Pontine respiratory activity involved in inspiratory/expiratory phase
... phase-spanning neurons, located within the mPB/KF region, could be involved in IE phase transition (Cohen & Shaw 2004). The main hypothesis suggests Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B (2009) ...
... phase-spanning neurons, located within the mPB/KF region, could be involved in IE phase transition (Cohen & Shaw 2004). The main hypothesis suggests Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B (2009) ...
Cortical cfos Expression Reveals Broad Receptive Field Excitatory
... cortical neurons oscillate between periods of quiescent, hyperpolarized Downstates and active, depolarized Upstates. Downstate membrane potential (V m ) was similar, as was spike threshold (V rest fosGFP+ –62.89 ± 1.94 mV versus fosGFP– –60.59 ± 2.30 mV, n = 7 pairs, p = 0.375; V thresh fosGFP+ – 3 ...
... cortical neurons oscillate between periods of quiescent, hyperpolarized Downstates and active, depolarized Upstates. Downstate membrane potential (V m ) was similar, as was spike threshold (V rest fosGFP+ –62.89 ± 1.94 mV versus fosGFP– –60.59 ± 2.30 mV, n = 7 pairs, p = 0.375; V thresh fosGFP+ – 3 ...
emg and ncs: a practical approach to
... – Late responses: F waves and H-reflex – Upper and lower limb mixed nerve studies (transpalmar and medial/lateral plantar studies) ...
... – Late responses: F waves and H-reflex – Upper and lower limb mixed nerve studies (transpalmar and medial/lateral plantar studies) ...
Activity of Defined Mushroom Body Output Neurons
... We also restricted the blockade of M4/6 neurons to the time of memory retrieval by training flies at the permissive 23 C and raising the temperature to 32 C 30 min before and during testing 24 hr appetitive memory. These analyses again uncovered a significant defect in flies with impaired M4/6 neu ...
... We also restricted the blockade of M4/6 neurons to the time of memory retrieval by training flies at the permissive 23 C and raising the temperature to 32 C 30 min before and during testing 24 hr appetitive memory. These analyses again uncovered a significant defect in flies with impaired M4/6 neu ...
thalamus
... Ventrolateral Nucleus Afferents: Cerebellum ( dentate nucleus), Globus pallidus Efferents: 4,6 ( pre- and primary motor cortex) ...
... Ventrolateral Nucleus Afferents: Cerebellum ( dentate nucleus), Globus pallidus Efferents: 4,6 ( pre- and primary motor cortex) ...
Effect of Adrenalectomy on Miniature Inhibitory Postsynaptic
... Verkuyl, J. M. and M. Joëls. Effect of adrenalectomy on miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. J Neurophysiol 89: 237–245, 2003; 10.1152/jn.00401.2002. Within the rat paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus two types of neurons have been d ...
... Verkuyl, J. M. and M. Joëls. Effect of adrenalectomy on miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. J Neurophysiol 89: 237–245, 2003; 10.1152/jn.00401.2002. Within the rat paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus two types of neurons have been d ...
Skeletal System
... – The motor unit is a two neuron chain – The cell body of the first neuron, the preganglionic neuron, resides in the brain or spinal cord – Its axon, the preganglionic axon, synapses with the second motor neuron, the postganglionic neuron, in an autonomic ganglion outside the central nervous system ...
... – The motor unit is a two neuron chain – The cell body of the first neuron, the preganglionic neuron, resides in the brain or spinal cord – Its axon, the preganglionic axon, synapses with the second motor neuron, the postganglionic neuron, in an autonomic ganglion outside the central nervous system ...
Histamine reduces firing and bursting of anterior and intralaminar
... Histamine receptor antagonists were applied to 27 thalamic neurons that were responsive to histamine. In 19 neurons (70%) the effects of histamine could be reduced or prevented by coadministration with mepyramine or cimetidine. The H1 receptor antagonist mepyramine reduced the inhibitory effect of h ...
... Histamine receptor antagonists were applied to 27 thalamic neurons that were responsive to histamine. In 19 neurons (70%) the effects of histamine could be reduced or prevented by coadministration with mepyramine or cimetidine. The H1 receptor antagonist mepyramine reduced the inhibitory effect of h ...
Center-Surround Interactions in the Middle Temporal Visual Area of
... attached, and a blood pressure cuff placed around the arm. Core body temperature was monitored with a rectal temperature probe and maintained at 37.5°C by a thermostat-controlled heating pad. End-tidal pCO2 was continuously monitored and maintained within physiological limits during electrophysiolog ...
... attached, and a blood pressure cuff placed around the arm. Core body temperature was monitored with a rectal temperature probe and maintained at 37.5°C by a thermostat-controlled heating pad. End-tidal pCO2 was continuously monitored and maintained within physiological limits during electrophysiolog ...
Document
... CHAPTER 13 CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM: Brain and Spinal Cord CHAPTER OVERVIEW: This chapter provides an overview of the embryological development of the nervous system and detailed descriptions of the structure and function of the adult brain and spinal cord. Brain functions that are identified with a p ...
... CHAPTER 13 CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM: Brain and Spinal Cord CHAPTER OVERVIEW: This chapter provides an overview of the embryological development of the nervous system and detailed descriptions of the structure and function of the adult brain and spinal cord. Brain functions that are identified with a p ...
