NCCMA 6956 - Algae Fact Sheet
... types of algae in these conditions because of its ability to regulate its position in the water column. Blue-green algal blooms can be quite hazardous to humans and animals due to the toxins some species produce. A variety of toxins may be produced depending on the species present and can have varie ...
... types of algae in these conditions because of its ability to regulate its position in the water column. Blue-green algal blooms can be quite hazardous to humans and animals due to the toxins some species produce. A variety of toxins may be produced depending on the species present and can have varie ...
Gasik, Novak Groshong. Does Ivy Growth in Riverview Natural Area
... effect on germination rate for Coreopsis lanceolata seeds, but only when the ivy was physically present. No difference between ivy soil or non ivy soil was detected in the germination rate (Biggerstaff 2007). Dlugosch performed one of the only studies on ivy in Pacific Northwest, in which areas with ...
... effect on germination rate for Coreopsis lanceolata seeds, but only when the ivy was physically present. No difference between ivy soil or non ivy soil was detected in the germination rate (Biggerstaff 2007). Dlugosch performed one of the only studies on ivy in Pacific Northwest, in which areas with ...
Seasonal changes of trophic transfer efficiencies
... M; = B;-0.25, where B; represents the biomass of size class i. This approach accounts for the higher weight-specific activities of small organisms. Size distributions and predator-prey weight ratios were calculated repeatedly based on somewhat different yet feasible assumptions to evaluate the impac ...
... M; = B;-0.25, where B; represents the biomass of size class i. This approach accounts for the higher weight-specific activities of small organisms. Size distributions and predator-prey weight ratios were calculated repeatedly based on somewhat different yet feasible assumptions to evaluate the impac ...
Significance of Plankton Community Structure and Nutrient
... boosting dinoflagellate growth rates (bottom-up control) [6], but also by changing the structure and dynamics of plankton communities, including grazers and parasites that are natural enemies of dinoflagellates (top-down control) [7–9]. Amongst the top-down mechanisms influencing dinoflagellate bloo ...
... boosting dinoflagellate growth rates (bottom-up control) [6], but also by changing the structure and dynamics of plankton communities, including grazers and parasites that are natural enemies of dinoflagellates (top-down control) [7–9]. Amongst the top-down mechanisms influencing dinoflagellate bloo ...
Biosynthesis - Planetary Biology
... makeup and what they do. For example, sugar molecules (see panel 7.2) are small. Their main benefit is the ability to store energy. By contrast, enzyme molecules (a type of protein) are relatively large. They speed up the chemistry of life. All living things are endlessly engaged in a process of sel ...
... makeup and what they do. For example, sugar molecules (see panel 7.2) are small. Their main benefit is the ability to store energy. By contrast, enzyme molecules (a type of protein) are relatively large. They speed up the chemistry of life. All living things are endlessly engaged in a process of sel ...
williams series - Soils 4 Teachers
... Additionally, use of these soils for septic systems is limited due to low water flow. Although these limitations can restrict some agricultural crops and construction designs, Williams soils are excellent for supporting natural grassland ecosystems. Management Williams soils are highly calcareous, w ...
... Additionally, use of these soils for septic systems is limited due to low water flow. Although these limitations can restrict some agricultural crops and construction designs, Williams soils are excellent for supporting natural grassland ecosystems. Management Williams soils are highly calcareous, w ...
Distinguishing between direct and indirect effects of predators in
... species loss for ecosystems and the goods and services they provide. Species at higher trophic levels are at greater risk of human-induced extinction yet remarkably little is known about the effects of consumer species loss across multiple trophic levels in natural complex ecosystems. Previous studi ...
... species loss for ecosystems and the goods and services they provide. Species at higher trophic levels are at greater risk of human-induced extinction yet remarkably little is known about the effects of consumer species loss across multiple trophic levels in natural complex ecosystems. Previous studi ...
Stoichiometry and population dynamics
... biomass are closely associated with growth rate in both autotrophs and heterotrophs (Elser et al. 2003a; Ågren 2004; Vrede et al. 2004). In autotrophs this variation has both inter- and intra-specific components, but it is generally recognized (Ågren 1988; Marschner 1995; Sterner & Elser 2002) tha ...
... biomass are closely associated with growth rate in both autotrophs and heterotrophs (Elser et al. 2003a; Ågren 2004; Vrede et al. 2004). In autotrophs this variation has both inter- and intra-specific components, but it is generally recognized (Ågren 1988; Marschner 1995; Sterner & Elser 2002) tha ...
