Odorant-induced Oscillations in the Mushroom Bodies of
... leads to specific defects in olfactory learning. In honeybees, the volume of the mushroom body neuropils may depend on the age or social status of the individual. Although the anatomy of these neurons has been known for nearly a century, their physiological properties and the principles of informati ...
... leads to specific defects in olfactory learning. In honeybees, the volume of the mushroom body neuropils may depend on the age or social status of the individual. Although the anatomy of these neurons has been known for nearly a century, their physiological properties and the principles of informati ...
Organization of the primary somatosensory cortex and wing
... activity at the cortical surface. Hence, the recording sites were located mostly in the supragranular cortical layers II/III, a few possibly in layer IV. While the electrode was advanced into the cortex, the body surface of the bat, including the wing membrane, was stimulated using von Frey monoWlam ...
... activity at the cortical surface. Hence, the recording sites were located mostly in the supragranular cortical layers II/III, a few possibly in layer IV. While the electrode was advanced into the cortex, the body surface of the bat, including the wing membrane, was stimulated using von Frey monoWlam ...
Channels active in the excitability of nerves and skeletal muscles
... Primer on Neuronal Action Potentials As described in numerous physiology textbooks (4), the resting membrane potential of mammalian neurons is about ⫺70 mV. When an input signal occurs, mechanically, chemically, or voltage-gated channels (usually Na⫹, Cl⫺, or Ca2⫹) open to lead to a graded potential ...
... Primer on Neuronal Action Potentials As described in numerous physiology textbooks (4), the resting membrane potential of mammalian neurons is about ⫺70 mV. When an input signal occurs, mechanically, chemically, or voltage-gated channels (usually Na⫹, Cl⫺, or Ca2⫹) open to lead to a graded potential ...
Neurons - Images
... located outside the CNS; both branches really function as 1 axon the peripheral branch is associated with dendrites near a peripheral body part and has a “trigger zone” – the initial portion of the axon the other branch enters the brain or spinal cord Human Anatomy & Physiology P. Wilson ...
... located outside the CNS; both branches really function as 1 axon the peripheral branch is associated with dendrites near a peripheral body part and has a “trigger zone” – the initial portion of the axon the other branch enters the brain or spinal cord Human Anatomy & Physiology P. Wilson ...
Exposure to excess glucocorticoids alters dendritic
... observed decreases in the number of apical dendritic branch points and total apical dendritic length in a 100-/~m-thick section with C O R T treatment. The fact that we observed no differences in cross-sectional cell body area supports the notion that the cells selected for quantitative analysis in ...
... observed decreases in the number of apical dendritic branch points and total apical dendritic length in a 100-/~m-thick section with C O R T treatment. The fact that we observed no differences in cross-sectional cell body area supports the notion that the cells selected for quantitative analysis in ...
A horizontal spinal cord slice preparation for studying descending
... Since the introduction and widespread use of in vitro spinal cord slice preparations, studies of evoked synaptic transmission in spinal neurons have concentrated on inputs from two sources; those from primary afferents and local circuit neurons. This focus is due largely to practical considerations. ...
... Since the introduction and widespread use of in vitro spinal cord slice preparations, studies of evoked synaptic transmission in spinal neurons have concentrated on inputs from two sources; those from primary afferents and local circuit neurons. This focus is due largely to practical considerations. ...
Human Lateral Geniculate Nucleus and Visual Cortex Respond to
... the face stimulus was on, and they disappeared during the black screen period (Fig 4). They were not observed at the adjacent contacts. As represented on the time-frequency maps during the face paradigm, the oscillations begin after the transient response to the stimulus. The off transient response ...
... the face stimulus was on, and they disappeared during the black screen period (Fig 4). They were not observed at the adjacent contacts. As represented on the time-frequency maps during the face paradigm, the oscillations begin after the transient response to the stimulus. The off transient response ...
Channels active in the excitability of nerves and skeletal muscles
... The NH2-terminus is a ball-and-chain inactivation structure. [From Ref. 13.] Advances in Physiology Education • VOL ...