Stochastic fluctuations of the synaptic function
... synapses produced quantal Excitatory PostSynaptic Currents (EPSCs) with peak amplitudes having a 5-65 pA range. The histogram of the peak amplitudes showed a long right tail. If the variability of the postsynaptic response observed in hippocampal neurons should be extended to all the neurons of brai ...
... synapses produced quantal Excitatory PostSynaptic Currents (EPSCs) with peak amplitudes having a 5-65 pA range. The histogram of the peak amplitudes showed a long right tail. If the variability of the postsynaptic response observed in hippocampal neurons should be extended to all the neurons of brai ...
Mapping Function Onto Neuronal Morphology
... of the neurons, the fitness functions, and the genetic algorithm. The sets of equations are only weakly connected. By this we mean that one set of equations provides only parameters, initial or boundary conditions to the other set of equations. There is, however, no continuous coupling with the stat ...
... of the neurons, the fitness functions, and the genetic algorithm. The sets of equations are only weakly connected. By this we mean that one set of equations provides only parameters, initial or boundary conditions to the other set of equations. There is, however, no continuous coupling with the stat ...
Print this article - University of Toronto Journal of Undergraduate Life
... dystonic movements. In addition, involuntary writhing movements along the axis of a limb, termed athetosis, are idiosyncratic to levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LIDs) and are typically disordered and uncoordinated [10]. About 30% of PD patients suffer from dyskinesia after 4-6 years of levodopa therap ...
... dystonic movements. In addition, involuntary writhing movements along the axis of a limb, termed athetosis, are idiosyncratic to levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LIDs) and are typically disordered and uncoordinated [10]. About 30% of PD patients suffer from dyskinesia after 4-6 years of levodopa therap ...
Your Nervous System - Springfield Public Schools
... such as a flame? Most likely you have noticed that your hand automatically jerks away. This type of automatic response to your environment is called a reflex. A reflex action is shown in Figure 12. In some reflex actions, the actions of the skeletal muscles are controlled by the spinal cord only—not ...
... such as a flame? Most likely you have noticed that your hand automatically jerks away. This type of automatic response to your environment is called a reflex. A reflex action is shown in Figure 12. In some reflex actions, the actions of the skeletal muscles are controlled by the spinal cord only—not ...
Suzuki and Eichenbaum, 2000
... to sample) or the stimulus that does not match the sample (delayed nonmatch to sample). Another commonly used version of this task is the “continuous” delayed nonmatch to sample task.17 In this task, stimuli are presented to the animal sequentially, separated by delay intervals. Animals are rewarded ...
... to sample) or the stimulus that does not match the sample (delayed nonmatch to sample). Another commonly used version of this task is the “continuous” delayed nonmatch to sample task.17 In this task, stimuli are presented to the animal sequentially, separated by delay intervals. Animals are rewarded ...
interoception and the sentient self
... would have recognized the central continuation of the pathway they had envisioned and the unmistakable confirmation of their proposal. The sensory pathway that is described in the following sections provides not only the sensory inputs required for organotopic homeostatic control of the body’s condi ...
... would have recognized the central continuation of the pathway they had envisioned and the unmistakable confirmation of their proposal. The sensory pathway that is described in the following sections provides not only the sensory inputs required for organotopic homeostatic control of the body’s condi ...
Target-specific differences in somatodendritic morphology of layer V
... Dendritic geometry has been shown to be a critical determinant of information processing and neuronal computation. However, it is not known whether cortical projection neurons that target different subcortical nuclei have distinct dendritic morphologies. In this study, fast blue retrograde tracing i ...
... Dendritic geometry has been shown to be a critical determinant of information processing and neuronal computation. However, it is not known whether cortical projection neurons that target different subcortical nuclei have distinct dendritic morphologies. In this study, fast blue retrograde tracing i ...
HIPPOCAMPUS
... expressing basket, axo-axonic, bistratified and O-LM cells. The cells have differential temporal firing patterns during theta and ripple oscillations.The spike probability plots show that during different network oscillations representing two distinct brain states, interneurones of the same connecti ...
... expressing basket, axo-axonic, bistratified and O-LM cells. The cells have differential temporal firing patterns during theta and ripple oscillations.The spike probability plots show that during different network oscillations representing two distinct brain states, interneurones of the same connecti ...
supplemental figures
... started being activated from trigger (neuron #157). (b) An example of neurons first inhibited at trigger, then activated after trigger (neuron #197). (c) An example of neurons started being activated before the trigger (neuron #233). The inset color bar in all panels beside x axis is thermograph of ...
... started being activated from trigger (neuron #157). (b) An example of neurons first inhibited at trigger, then activated after trigger (neuron #197). (c) An example of neurons started being activated before the trigger (neuron #233). The inset color bar in all panels beside x axis is thermograph of ...
Biophysical Properties and Responses to Neurotransmitters of
... passive membrane properties of these ganglion neurons were examined and compared with each other. There were significant differences between the properties of neurons in the PG and GG ganglia. The mean membrane time constant, spike threshold, action potential halfwidth, and action potential decay ti ...
... passive membrane properties of these ganglion neurons were examined and compared with each other. There were significant differences between the properties of neurons in the PG and GG ganglia. The mean membrane time constant, spike threshold, action potential halfwidth, and action potential decay ti ...