Species of plants and associated arbsucular mycorrhizalfungi
... enrichment can mitigate plant growth depressions that are generated when C costs of AM fungi outweigh their nutrient uptake benefits (Jifton et al., 2002). Although many studies have shown that atmospheric CO2 enrichment increases percent root length colonization by AM fungi (Treseder, 2004), this e ...
... enrichment can mitigate plant growth depressions that are generated when C costs of AM fungi outweigh their nutrient uptake benefits (Jifton et al., 2002). Although many studies have shown that atmospheric CO2 enrichment increases percent root length colonization by AM fungi (Treseder, 2004), this e ...
Introduction to Watershed Ecology
... texture (see Definitions below). Soils often vary substantially from place to place within a watershed, and among different watersheds. To describe their differences, soils are classified into soil orders (see Soil Orders box). Knowing the basic differences among types of soils can be useful for und ...
... texture (see Definitions below). Soils often vary substantially from place to place within a watershed, and among different watersheds. To describe their differences, soils are classified into soil orders (see Soil Orders box). Knowing the basic differences among types of soils can be useful for und ...
Does plant trait plasticity explain the relative competitive ability of
... Besides the availability of a single element the balance between elements is an important determinant of species competition and therefore for species diversity (Güsewell, 2004; Olde Venterink and Gü ...
... Besides the availability of a single element the balance between elements is an important determinant of species competition and therefore for species diversity (Güsewell, 2004; Olde Venterink and Gü ...
Top predators, mesopredators and their prey: interference
... data were retrieved from the EU Corine data base and the proportions of broad-leaved forests, mixed forests, coniferous forests, agricultural land, wetlands and shrubs were calculated for each square. Agricultural land was included because it is the most productive land covers that tend to be conver ...
... data were retrieved from the EU Corine data base and the proportions of broad-leaved forests, mixed forests, coniferous forests, agricultural land, wetlands and shrubs were calculated for each square. Agricultural land was included because it is the most productive land covers that tend to be conver ...
Phytoplankton chytridiomycosis: fungal parasites of phytoplankton
... propagules includes chytrids within the so-called group of zoosporic fungi, which are particularly adapted to the plankton lifestyle where they infect a wide variety of hosts, including fishes, eggs, zooplankton, algae, and other aquatic fungi but primarily freshwater phytoplankton. Related ecologic ...
... propagules includes chytrids within the so-called group of zoosporic fungi, which are particularly adapted to the plankton lifestyle where they infect a wide variety of hosts, including fishes, eggs, zooplankton, algae, and other aquatic fungi but primarily freshwater phytoplankton. Related ecologic ...
Bottom-Up and Top-Down Interactions across Aquatic
... on more than one trophic level, while larval stages range from planktotrophic to non-feeding. Ontogenetic and adult omnivory may also augment the influence and effectiveness of invertebrate consumers in structuring rocky intertidal communities (Menge and Sutherland, 1987). Furthermore, highly mobile, ...
... on more than one trophic level, while larval stages range from planktotrophic to non-feeding. Ontogenetic and adult omnivory may also augment the influence and effectiveness of invertebrate consumers in structuring rocky intertidal communities (Menge and Sutherland, 1987). Furthermore, highly mobile, ...
Capítol 3
... 1998). These hypotheses assume that elevated CO2 concentrations promote a relative increase of carbon availability, that is accumulated in TNC and CBSSC when the provided carbon amounts exceed growth requirements (when the ratio source-sink raises) (Bryant et al., 1983; Herms and Mattson, 1992; Peñ ...
... 1998). These hypotheses assume that elevated CO2 concentrations promote a relative increase of carbon availability, that is accumulated in TNC and CBSSC when the provided carbon amounts exceed growth requirements (when the ratio source-sink raises) (Bryant et al., 1983; Herms and Mattson, 1992; Peñ ...
TOPIC 2 - MARKING SCHEME - International School Bangkok
... proportional to altitude [1]/Lower the altitude, more bird species [1]; at higher altitudes, temperature decreases so less NPP and so less food for birds [1]; less species at 3000 m and over as there is less land at these heights [1]/less ecological niches at altitude so less diversity [1]/low biolo ...
... proportional to altitude [1]/Lower the altitude, more bird species [1]; at higher altitudes, temperature decreases so less NPP and so less food for birds [1]; less species at 3000 m and over as there is less land at these heights [1]/less ecological niches at altitude so less diversity [1]/low biolo ...
