - led to a huge mudslide Located in Washington state, NW USA, the Rocky mountains Located on a destructive plate boundary N. American Plate (continental crust) and Juan de Fuca plate (Pacific plate(oceanic ...
Study Guide for Plate Tectonics, Earthquakes and Volcanoes
... 10. Summarize the 3 types of plate boundaries. 11. Explain what forms when 2 continental plates collide. Give an example. 12. Explain what happens at subduction zones. 13. Describe why volcanoes sometimes form at subduction zones 14. What other geographical feature is formed at subduction zones? 15. ...
... 10. Summarize the 3 types of plate boundaries. 11. Explain what forms when 2 continental plates collide. Give an example. 12. Explain what happens at subduction zones. 13. Describe why volcanoes sometimes form at subduction zones 14. What other geographical feature is formed at subduction zones? 15. ...
Convergent Boundaries Places where plates crash or
... Places where plates crash or crunch together are called convergent boundaries. Plates only move a few centimeters each year, so collisions are very slow and last millions of years. Even though plate collisions take a long time, lots of interesting things happen. For example, in the drawing above, an ...
... Places where plates crash or crunch together are called convergent boundaries. Plates only move a few centimeters each year, so collisions are very slow and last millions of years. Even though plate collisions take a long time, lots of interesting things happen. For example, in the drawing above, an ...
Lesson 12 - Intra Plate Volcanism
... types of plate boundaries, these being convergent and divergent boundaries. Very little volcanic activity is seen at transform fault boundaries. Volcanism associated with plate tectonic activity are found in three areas on Earth; 1) Ridges (or spreading centers) Reference: 2) Subduction zones 3) I ...
... types of plate boundaries, these being convergent and divergent boundaries. Very little volcanic activity is seen at transform fault boundaries. Volcanism associated with plate tectonic activity are found in three areas on Earth; 1) Ridges (or spreading centers) Reference: 2) Subduction zones 3) I ...
volcanoes
... islands called an island arc. • The curve of an island arc echoes the curve of its deep-ocean trench. • Major island arcs include Japan, New Zealand, Indonesia, the Caribbean islands, the Philippines, and the Aleutians. ...
... islands called an island arc. • The curve of an island arc echoes the curve of its deep-ocean trench. • Major island arcs include Japan, New Zealand, Indonesia, the Caribbean islands, the Philippines, and the Aleutians. ...
Ring of Fire
The Ring of Fire is an area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur. In a 40,000 km (25,000 mi) horseshoe shape, it is associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, and volcanic belts and/or plate movements. It has 452 volcanoes and is home to over 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes. The Ring of Fire is sometimes called the circum-Pacific belt.About 90% of the world's earthquakes and 81% of the world's largest earthquakes occur along the Ring of Fire. The next most seismically active region (5–6% of earthquakes and 17% of the world's largest earthquakes) is the Alpide belt, which extends from Java to the northern Atlantic Ocean via the Himalayas and southern Europe.All but 3 of the world's 25 largest volcanic eruptions of the last 11,700 years occurred at volcanoes in the Ring of Fire.The Ring of Fire is a direct result of plate tectonics and the movement and collisions of lithospheric plates. The eastern section of the ring is the result of the Nazca Plate and the Cocos Plate being subducted beneath the westward moving South American Plate. The Cocos Plate is being subducted beneath the Caribbean Plate, in Central America. A portion of the Pacific Plate along with the small Juan de Fuca Plate are being subducted beneath the North American Plate. Along the northern portion, the northwestward-moving Pacific plate is being subducted beneath the Aleutian Islands arc. Farther west, the Pacific plate is being subducted along the Kamchatka Peninsula arcs on south past Japan. The southern portion is more complex, with a number of smaller tectonic plates in collision with the Pacific plate from the Mariana Islands, the Philippines, Bougainville, Tonga, and New Zealand; this portion excludes Australia, since it lies in the center of its tectonic plate. Indonesia lies between the Ring of Fire along the northeastern islands adjacent to and including New Guinea and the Alpide belt along the south and west from Sumatra, Java, Bali, Flores, and Timor. The famous and very active San Andreas Fault zone of California is a transform fault which offsets a portion of the East Pacific Rise under southwestern United States and Mexico. The motion of the fault generates numerous small earthquakes, at multiple times a day, most of which are too small to be felt. The active Queen Charlotte Fault on the west coast of the Haida Gwaii, British Columbia, Canada, has generated three large earthquakes during the 20th century: a magnitude 7 event in 1929; a magnitude 8.1 in 1949 (Canada's largest recorded earthquake); and a magnitude 7.4 in 1970.