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Full Text - Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve
... ecosystem multifunctionality. The complex interactions among species and functions raise two opposing possibilities when investigating the relationship between species richness (hereafter, ‘biodiversity’) and ecosystem multifunctionality. First, species may appear more functionally unique as more pr ...
... ecosystem multifunctionality. The complex interactions among species and functions raise two opposing possibilities when investigating the relationship between species richness (hereafter, ‘biodiversity’) and ecosystem multifunctionality. First, species may appear more functionally unique as more pr ...
Nutrient Deficiency Identification Guide
... Prevention, by ensuring adequate supplies of soil P is essential as a of deficiency is difficult to treat on curative basis. A number of foliar fertilisers containing P may help e.g. potassium phosphite. ...
... Prevention, by ensuring adequate supplies of soil P is essential as a of deficiency is difficult to treat on curative basis. A number of foliar fertilisers containing P may help e.g. potassium phosphite. ...
Rural livelihoods and mangrove degradation in south
... harvested, this mostly involves selective cutting, resulting in low-level disturbance. However, recent lime production has led to the clear cutting of mangrove forest in some instances. The area shown in Plate (a total of . ha) was cleared in to fulfil a large commercial order from outside ...
... harvested, this mostly involves selective cutting, resulting in low-level disturbance. However, recent lime production has led to the clear cutting of mangrove forest in some instances. The area shown in Plate (a total of . ha) was cleared in to fulfil a large commercial order from outside ...
12 Modelling of large herbivore – vegetation interactions in a
... particular time step (e.g. Bugmann 1996a). Such models can explore the effects of particular browsing intensities on long-term forest dynamics in a manner that is very general, empirically based and time-invariant. Important interactive influences for forest regeneration, such as the importance of l ...
... particular time step (e.g. Bugmann 1996a). Such models can explore the effects of particular browsing intensities on long-term forest dynamics in a manner that is very general, empirically based and time-invariant. Important interactive influences for forest regeneration, such as the importance of l ...
Rare Plant Communities and Plant Species Report
... the mouth of Red Canyon Ck. Any sites with western redcedar, with exceptionally large or old trees, or with very high plant species diversity should be considered for conservation. Such ecosystems tend to occur on large fluvial fans, or less frequently alluvial floodplains or lacustrine deposits nea ...
... the mouth of Red Canyon Ck. Any sites with western redcedar, with exceptionally large or old trees, or with very high plant species diversity should be considered for conservation. Such ecosystems tend to occur on large fluvial fans, or less frequently alluvial floodplains or lacustrine deposits nea ...
Direct and legacy effects of longterm elevated CO2 on fine root
... statistically significant CO2 treatment effect on fine root biomass was detected on any given date (March 2007, P = 0.31; August 2007, P = 0.57; May 2008, P = 0.39), although fine root biomass was consistently higher in plots previously under elevated CO2 for all three sample dates. However, there w ...
... statistically significant CO2 treatment effect on fine root biomass was detected on any given date (March 2007, P = 0.31; August 2007, P = 0.57; May 2008, P = 0.39), although fine root biomass was consistently higher in plots previously under elevated CO2 for all three sample dates. However, there w ...
Safeguarding our Soils - UK Government Web Archive
... create emissions that are equivalent to more than 50 times the UK’s current annual greenhouse gas emissions. As the climate warms and rainfall patterns change, there is a growing risk that emissions to the atmosphere from soil will increase, in turn causing further climate change as well as reducing ...
... create emissions that are equivalent to more than 50 times the UK’s current annual greenhouse gas emissions. As the climate warms and rainfall patterns change, there is a growing risk that emissions to the atmosphere from soil will increase, in turn causing further climate change as well as reducing ...
Fulltext - ETH E
... et al. 2006 and 2007). In contrast to observational studies, where the most productive ecosystems typically exhibit low species diversity (Huston 1994, Grime 2001), diversity was experimentally manipulated and used as a predictor variable to assess its effects on various ecosystem processes (see Sch ...
... et al. 2006 and 2007). In contrast to observational studies, where the most productive ecosystems typically exhibit low species diversity (Huston 1994, Grime 2001), diversity was experimentally manipulated and used as a predictor variable to assess its effects on various ecosystem processes (see Sch ...
Chapter Objective Essays These must be in complete sentences. BE
... Define a biological community. Explain why the study of community ecology is important. (2 pts) Define interspecific competition, mutualism, predation, herbivory, and parasitism, and provide examples of each. (10 pts) Define an ecological niche. Explain how interspecific competition can occur when t ...
... Define a biological community. Explain why the study of community ecology is important. (2 pts) Define interspecific competition, mutualism, predation, herbivory, and parasitism, and provide examples of each. (10 pts) Define an ecological niche. Explain how interspecific competition can occur when t ...
