Target neuron prespecification in the olfactory map of Drosophila
... letters to nature model seems unlikely in both mice and Drosophila. We wanted to distinguish whether Drosophila projection neurons are speci®ed by virtue of their connection with ORNs (Fig. 1a) or are independently speci®ed (Fig. 1c). The MARCM (mosaic analysis with a repressible cell marker) syste ...
... letters to nature model seems unlikely in both mice and Drosophila. We wanted to distinguish whether Drosophila projection neurons are speci®ed by virtue of their connection with ORNs (Fig. 1a) or are independently speci®ed (Fig. 1c). The MARCM (mosaic analysis with a repressible cell marker) syste ...
A Simple Biophysically Plausible Model for Long Time
... detailed mechanisms based on the interplay between CAN current and intracellular calcium concentration that could account for stable firing (Fransen et al., 2002; Fransen et al., 2006), linearly growing firing (Durstewitz, 2003), and firing during an interval of learned duration (Shouval and Gavor ...
... detailed mechanisms based on the interplay between CAN current and intracellular calcium concentration that could account for stable firing (Fransen et al., 2002; Fransen et al., 2006), linearly growing firing (Durstewitz, 2003), and firing during an interval of learned duration (Shouval and Gavor ...
Papazian Lab Homepage Electrical excitability in the brain
... Lin, M.A., Abramson, J., and Papazian, D.M. (2009) Transfer of ion binding site from ether-à-go-go to Shaker: Mg2+ binds to resting state to modulate channel opening. Submitted for publication. Figueroa, K.P.*, Minassian, N.A.*, Stevanin G., Waters, M., Garibyan, V., Bürk, K., Brice, A., Dürr, A., ...
... Lin, M.A., Abramson, J., and Papazian, D.M. (2009) Transfer of ion binding site from ether-à-go-go to Shaker: Mg2+ binds to resting state to modulate channel opening. Submitted for publication. Figueroa, K.P.*, Minassian, N.A.*, Stevanin G., Waters, M., Garibyan, V., Bürk, K., Brice, A., Dürr, A., ...
Extended PDF
... of the developing neocortex are the progenitors that produce nearly all excitatory neurons (Kriegstein and Alvarez-Buylla, 2009). Prior to neurogenesis, radial glial progenitors (RGPs) divide symmetrically to amplify the progenitor pool. During the neurogenic phase, RGPs are believed to divide asymm ...
... of the developing neocortex are the progenitors that produce nearly all excitatory neurons (Kriegstein and Alvarez-Buylla, 2009). Prior to neurogenesis, radial glial progenitors (RGPs) divide symmetrically to amplify the progenitor pool. During the neurogenic phase, RGPs are believed to divide asymm ...
Parallel Evolution of Cortical Areas Involved in Skilled Hand Use
... sulcus of the cebus was mapped in detail using electrophysiological methods. Our primary goal was to examine the organization of the cortex in the expected location of cortical fields 2 and 5. The organization of areas 3b and 1 have been documented previously in cebus monkeys (Felleman et al., 1983) ...
... sulcus of the cebus was mapped in detail using electrophysiological methods. Our primary goal was to examine the organization of the cortex in the expected location of cortical fields 2 and 5. The organization of areas 3b and 1 have been documented previously in cebus monkeys (Felleman et al., 1983) ...
Distinct Functions of 3 and V Integrin Receptors
... adhesion during development. Functional integrin receptors are heterodimers of a and b subunits. There are 16 a subunits and 8 b subunits, and they dimerize in multiple combinations to form over 20 different integrin receptors (Hynes, 1992). In general, a subunits are thought to play a determinant r ...
... adhesion during development. Functional integrin receptors are heterodimers of a and b subunits. There are 16 a subunits and 8 b subunits, and they dimerize in multiple combinations to form over 20 different integrin receptors (Hynes, 1992). In general, a subunits are thought to play a determinant r ...
Aggregation of Sodium Channels during Development and
... junction. Electron microscopy has revealed that the NaCh and AChR exhibit nearly complementary distributions at the synapse, with AChRs confined mainly to the crests of the postsynaptic folds and NaChs lining the postsynaptic troughs (Flucher and Daniels, 1989). Little is known about changes in NaCh ...
... junction. Electron microscopy has revealed that the NaCh and AChR exhibit nearly complementary distributions at the synapse, with AChRs confined mainly to the crests of the postsynaptic folds and NaChs lining the postsynaptic troughs (Flucher and Daniels, 1989). Little is known about changes in NaCh ...
