![Ecosystems and Environment](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/011770441_1-1ffffb9f3ff8ec5e9d4ca1bad8148790-300x300.png)
Ecosystems and Environment
... found either in the atmosphere or dissolved in ocean waters. • Plants and other producers convert carbon dioxide to glucose during photosynthesis. • Carbon is returned to the environment by living organisms as carbon dioxide, a product of cellular respiration. • Because atmospheric carbon dioxide tr ...
... found either in the atmosphere or dissolved in ocean waters. • Plants and other producers convert carbon dioxide to glucose during photosynthesis. • Carbon is returned to the environment by living organisms as carbon dioxide, a product of cellular respiration. • Because atmospheric carbon dioxide tr ...
habitat in agricultural landscapes: how much is enough?
... the United States, especially those that are extensively developed and intensively managed for human uses. It is not realistic from a political or ecological perspective to expect large sections of the country to be returned to pre-European condition. So how much conservation land is enough, and how ...
... the United States, especially those that are extensively developed and intensively managed for human uses. It is not realistic from a political or ecological perspective to expect large sections of the country to be returned to pre-European condition. So how much conservation land is enough, and how ...
the role of microbial endosymbionts in sorghum halepense
... Bachelor of Science in Biology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Texas, 2002 Master of Science in Biology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Texas, 2005 ...
... Bachelor of Science in Biology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Texas, 2002 Master of Science in Biology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Texas, 2005 ...
- Wiley Online Library
... [15]. In the present study, therefore, we consider the combined effects of GCC and toxicants at the population and community levels (Fig. 1). The ultimate aim is to provide support for improved ERA [16] and ecosystems restoration [17] under GCC. The combination of toxicant stress with other environm ...
... [15]. In the present study, therefore, we consider the combined effects of GCC and toxicants at the population and community levels (Fig. 1). The ultimate aim is to provide support for improved ERA [16] and ecosystems restoration [17] under GCC. The combination of toxicant stress with other environm ...
... 1996, Hobbie 1996). Composition matters because organisms drive ecological processes, and species differ in their traits. Large differences in traits, such as the presence or absence of nitrogen fixation, or of deep roots, or of flammable tissues, can have large impacts on ecosystem processes (e.g., ...
Full paper
... a doubling of carbon dioxide. In winter, temperatures might rise by as much as 6-10o C in parts of northern Europe. 4b. Sea level rise. Probably, the most fatal attack by the global warming will be a rise in the sea level. Scientists are predicting that the global warming would raise the sea levels ...
... a doubling of carbon dioxide. In winter, temperatures might rise by as much as 6-10o C in parts of northern Europe. 4b. Sea level rise. Probably, the most fatal attack by the global warming will be a rise in the sea level. Scientists are predicting that the global warming would raise the sea levels ...
Disturbance, Scale, and Boundary in Wilderness
... the propagation of disturbances regardless of physical environmental factors and species present. ...
... the propagation of disturbances regardless of physical environmental factors and species present. ...
Decline in top predator body size and changing climate alter trophic
... Over large spatial and temporal scales, ecosystems are governed by bottom-up forcing, that is, the biomass of top predators is determined by productivity at the lower trophic levels. Under these conditions, positive correlations between time series of predator and prey abundance reflect a stable, re ...
... Over large spatial and temporal scales, ecosystems are governed by bottom-up forcing, that is, the biomass of top predators is determined by productivity at the lower trophic levels. Under these conditions, positive correlations between time series of predator and prey abundance reflect a stable, re ...
New Zealand as ecosystems - Department of Conservation
... They, in turn, make up myriad, ‘thermo-dynamically open systems that are out of equilibrium’ 8 , each a self-regulating, shifting mosaic in continuous flux but with functional, historical and evolutionary limits. The result has been a more holistic view of the relationships among plants, animals, an ...
... They, in turn, make up myriad, ‘thermo-dynamically open systems that are out of equilibrium’ 8 , each a self-regulating, shifting mosaic in continuous flux but with functional, historical and evolutionary limits. The result has been a more holistic view of the relationships among plants, animals, an ...