Ten Commandments for Ecosystem-Based Fisheries Scientists Diez
... in particular, the role of the biological sciences in its implementation: A common theme is that such an ecosystem approach involves a more holistic view of managing resources in the context of their environment than presently exists. For marine fisheries management, this must include taking into gr ...
... in particular, the role of the biological sciences in its implementation: A common theme is that such an ecosystem approach involves a more holistic view of managing resources in the context of their environment than presently exists. For marine fisheries management, this must include taking into gr ...
Litter feedbacks, evolutionary change and exotic plant invasion Maarten B. Eppinga
... be verified in future empirical studies through non-additive and nonlinear effects in litter addition experiments, and by increased litter : above-ground biomass ratios in biogeographical comparisons between plant communities with Phalaris in invasive and native habitats. The latter result may be cau ...
... be verified in future empirical studies through non-additive and nonlinear effects in litter addition experiments, and by increased litter : above-ground biomass ratios in biogeographical comparisons between plant communities with Phalaris in invasive and native habitats. The latter result may be cau ...
Fate of Fuel-Bound Nitrogen and Sulfur in Biomass-Fired
... The use of biomass as an energy source for the production of heat and power is one way to decrease dependency on fossil fuels and increase energy self-sufficiency. The utilization of fossil fuels in energy production is also the major source of CO2 emissions, and CO2 is the main anthropogenic greenh ...
... The use of biomass as an energy source for the production of heat and power is one way to decrease dependency on fossil fuels and increase energy self-sufficiency. The utilization of fossil fuels in energy production is also the major source of CO2 emissions, and CO2 is the main anthropogenic greenh ...
introduced browsing mammals in new zealand natural forests
... C and N (Holland et al. 1992, Molvar et al. 1993, Pastor et al. 1993, Frank and Groffman 1998). Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain how herbivory affects soil processes and the organisms that govern these processes (Bardgett et al. 1998b), but three emerge as being consistently importan ...
... C and N (Holland et al. 1992, Molvar et al. 1993, Pastor et al. 1993, Frank and Groffman 1998). Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain how herbivory affects soil processes and the organisms that govern these processes (Bardgett et al. 1998b), but three emerge as being consistently importan ...
Coastal Systems - Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
... ecosystem services and increasing risks of disease. Mining and other industries cause heavy metal and other toxic pollution. Harmful algal blooms and other pathogens, which affect the health of both humans and marine organisms, are on the rise, in part because of decreased water quality. Invasions o ...
... ecosystem services and increasing risks of disease. Mining and other industries cause heavy metal and other toxic pollution. Harmful algal blooms and other pathogens, which affect the health of both humans and marine organisms, are on the rise, in part because of decreased water quality. Invasions o ...
"Allometry and Metabolic Scaling in Ecology". - People
... Consequences of Body Size; Life History Theory Lifespans and mortality rates of species in their natural environments are also influenced by body size through its effects on metabolic rate. Species from most taxonomic groups, including plants, adhere to the predicted quarterpower scaling of mortality ...
... Consequences of Body Size; Life History Theory Lifespans and mortality rates of species in their natural environments are also influenced by body size through its effects on metabolic rate. Species from most taxonomic groups, including plants, adhere to the predicted quarterpower scaling of mortality ...
Researchers discover tree trunks act as methane source
... same in terms of methane emissions. Over time, as "Methane in soils seem to follow a temperature it decays, my theory is that it gets colonized by soil gradient where higher temperatures are related to bacteria that consume methane and it shifts to higher uptake of methane but that's not necessarily ...
... same in terms of methane emissions. Over time, as "Methane in soils seem to follow a temperature it decays, my theory is that it gets colonized by soil gradient where higher temperatures are related to bacteria that consume methane and it shifts to higher uptake of methane but that's not necessarily ...
scale-dependent responses of plant biodiversity to nitrogen
... Abstract. Experimental studies demonstrating that nitrogen (N) enrichment reduces plant diversity within individual plots have led to the conclusion that anthropogenic N enrichment is a threat to global biodiversity. These conclusions overlook the influence of spatial scale, however, as N enrichment ...
... Abstract. Experimental studies demonstrating that nitrogen (N) enrichment reduces plant diversity within individual plots have led to the conclusion that anthropogenic N enrichment is a threat to global biodiversity. These conclusions overlook the influence of spatial scale, however, as N enrichment ...
The Mechanisms and Consequences of Interspecific Competition
... However, competition for light can be surprisingly complex. Recent research has shown that in areas where productivity is high, shading by competitors can induce a shade avoidance syndrome (SAS) (Pierik et al. 2013). Changes in the quality of light reaching leaves, such as the red:far red ratio, are ...