Size and number of binucleate and mononucleate superior
... performed, so that 60–80 serial and consecutive sections were cut at 2 lm thickness. The sections were mounted on glass slides, numbered and stained with Toluidine Blue. After applying forbidden and acceptance lines from the beginning to the end of each serial sectioning set, images were captured us ...
... performed, so that 60–80 serial and consecutive sections were cut at 2 lm thickness. The sections were mounted on glass slides, numbered and stained with Toluidine Blue. After applying forbidden and acceptance lines from the beginning to the end of each serial sectioning set, images were captured us ...
Increased cell proliferation and granule cell number in the dentate
... All antisera used in immunohistochemical experiments were obtained from commercial sources. Neurons were identified by using a mouse monoclonal antibody that recognizes the neuron-specific nuclear protein NeuN (MAB377, Chemicon International, Temecula, CA; diluted 1:1,000). This antibody was raised ...
... All antisera used in immunohistochemical experiments were obtained from commercial sources. Neurons were identified by using a mouse monoclonal antibody that recognizes the neuron-specific nuclear protein NeuN (MAB377, Chemicon International, Temecula, CA; diluted 1:1,000). This antibody was raised ...
Neuroscience - Thermo Fisher Scientific
... Synapse formation during nervous system development and degeneration in the pathogenesis of human neurological diseases are highly regulated processes. Subtle changes in the environment of the complex neuronal network may cause either breakdown or creation of synaptic connections. Drug discovery scr ...
... Synapse formation during nervous system development and degeneration in the pathogenesis of human neurological diseases are highly regulated processes. Subtle changes in the environment of the complex neuronal network may cause either breakdown or creation of synaptic connections. Drug discovery scr ...
Biophysics of Extracellular Action Potentials
... I compared constraining a compartmental model to fit the EAP with matching the intracellular action potential (IAP). I find that the IAP method underconstrains the parameters. The distinguishing characteristics of the EAP constrain the parameters and are fairly invariant to electrode position and ce ...
... I compared constraining a compartmental model to fit the EAP with matching the intracellular action potential (IAP). I find that the IAP method underconstrains the parameters. The distinguishing characteristics of the EAP constrain the parameters and are fairly invariant to electrode position and ce ...
vited Re vie w ln Substance P: A neurotransmitter of
... fiber layers. These processes often end upon the retina1 vasculature. SP-IR ganglion cells have been described in turtle, rabbit and human retinas. In turtle, intracellular dye injection has revealed the morphology of one type of SPIR ganglion cell as being a large-field monostratified cell with a b ...
... fiber layers. These processes often end upon the retina1 vasculature. SP-IR ganglion cells have been described in turtle, rabbit and human retinas. In turtle, intracellular dye injection has revealed the morphology of one type of SPIR ganglion cell as being a large-field monostratified cell with a b ...
TESIS DOCTORAL Dynamics and Synchronization in Neuronal Models
... in detail the structure and concluded that the nervous system was composed of individual neurons rather than a continuum. For this discovery, Cajal was awarded with the 1906 Nobel Price in Medicine. Nowadays, neuroscience is a broad field where many disciplines converge to tackle questions like how ...
... in detail the structure and concluded that the nervous system was composed of individual neurons rather than a continuum. For this discovery, Cajal was awarded with the 1906 Nobel Price in Medicine. Nowadays, neuroscience is a broad field where many disciplines converge to tackle questions like how ...
Full version (PDF file)
... The amplitudes of both DPSPs were graded with the intensity of the stimulation (ventral n=10, dorsal n=4) (Fig. 2A), decreased with membrane potential depolarization and increased with membrane potential hyperpolarization (ventral n=3, dorsal n=3) (Fig. 2B). These synaptic potentials were also rever ...
... The amplitudes of both DPSPs were graded with the intensity of the stimulation (ventral n=10, dorsal n=4) (Fig. 2A), decreased with membrane potential depolarization and increased with membrane potential hyperpolarization (ventral n=3, dorsal n=3) (Fig. 2B). These synaptic potentials were also rever ...
The horizontal brain slice preparation: a novel approach for
... the pattern and strength of the different inputs received by outer-layer neurons can be explored. Also, this preparation makes it possible to study the development of local tectal-tectal connectivity between the different layers. Although it is evident that there exists extensive local connectivity ...
... the pattern and strength of the different inputs received by outer-layer neurons can be explored. Also, this preparation makes it possible to study the development of local tectal-tectal connectivity between the different layers. Although it is evident that there exists extensive local connectivity ...
Molecular Underpinnings of Motor Pattern Generation: Differential
... normalized for each ganglion by dividing all cells for a particular ganglion by the cell having the highest integrated density for that ganglion. Thus, relative intensities for individual cells ranged from a maximum of one to a minimum that asymptotically approached zero. The magnification was such ...