Final report regarding the agricultural and forest condition of the
... agricultural-forest cultivations, which could later on be taught independently also in confining villages, which are not first level beneficiaries, thus generating a “cascade effect”. The project has the main goal of improving the food safety of the local populations throughout the optimization of t ...
... agricultural-forest cultivations, which could later on be taught independently also in confining villages, which are not first level beneficiaries, thus generating a “cascade effect”. The project has the main goal of improving the food safety of the local populations throughout the optimization of t ...
Course notes (part 1)
... document. The course notes are also designed to be provided to students as essentail course reading material if they are to get full learning value from the course. The accompanying powerpoint presentations are developed as tools for teachers/lecturers to deliver and teach each unit, however they do ...
... document. The course notes are also designed to be provided to students as essentail course reading material if they are to get full learning value from the course. The accompanying powerpoint presentations are developed as tools for teachers/lecturers to deliver and teach each unit, however they do ...
Applied Soil Ecology 61:
... of grains and cardon cactus that solubilize essential nutrients for plant growth that normally have extremely low bioavailability in alkaline desert soils (Carrillo et al., 2002). Initial studies demonstrated that cells of A. brasilense inoculated on giant cardon, the world’s largest cactus that sta ...
... of grains and cardon cactus that solubilize essential nutrients for plant growth that normally have extremely low bioavailability in alkaline desert soils (Carrillo et al., 2002). Initial studies demonstrated that cells of A. brasilense inoculated on giant cardon, the world’s largest cactus that sta ...
Exergetic Model of Secondary Successions for Plant Communities in
... site in relation to the theoretical reference condition (“climax” community of A. quebracho blanco), measured through the sum of relative frequencies of each species, analogously to what was referred in (4). The distance between the quasistable equilibrium state (or the relative frequency expected f ...
... site in relation to the theoretical reference condition (“climax” community of A. quebracho blanco), measured through the sum of relative frequencies of each species, analogously to what was referred in (4). The distance between the quasistable equilibrium state (or the relative frequency expected f ...
Primary Succession and Ecosystem Rehabilitation
... Late Pleistocene was associated not only with human hunting pressures, but also with climate warming and a resultant loss of grassland habitat that was replaced by forests. With a rapidly growing human population that is increasingly resource-hungry, we have entered a new era of intense human impact ...
... Late Pleistocene was associated not only with human hunting pressures, but also with climate warming and a resultant loss of grassland habitat that was replaced by forests. With a rapidly growing human population that is increasingly resource-hungry, we have entered a new era of intense human impact ...
"Ecosystem Engineers". - Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies
... modify their environment can have significantly faster population growth rates in suboptimal habitats than species that do not modify their environment (Cuddington and Hastings, 2004). The ecosystem engineering concept is also central to biodiversity conservation and land-use change. Species diversit ...
... modify their environment can have significantly faster population growth rates in suboptimal habitats than species that do not modify their environment (Cuddington and Hastings, 2004). The ecosystem engineering concept is also central to biodiversity conservation and land-use change. Species diversit ...
Significance of Plankton Community Structure and Nutrient
... boosting dinoflagellate growth rates (bottom-up control) [6], but also by changing the structure and dynamics of plankton communities, including grazers and parasites that are natural enemies of dinoflagellates (top-down control) [7–9]. Amongst the top-down mechanisms influencing dinoflagellate bloo ...
... boosting dinoflagellate growth rates (bottom-up control) [6], but also by changing the structure and dynamics of plankton communities, including grazers and parasites that are natural enemies of dinoflagellates (top-down control) [7–9]. Amongst the top-down mechanisms influencing dinoflagellate bloo ...
Spatial and Temporal Dimensions of Biodiversity Dynamics
... secondary succession which starts on sites where the former vegetation cover has been destroyed or severely disturbed, but soil formation processes have already taken place and soil seed banks are still present. Primary succession has been described for sand dunes, alluvial deposits, young glacial r ...
... secondary succession which starts on sites where the former vegetation cover has been destroyed or severely disturbed, but soil formation processes have already taken place and soil seed banks are still present. Primary succession has been described for sand dunes, alluvial deposits, young glacial r ...