... The NH2-terminus is a ball-and-chain inactivation structure. [From Ref. 13.] Advances in Physiology Education • VOL ...
REVIEWS - Department Of Biological Sciences Hunter College
... to the formation of dendritic fields, which are specific for each neuronal type. Under the guidance of attractive or repulsive factors2, axonal growth cones migrate towards their target neurons and eventually make contact with them to form synapses3, in a process that must require elaborate recognit ...
... to the formation of dendritic fields, which are specific for each neuronal type. Under the guidance of attractive or repulsive factors2, axonal growth cones migrate towards their target neurons and eventually make contact with them to form synapses3, in a process that must require elaborate recognit ...
Synaptic Transmisson
... neurone. They, can be made to do so by a process called summation where neurotransmitter builds up in the synapse by one of two methods: a) ...
... neurone. They, can be made to do so by a process called summation where neurotransmitter builds up in the synapse by one of two methods: a) ...
Nervous System - Neuron and Nerve Impulse PowerPoint
... goose bumps -- when tiny muscles attached to each hair on surface of skin tense up, the hairs are forced upright, pulling skin with them) • smooth muscle relaxes in order to allow more oxygen into the lungs • nonessential systems (like digestion and immune system) shut down to allow more energy for ...
... goose bumps -- when tiny muscles attached to each hair on surface of skin tense up, the hairs are forced upright, pulling skin with them) • smooth muscle relaxes in order to allow more oxygen into the lungs • nonessential systems (like digestion and immune system) shut down to allow more energy for ...
Chapter 14-Nervous Tissue
... smaller than neurons; capable of mitosis assist neurons with functions; protect and nourish neurons • 4 types – distinguished by size, intracellular organization, presence of specific cytoplasmic processes ...
... smaller than neurons; capable of mitosis assist neurons with functions; protect and nourish neurons • 4 types – distinguished by size, intracellular organization, presence of specific cytoplasmic processes ...
Final Exam Answers
... *B. 1 to 3 msec after the cell membrane potential has been hyperpolarized back to near the resting membrane potential. C. 50 to 100 msec after the cell membrane potential has been hyperpolarized back to near the resting membrane potential. D. after Na+ ions stop flowing through the channel. 3. On th ...
... *B. 1 to 3 msec after the cell membrane potential has been hyperpolarized back to near the resting membrane potential. C. 50 to 100 msec after the cell membrane potential has been hyperpolarized back to near the resting membrane potential. D. after Na+ ions stop flowing through the channel. 3. On th ...
Impaired Reelin-Dab1 Signaling Contributes to
... sections taken from 3-5 WT- or CKO- electroporated mice. Student’s t-test was applied to assess the statistical significance. P<0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. Leading process analysis: To analyze leading process complexity and length, we prepared thick sections using a vibratome. Fo ...
... sections taken from 3-5 WT- or CKO- electroporated mice. Student’s t-test was applied to assess the statistical significance. P<0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. Leading process analysis: To analyze leading process complexity and length, we prepared thick sections using a vibratome. Fo ...
damage to oligodendrocytes and axons following endothelin 1
... events. The all-or-none law means that any stimulus large enough to produce an action potential produces the same size action potential, regardless of the stimulus strength. In other words, once the stimulus is above threshold, the amplitude of the response no longer reflects the amplitude of the st ...
... events. The all-or-none law means that any stimulus large enough to produce an action potential produces the same size action potential, regardless of the stimulus strength. In other words, once the stimulus is above threshold, the amplitude of the response no longer reflects the amplitude of the st ...
Is GABA excitatory or inhibitory at the AIS?
... Despite the seemingly ideal positioning of GABAergic synapses on the AIS for inhibition, the actions of GABA directly depend on the balance of intracellular and extracellular chloride concentration. High levels of extracellular chloride cause it to rush into the cell upon GABA activation whereas ...
... Despite the seemingly ideal positioning of GABAergic synapses on the AIS for inhibition, the actions of GABA directly depend on the balance of intracellular and extracellular chloride concentration. High levels of extracellular chloride cause it to rush into the cell upon GABA activation whereas ...
