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The nervous system
The nervous system

... Schwann cells are part of the peripheral nervous system (PNS.) They have two major functions, they produce the myelin sheath which covers the Schwann cell, which helps to repair and regenerate nerves that have been damaged. In addition, they help the nerve impulse to be passed on quicker so that the ...
Nervous System
Nervous System

...  The Epithalamus consists of the pineal gland and choroid plexus that produces cerebrospinal fluid. ...
ES145 - Systems Analysis & Physiology
ES145 - Systems Analysis & Physiology

... Modifiability of connections results in learning and adaptation A neuron can produce only one kind of neurotransmitter at its synapse. The post-synaptic neuron will have receptors for this neurotransmitter that will either cause either an increase or decrease in membrane potential. With repeated ac ...
View Full PDF - Biochemical Society Transactions
View Full PDF - Biochemical Society Transactions

... T h e expression of UCP2 mRNA in C R F and AVP cells raises the possibility that UCP2 is involved in neuroendocrine functions. C R F is expressed abundantly in the parvocellular division of the paraventricular nucleus, from which C R F neurons project to the median eminence to control the activity o ...
Chapter 33
Chapter 33

...  Sense organs are specialized receptors for detecting environmental cues.  A stimulus is some form of energy – electrical, mechanical, chemical, or radiant.  A sense organ transforms energy from the stimulus into an action potential.  Perception of a sensation is determined by which part of the ...
ssep anatomy handout
ssep anatomy handout

... EPSP- excitatory post synaptic potential- depolarizes the cell, making it more likely to fire, less negative, increases permeability to Na+ and makes the membrane potential fall Fascicles- a peripheral nerve is composed of individual axons wrapped in a myelin sheath, these individual fibers are arra ...
The nervous system can be divided into several connected systems
The nervous system can be divided into several connected systems

... causes blood to be cooled faster. The hypothalamus also controls the pituitary. The thalamus receives sensory information and relays this information to the cerebral cortex. The cerebral cortex also sends information to the thalamus which then transmits this information to other areas of the brain a ...
Chapter 11 Notes
Chapter 11 Notes

... Homeostasis is maintained in the human body by various parts of the nervous system Neural transmission occurs along axons, due to an action potential that causes depolarization of the neuron ...
The Central Nervous System
The Central Nervous System

... Homeostasis is maintained in the human body by various parts of the nervous system Neural transmission occurs along axons, due to an action potential that causes depolarization of the neuron ...
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Ch 35 PowerPoint - Damien Rutkoski
Ch 35 PowerPoint - Damien Rutkoski

... the fluid-filled cochlea. The cochlea is lined with tiny hair cells that are pushed back and forth by these pressure waves. In response to these movements, the hair cells produce nerve impulses that are sent to the brain through the auditory nerve. ...
Nervous System Outline
Nervous System Outline

... a. Cell body - This is the part of the neuron where the organelles, including the nucleus, are located. b. Dendrite - The dendrite is the receiving end of the neuron. It acts as a receptor of information. Some neurons have numerous dendrites all branching out as receptors. c. Axon - The axon is the ...
Terms - IS MU
Terms - IS MU

... peripheral nervous system and (b) its development. Each Schwann cell myelinates a single axon, to which it is directly apposed. During development (anticlockwise) Schwann cells loosely ensheath axons and the myelin sheath grows around the axon to form ...
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... support for the neurons of the CNS, include - protoplasmic astrocytes; - fibrous astrocytes • Ependimal cells – form the lining of the ventricles of the brain and of the spinal canal • Microglia – the phagocytic cells of the CNS ...
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... Sweat glands and blood vessel smooth muscle are only innervated by sympathetic nerves and rely strictly on up-down control. ...
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Objectives: 1. For normal neurons, understand structure and function

... Neurons may be the site of storage of uncatabolized substances, such as lipids, in a number of inborn errors of metabolism resulting from deficiencies of lysosomal enzymes. ...
Module 3:Neural conduction and transmission Lecture 13
Module 3:Neural conduction and transmission Lecture 13