... normalized for each ganglion by dividing all cells for a particular ganglion by the cell having the highest integrated density for that ganglion. Thus, relative intensities for individual cells ranged from a maximum of one to a minimum that asymptotically approached zero. The magnification was such ...
Physiology of muscles and nerves
... (1) Passive outward diffusion of K+ ions (diffusion potential) (figure 4.2) which alone is responsible for about 95% of RMP than will the inward diffusion of Na+ ions. This is because the permeability of the membrane to K+ ions is 100 times more than Na+ channels. This outward diffusion of K+ will c ...
... (1) Passive outward diffusion of K+ ions (diffusion potential) (figure 4.2) which alone is responsible for about 95% of RMP than will the inward diffusion of Na+ ions. This is because the permeability of the membrane to K+ ions is 100 times more than Na+ channels. This outward diffusion of K+ will c ...
1 1 2 3 Efficient Generation of Reciprocal Signals by Inhibition 4 5 6
... additional parameters such as spike shape and peak and valley amplitudes and half ...
... additional parameters such as spike shape and peak and valley amplitudes and half ...
Thalamic Activity that Drives Visual Cortical Plasticity
... • Lid Closure: no effect on ISI distribution • Retinal Inactivation: shift to the left in ISI distribution; increased probability of ISI’s 2-4ms – dLGN firing in bursts ...
... • Lid Closure: no effect on ISI distribution • Retinal Inactivation: shift to the left in ISI distribution; increased probability of ISI’s 2-4ms – dLGN firing in bursts ...
increase in osmiophilia of axonal membranes of crayfish as a result
... every -0 .1 µ, forming complex lattices . At their points of connection the tubules enlarge into spherical cavities --500 A in diameter . The membranes of the tubules are continuous with the cell membrane, and the lumen of the channel system is open to the extracellular space on both sides of the ce ...
... every -0 .1 µ, forming complex lattices . At their points of connection the tubules enlarge into spherical cavities --500 A in diameter . The membranes of the tubules are continuous with the cell membrane, and the lumen of the channel system is open to the extracellular space on both sides of the ce ...
FREE Sample Here
... Study Objective 1: SO 12.3 Describe the types of electrical signals that permit communication among neurons. Study Objective 2: SO 12.3.3 Describe the factors that maintain a resting membrane potential. Section Reference 1: Sec 12.3 Electrical Signals in Neurons 12) Na+/K+–ATPase is considered to be ...
... Study Objective 1: SO 12.3 Describe the types of electrical signals that permit communication among neurons. Study Objective 2: SO 12.3.3 Describe the factors that maintain a resting membrane potential. Section Reference 1: Sec 12.3 Electrical Signals in Neurons 12) Na+/K+–ATPase is considered to be ...
Effects of acetylcholine on neuronal properties in entorhinal cortex James G. Heys
... septum and the vertical limb of the diagonal band of Broca (MSDB). To understand how cholinergic neurotransmission can modulate behavior, research has been directed toward identification of the specific cellular mechanisms in EC that can be modulated through cholinergic activity. This review focuses ...
... septum and the vertical limb of the diagonal band of Broca (MSDB). To understand how cholinergic neurotransmission can modulate behavior, research has been directed toward identification of the specific cellular mechanisms in EC that can be modulated through cholinergic activity. This review focuses ...
Regulation of Neuroblast Cell-Cycle Kinetics Plays a Crucial Role in
... observed number of silver grains. Dobs and DNmax are the equivalent diameters of the observed nucleus and the nucleus presenting the maximal labeling intensity, respectively (Appleton et al., 1969; C lark et al., 1990). Figure 1 illustrates the important variations of the apparent diameter of nuclei ...
... observed number of silver grains. Dobs and DNmax are the equivalent diameters of the observed nucleus and the nucleus presenting the maximal labeling intensity, respectively (Appleton et al., 1969; C lark et al., 1990). Figure 1 illustrates the important variations of the apparent diameter of nuclei ...
Electrophysiology
Electrophysiology (from Greek ἥλεκτρον, ēlektron, ""amber"" [see the etymology of ""electron""]; φύσις, physis, ""nature, origin""; and -λογία, -logia) is the study of the electrical properties of biological cells and tissues. It involves measurements of voltage change or electric current on a wide variety of scales from single ion channel proteins to whole organs like the heart. In neuroscience, it includes measurements of the electrical activity of neurons, and particularly action potential activity. Recordings of large-scale electric signals from the nervous system such as electroencephalography, may also be referred to as electrophysiological recordings.