... However, competition for light can be surprisingly complex. Recent research has shown that in areas where productivity is high, shading by competitors can induce a shade avoidance syndrome (SAS) (Pierik et al. 2013). Changes in the quality of light reaching leaves, such as the red:far red ratio, are ...
Residue management, conservation tillage and soil restoration for
... increased steadily, partly at the expense of the SOC pool. Small changes in global SOC pool can have a large effect on atmospheric concentrations of CO,. Since agricultural expansion in the 19th and 20th centuries, decomposition of SOC has contributed to increase in atmospheric CO, (Houghton, 1995). ...
... increased steadily, partly at the expense of the SOC pool. Small changes in global SOC pool can have a large effect on atmospheric concentrations of CO,. Since agricultural expansion in the 19th and 20th centuries, decomposition of SOC has contributed to increase in atmospheric CO, (Houghton, 1995). ...
Stress-strain behaviour of agricultural soils
... agriculture. A range of important ecological functions are affected when soil is compressed: increase in surface runoff, water erosion, loss of nutrients and pesticides to the groundwater, increase in the production of greenhouse gases, reduction in crop yields (e.g. van Ouwerkerk and Soane, 1995). ...
... agriculture. A range of important ecological functions are affected when soil is compressed: increase in surface runoff, water erosion, loss of nutrients and pesticides to the groundwater, increase in the production of greenhouse gases, reduction in crop yields (e.g. van Ouwerkerk and Soane, 1995). ...
Project description of University of Basel
... Plants are frequently observed to increase carbon allocation to below-ground sinks and to particularly accelerate fine-root turnover in response to elevated CO2. While these strong below-ground responses have predominantly been observed in rapidly expanding systems, late successional plant communitie ...
... Plants are frequently observed to increase carbon allocation to below-ground sinks and to particularly accelerate fine-root turnover in response to elevated CO2. While these strong below-ground responses have predominantly been observed in rapidly expanding systems, late successional plant communitie ...
COMPOSTING Duane Friend Educator in Environmental Stewardship and Energy
... Beer-Lambert’s law governing optical-chemical reactions to changing concentrations of dissolved molecules, such a H-CO3 and NH3OH University of Illinois Extension ...
... Beer-Lambert’s law governing optical-chemical reactions to changing concentrations of dissolved molecules, such a H-CO3 and NH3OH University of Illinois Extension ...
4 . crop production
... Disinfect: To reduce, by physical or chemical means, the number of potentially harmful microorganisms in the environment, to a level that does not compromise product safety or suitability. Farm Unit: The total area of land under control of one farmer or a collective of farmers, including all the far ...
... Disinfect: To reduce, by physical or chemical means, the number of potentially harmful microorganisms in the environment, to a level that does not compromise product safety or suitability. Farm Unit: The total area of land under control of one farmer or a collective of farmers, including all the far ...
Aquaculture: global status and trends
... Aquaculture contributed 43 per cent of aquatic animal food for human consumption in 2007 (e.g. fish, crustaceans and molluscs, but excluding mammals, reptiles and aquatic plants) and is expected to grow further to meet the future demand. It is very diverse and, contrary to many perceptions, dominate ...
... Aquaculture contributed 43 per cent of aquatic animal food for human consumption in 2007 (e.g. fish, crustaceans and molluscs, but excluding mammals, reptiles and aquatic plants) and is expected to grow further to meet the future demand. It is very diverse and, contrary to many perceptions, dominate ...
Chapter 5 Biotic interactions and temporal patterns forLandslide
... come from sloughing of forest soil into the landslide than from growth by new colonizing plants (Shiels et aI., 2006). In general, a young landslide is characterized by high light, low soil nutrients, and low biomass; an older landslide is usually more shaded and more nutrient- and biomass-rich (see ...
... come from sloughing of forest soil into the landslide than from growth by new colonizing plants (Shiels et aI., 2006). In general, a young landslide is characterized by high light, low soil nutrients, and low biomass; an older landslide is usually more shaded and more nutrient- and biomass-rich (see ...
Human impact on the nitrogen cycle
Human impact on the nitrogen cycle is diverse. Agricultural and industrial nitrogen (N) inputs to the environment currently exceed inputs from natural N fixation. As a consequence of anthropogenic inputs, the global nitrogen cycle (Fig. 1) has been significantly altered over the past century. Global atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) mole fractions have increased from a pre-industrial value of ~270 nmol/mol to ~319 nmol/mol in 2005. Human activities account for over one-third of N2O emissions, most of which are due to the agricultural sector. This article is intended to give a brief review of the history of anthropogenic N inputs, and reported impacts of nitrogen inputs on selected terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.