Managing arid zone natural resources in Australia for spatial and
... soils, actual soil moisture in different elements of a landscape would evolve differently, depending on water movement (NoyMeir 1973; Pickup 1985; Stafford Smith and Morton 1990; Ludwig et al. 1997; Reynolds et al. 2004). Thus, the probability distribution of soil moisture events on a run-on area is ...
... soils, actual soil moisture in different elements of a landscape would evolve differently, depending on water movement (NoyMeir 1973; Pickup 1985; Stafford Smith and Morton 1990; Ludwig et al. 1997; Reynolds et al. 2004). Thus, the probability distribution of soil moisture events on a run-on area is ...
Restoration Ecology: Interventionist Approaches for - LERF
... to proceed may sometimes be the most effective way to return an ecosystem to a previous state. Where succession does not proceed along expected or desired trajectories, then intervention of some sort may be required (33, 34). There is, however, increasing recognition that ecosystem dynamics can be c ...
... to proceed may sometimes be the most effective way to return an ecosystem to a previous state. Where succession does not proceed along expected or desired trajectories, then intervention of some sort may be required (33, 34). There is, however, increasing recognition that ecosystem dynamics can be c ...
Differential genetic influences on competitive effect and response in
... but our understanding of the genetic basis of competitive ability is poor. This is further complicated by the fact that plants can express both competitive effect (target plant influence upon neighbour growth) and competitive response (target plant growth as a function of a neighbour) abilities, wit ...
... but our understanding of the genetic basis of competitive ability is poor. This is further complicated by the fact that plants can express both competitive effect (target plant influence upon neighbour growth) and competitive response (target plant growth as a function of a neighbour) abilities, wit ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
... studied in a grassland community of central Himalayan tarai region from April 1999 to March 2001. A total of 31 plant species were recorded in the grassland and mean aboveground net primary production was 2815 KJ m-2 yr-1. Fifty-nine insect species belonging 8 insect orders were recorded in the gras ...
... studied in a grassland community of central Himalayan tarai region from April 1999 to March 2001. A total of 31 plant species were recorded in the grassland and mean aboveground net primary production was 2815 KJ m-2 yr-1. Fifty-nine insect species belonging 8 insect orders were recorded in the gras ...
Plant communities in harsh sites are less invaded: a summary of
... runoff areas in Australia (defined as >150mg/kg) resulted in significantly increased invasive species cover proportional to natives. Cherwin et al. (2009) found that both absolute and relative cover of invasive grasses (Bromus spp.) in experimental plots in a Colorado grassland were positively assoc ...
... runoff areas in Australia (defined as >150mg/kg) resulted in significantly increased invasive species cover proportional to natives. Cherwin et al. (2009) found that both absolute and relative cover of invasive grasses (Bromus spp.) in experimental plots in a Colorado grassland were positively assoc ...
Impacts of wood ants (Formica aquilonia Yarr.) on the invertebrate
... Recent syntheses, however, suggest that food webs are often more complex, and omnivory is more common than previously thought, which hinders the occurrence of trophic cascades (Polis 1991, Polis & Strong 1996). Moreover, the traditional view according to which omnivores are not only rare but decreas ...
... Recent syntheses, however, suggest that food webs are often more complex, and omnivory is more common than previously thought, which hinders the occurrence of trophic cascades (Polis 1991, Polis & Strong 1996). Moreover, the traditional view according to which omnivores are not only rare but decreas ...
Phosphorus Use Efficiency in Production Agriculture
... • The value of practices that improve P efficiency is dependent on impact on effectiveness in meeting grower objectives – Optimizing profitability – Minimizing nutrient loss – Providing system sustainability • Long-term fertilizer P efficiency in North America is usually high but short-term efficien ...
... • The value of practices that improve P efficiency is dependent on impact on effectiveness in meeting grower objectives – Optimizing profitability – Minimizing nutrient loss – Providing system sustainability • Long-term fertilizer P efficiency in North America is usually high but short-term efficien ...
Human impact on the nitrogen cycle
Human impact on the nitrogen cycle is diverse. Agricultural and industrial nitrogen (N) inputs to the environment currently exceed inputs from natural N fixation. As a consequence of anthropogenic inputs, the global nitrogen cycle (Fig. 1) has been significantly altered over the past century. Global atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) mole fractions have increased from a pre-industrial value of ~270 nmol/mol to ~319 nmol/mol in 2005. Human activities account for over one-third of N2O emissions, most of which are due to the agricultural sector. This article is intended to give a brief review of the history of anthropogenic N inputs, and reported impacts of nitrogen inputs on selected terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.