Niche and fitness differences relate the maintenance of diversity to
... species that have either above- or below-average biomass are also competitively dominant. With any particular species more likely to be chosen as a greater number of species are randomly selected from a common pool, high-diversity treatments tend toward the biomass of any species able to exclude its ...
... species that have either above- or below-average biomass are also competitively dominant. With any particular species more likely to be chosen as a greater number of species are randomly selected from a common pool, high-diversity treatments tend toward the biomass of any species able to exclude its ...
Eco-evolutionary feedbacks in community and ecosystem ecology
... important. Large, short-term effects on an ecosystem or community may not be sufficient to produce selection and subsequent evolution (see §3b below). The definition of a species as a strong interactor often depends upon the ecological context being considered (Menge et al. 1994; Norkko et al. 2006) ...
... important. Large, short-term effects on an ecosystem or community may not be sufficient to produce selection and subsequent evolution (see §3b below). The definition of a species as a strong interactor often depends upon the ecological context being considered (Menge et al. 1994; Norkko et al. 2006) ...
Nitrogen in Insects - Arizona State University
... 1993). The importance of unbalanced elemental composition between autotrophs and herbivores is also now recognized for aquatic systems (Sterner and Schulz 1998; Elser et al. 2000b). Stoichiometric imbalance at the base of food webs appears to strongly affect herbivore success (Fox and Macauley 1977; ...
... 1993). The importance of unbalanced elemental composition between autotrophs and herbivores is also now recognized for aquatic systems (Sterner and Schulz 1998; Elser et al. 2000b). Stoichiometric imbalance at the base of food webs appears to strongly affect herbivore success (Fox and Macauley 1977; ...
soil
... of air in clay soil, and they may die from lack of water in sandy soil. • The best soil for growing most plants is loam, which is soil that is made up of equal parts of clay, sand & silt. ...
... of air in clay soil, and they may die from lack of water in sandy soil. • The best soil for growing most plants is loam, which is soil that is made up of equal parts of clay, sand & silt. ...
Environmental Science - University of Tennessee Extension
... use the sloughed-off plant cells and the proteins and sugars released by roots. ...
... use the sloughed-off plant cells and the proteins and sugars released by roots. ...
Introduction to Organic Lawns and Yards
... ledge overlook on a favorite hike, an open sunny meadow, a stretch of beach alongside shapely dunes. Nature’s beautiful spots are all organic. There is no reason why yours can’t be also. ...
... ledge overlook on a favorite hike, an open sunny meadow, a stretch of beach alongside shapely dunes. Nature’s beautiful spots are all organic. There is no reason why yours can’t be also. ...
Approaches to measuring the effects of human disturbance on birds
... the conservation benefits of public access can potentially over-ride direct demographic costs to individuals. Much of the research on this topic has focused on remote areas such as Antarctica, where visitor impacts on breeding bird colonies and appropriate visitor management strategies have been ext ...
... the conservation benefits of public access can potentially over-ride direct demographic costs to individuals. Much of the research on this topic has focused on remote areas such as Antarctica, where visitor impacts on breeding bird colonies and appropriate visitor management strategies have been ext ...
Primary Considerations for Building Material Selection
... drilling team making a test boring. As the auger extends into the ground, the hollow tube gathers soil at all depths. ...
... drilling team making a test boring. As the auger extends into the ground, the hollow tube gathers soil at all depths. ...
Human impact on the nitrogen cycle
Human impact on the nitrogen cycle is diverse. Agricultural and industrial nitrogen (N) inputs to the environment currently exceed inputs from natural N fixation. As a consequence of anthropogenic inputs, the global nitrogen cycle (Fig. 1) has been significantly altered over the past century. Global atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) mole fractions have increased from a pre-industrial value of ~270 nmol/mol to ~319 nmol/mol in 2005. Human activities account for over one-third of N2O emissions, most of which are due to the agricultural sector. This article is intended to give a brief review of the history of anthropogenic N inputs, and reported impacts of nitrogen inputs on selected terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.