Place cells, neocortex and spatial navigation: a short review
... in the environment. In general, place cells fire independently of the direction faced by the rat: place cell discharge recorded from a rat exploring a circular arena varies only with the rat’s location [39]. This property strongly suggests that the best correlate of place cells is the animal’s locati ...
... in the environment. In general, place cells fire independently of the direction faced by the rat: place cell discharge recorded from a rat exploring a circular arena varies only with the rat’s location [39]. This property strongly suggests that the best correlate of place cells is the animal’s locati ...
PAPER Glucosensing neurons do more than just sense glucose
... neuron that uses glucose as a signaling molecule to alter cell function and neuronal activity. This distinguishes glucosensing neurons from the majority of neurons which utilize glucose simply as a metabolic substrate to fuel increases in neuronal activity and metabolic demands. As it turns out, glu ...
... neuron that uses glucose as a signaling molecule to alter cell function and neuronal activity. This distinguishes glucosensing neurons from the majority of neurons which utilize glucose simply as a metabolic substrate to fuel increases in neuronal activity and metabolic demands. As it turns out, glu ...
Imaging the Functional Organization of Zebrafish
... cell in hindbrain segment 4 and two other neurons, MiD2cm and MiD3cm, in segments 5 and 6. All of these cells are morphologically similar, each having two major dendrites and an axon that crosses in the brain and descends along the length of the contralateral spinal cord. This set of homologs is of ...
... cell in hindbrain segment 4 and two other neurons, MiD2cm and MiD3cm, in segments 5 and 6. All of these cells are morphologically similar, each having two major dendrites and an axon that crosses in the brain and descends along the length of the contralateral spinal cord. This set of homologs is of ...
The Pathology of the Spinal Cord in Progressive
... all the cells that could be identified as neurons by their size and morphological features; the other took into account only cells with cytoplasmic features reminiscent of NFTs. With regard to the density of NTs and gliosis, a semi-quantitative system that takes into account the density of immunosta ...
... all the cells that could be identified as neurons by their size and morphological features; the other took into account only cells with cytoplasmic features reminiscent of NFTs. With regard to the density of NTs and gliosis, a semi-quantitative system that takes into account the density of immunosta ...
Functions of the Nervous System 1. Sensory input 2. Integration 3
... • Occasional branches (axon collaterals) ...
... • Occasional branches (axon collaterals) ...
Time constants
... Appendix 1: Full sources This section lists the exact values and ranges given in the original papers for the parameters listed in Table 1 and discussed in Secs. 2.1-2.3. ...
... Appendix 1: Full sources This section lists the exact values and ranges given in the original papers for the parameters listed in Table 1 and discussed in Secs. 2.1-2.3. ...
Single Cell Total RNA Sequencing through
... mainly focus on polyadenylated RNAs in eukaryotic cells by using oligo(dT) primers for reverse transcription. We develop a new RNA amplification method, “easier-seq”, to reverse transcribe and amplify the total RNAs, both with and without polyadenylate tails, from a single cell for transcriptome sequ ...
... mainly focus on polyadenylated RNAs in eukaryotic cells by using oligo(dT) primers for reverse transcription. We develop a new RNA amplification method, “easier-seq”, to reverse transcribe and amplify the total RNAs, both with and without polyadenylate tails, from a single cell for transcriptome sequ ...
Electrophysiology
Electrophysiology (from Greek ἥλεκτρον, ēlektron, ""amber"" [see the etymology of ""electron""]; φύσις, physis, ""nature, origin""; and -λογία, -logia) is the study of the electrical properties of biological cells and tissues. It involves measurements of voltage change or electric current on a wide variety of scales from single ion channel proteins to whole organs like the heart. In neuroscience, it includes measurements of the electrical activity of neurons, and particularly action potential activity. Recordings of large-scale electric signals from the nervous system such as electroencephalography, may also be referred to as electrophysiological recordings.