... magnitude of the sensation, rather they follow all-or-none principle. This principle states that the nerve fibers either respond to the limit of their capability or do not get excited at all. A weak stimulation not capable of generating an impulse might end up resulting into local excitatory process ...
Human Anatomy, First Edition McKinley&O'Loughlin
Human Anatomy, First Edition McKinley&O'Loughlin

... Three dense regular connective tissue layers that separate the soft tissue of the brain from the bones of the cranium. Enclose and protect blood vessels that supply the brain. Contain and circulate cerebrospinal fluid. Parts of the cranial meninges form some of the veins that drain blood from the br ...
How the Nervous System Works
How the Nervous System Works

... The nervous system receives information about what is happening both inside and outside your body. It also directs the way in which your body responds to this information. In addition, the nervous system helps maintain homeostasis. A stimulus is any change or signal in the environment that can make ...
Chapter 2 Powerpoint
Chapter 2 Powerpoint

...  a technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer-generated images that distinguish among different types of soft tissue; allows us to see structures within the brain ...
History of the Nervous System Cells of the Nervous System
History of the Nervous System Cells of the Nervous System

... Dandy-Walker Malformation -Enlarged posterior fossa -Cerebellar vermis is absent (associated w/ posture and locomotion) -Large midline cyst lined w/ ependymal and contiguous w/ leptomeninges represents the 4th ventricle and replaces the cerebellar vermis ...
Lecture 2 Powerpoint file
Lecture 2 Powerpoint file

... Neurons are electrically active • Importance of the Action Potential – AP “spikes” can be measured with electrodes placed beside the cell - a powerful tool in measuring neural responses to various stimuli ...
Neurons - E-Learning/An-Najah National University
Neurons - E-Learning/An-Najah National University

... Neurons, also called nerve cells, are highly specialized to transmit messages (nerve impulses) from one part of the body to another. Although neurons differ structurally, they have many common features (Figure 7.4). All have a cell body, which contains the nucleus and is the metabolic center of the ...
nervousmedterm
nervousmedterm

... •Serves as relay center for sensations •Integrates with the ANS in the control of: Heart rate Blood pressure Temperature control Behavioral responses Water and electrolyte balance ...
ch 3 the brain pp - Madeira City Schools
ch 3 the brain pp - Madeira City Schools

... Structure of the Cortex Each brain hemisphere is divided into four lobes that are separated by prominent fissures. These lobes are the frontal lobe (forehead), parietal lobe (top to rear head), occipital lobe (back head) and temporal lobe (side of ...
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Circumventricular organs

Circumventricular organs (CVOs) are structures in the brain that are characterized by their extensive vasculature and lack of a normal blood brain barrier (BBB). The CVOs allow for the linkage between the central nervous system and peripheral blood flow; additionally they are an integral part of neuroendocrine function. The lack of a blood brain barrier allows the CVOs to act as an alternative route for peptides and hormones in the neural tissue to the peripheral blood stream, while still protecting it from toxic substances. CVOs can be classified into (a) sensory and (b) secretory organs. The sensory organs include the area postrema (AP), the subfornical organ (SFO) and the vascular organ of lamina terminalis. They have the ability to sense plasma molecules and then pass that information into other regions of the brain. Through this, they provide direct information to the autonomic nervous system from the systemic circulation. The secretory organs include the subcommissural organ (SCO), the posterior pituitary, the pineal gland, the median eminence and the intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland. These organs are responsible for secreting hormones and glycoproteins into the peripheral vascular system using feedback from both the brain environment and external stimuli.All of the circumventricular organs, besides the SCO, contain extensive vasculature and fenestrated capillaries which leads to a ‘leaky’ BBB at the site of the organs. Furthermore, all CVOs contain neural tissue, allowing them to play a role in the neuroendocrine system. It is highly debated if the choroid plexus can be included as a CVO. It has a high concentration of fenestrated capillaries, but its lack of neural tissue and its primary role of producing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) usually excludes the choroid plexus from the CVO classification.Research has also linked CVOs to body fluid regulation, cardiovascular functions, immune responses, thirst, feeding behavior and reproductive behavior.
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