Nervous System
... Action Potential • Voltage-gated ion channels – Ions move according to gradient and charge attraction • Potassium (more permeable) • Sodium (less permeable) ...
... Action Potential • Voltage-gated ion channels – Ions move according to gradient and charge attraction • Potassium (more permeable) • Sodium (less permeable) ...
Nerve Impulses - manorlakesscience
... The connection between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another is called a synapse. ...
... The connection between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another is called a synapse. ...
Neuromonitoring for Spine Surgery
... Aim: To ensure the integrity of the spinal cord and nerve roots especially at the site of surgery, while providing safe and adequate anesthesia. The Problem: The nervous system is suppressed by anesthetics, hypothermia, hypotension and anemia; depending on anatomical site, specific drug & dose, site ...
... Aim: To ensure the integrity of the spinal cord and nerve roots especially at the site of surgery, while providing safe and adequate anesthesia. The Problem: The nervous system is suppressed by anesthetics, hypothermia, hypotension and anemia; depending on anatomical site, specific drug & dose, site ...
Bowman`s capsule movie
... Membrane pumps: • use energy (ATP) to move ions against a concentration gradient • Na+-K+ pump moves K+ ions to the inside of the nerve cell – Expels 3 Na+ for every 2 K+ ions it brings in ...
... Membrane pumps: • use energy (ATP) to move ions against a concentration gradient • Na+-K+ pump moves K+ ions to the inside of the nerve cell – Expels 3 Na+ for every 2 K+ ions it brings in ...
Chapter 8 Study Guide: The Nervous System
... • Because nerves usually have myelin sheath and myelin is white, nerves are called white matter in the PNS • Bundles of axons are called tracts, and may be myelinated and thus form this system of white matter • Dendrites is called gray matter because of its characteristic grey appearance • Understan ...
... • Because nerves usually have myelin sheath and myelin is white, nerves are called white matter in the PNS • Bundles of axons are called tracts, and may be myelinated and thus form this system of white matter • Dendrites is called gray matter because of its characteristic grey appearance • Understan ...
Nervous System: Nervous Tissue (Chapter 12) Lecture Materials for
... Ohm’s Law: current = voltage ÷ resistance! Current highest when voltage high and ! ! resistance low! Cell voltage set at -70mV but membrane! ! resistance can be altered to create current! Membrane resistance depends on permeability! ! to ions: open or close ion channels! Cell must always have some r ...
... Ohm’s Law: current = voltage ÷ resistance! Current highest when voltage high and ! ! resistance low! Cell voltage set at -70mV but membrane! ! resistance can be altered to create current! Membrane resistance depends on permeability! ! to ions: open or close ion channels! Cell must always have some r ...
Readings to Accompany “Nerves” Worksheet (adapted from France
... down tubes which traverse the muscle fiber called t-tubules. This causes the release of Ca++ ions from another organelle in the muscle fiber called the sarcoplasmic reticulum which is located adjacent to the t-tubules. These Ca++ ions bind to troponin molecules found on thin myofilaments within the ...
... down tubes which traverse the muscle fiber called t-tubules. This causes the release of Ca++ ions from another organelle in the muscle fiber called the sarcoplasmic reticulum which is located adjacent to the t-tubules. These Ca++ ions bind to troponin molecules found on thin myofilaments within the ...
01.22.10 Lecture 5: Membrane transport
... Ion channels have ion selectivity - they only allow passage of specific molecules ...
... Ion channels have ion selectivity - they only allow passage of specific molecules ...
nervous system - Cloudfront.net
... There are a lot of different types of nerve damage. The different types may have different symptoms and may require different types of treatment. More than 20 million Americans have peripheral nerve damage. This damage becomes more common when you get older. In one out of every 3 people with periphe ...
... There are a lot of different types of nerve damage. The different types may have different symptoms and may require different types of treatment. More than 20 million Americans have peripheral nerve damage. This damage becomes more common when you get older. In one out of every 3 people with periphe ...
The Peripheral and Autonomic Nervous Systems
... Preganglionic fibers entering the adrenal glands synapse within the adrenal medullae. During sympathetic activation these endocrine organs secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine into the bloodstream In a crisis, the entire division responds, producing increased alertness, a feeling of energy and eup ...
... Preganglionic fibers entering the adrenal glands synapse within the adrenal medullae. During sympathetic activation these endocrine organs secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine into the bloodstream In a crisis, the entire division responds, producing increased alertness, a feeling of energy and eup ...
Chapter 8 - Nervous Pre-Test
... allow the current to flow easily between the extracellular fluid and the axon. allow action potentials to develop. allow for saltatory conduction of the action potential. All of these are true of nodes of Ranvier. ...
... allow the current to flow easily between the extracellular fluid and the axon. allow action potentials to develop. allow for saltatory conduction of the action potential. All of these are true of nodes of Ranvier. ...
Excitable Cells and Action Potentials
... Now that we covered the elements producing the potential difference, we still don’t know how it is created. As mentioned before, during the efflux of the 2 K+ and the influx of 3 Na+, there is an inequality between this ‘trade’, which is responsible for a –10mV difference on the membrane. We also mu ...
... Now that we covered the elements producing the potential difference, we still don’t know how it is created. As mentioned before, during the efflux of the 2 K+ and the influx of 3 Na+, there is an inequality between this ‘trade’, which is responsible for a –10mV difference on the membrane. We also mu ...
Nervous system - Lancaster High School
... Voltage-gated ion channels: Open when change in membrane potential Axons ...
... Voltage-gated ion channels: Open when change in membrane potential Axons ...
P416 COMPARATIVE ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY
... offurther voltage-gated – Na+ enters cell →(graded depolarization → more channels open +] and [K+] restored by the Na+-K+ pump [Na depolarize further ...
... offurther voltage-gated – Na+ enters cell →(graded depolarization → more channels open +] and [K+] restored by the Na+-K+ pump [Na depolarize further ...
Anatomy 9535b. THE CRANIAL NERVES
... The term “special somatic efferent” could be used for centrifugal fibres of the vestibulocochlear nerve (and, in birds and perhaps other vertebrates, in the optic nerve). The centrifugal fibres in VIII were discovered in 1942, long after the publication and general acceptance of Herrick’s classifica ...
... The term “special somatic efferent” could be used for centrifugal fibres of the vestibulocochlear nerve (and, in birds and perhaps other vertebrates, in the optic nerve). The centrifugal fibres in VIII were discovered in 1942, long after the publication and general acceptance of Herrick’s classifica ...
Nervous System
... Synapse are joints where neurons meet. This a space that impulses must travel through to reach another neuron. Axodendritic synapse: Synapse b/w an axon and dendrite of another cell. Axosomic synapse: Synapses between, two axons (axoaxonic), or two dendrites (dendrodendritic), or a dendrite an ...
... Synapse are joints where neurons meet. This a space that impulses must travel through to reach another neuron. Axodendritic synapse: Synapse b/w an axon and dendrite of another cell. Axosomic synapse: Synapses between, two axons (axoaxonic), or two dendrites (dendrodendritic), or a dendrite an ...
To allow an immediate response to stimuli in the
... -Often, axons will be wrapped in a “Myelin sheath” (fat) -Gaps in this sheath are known as “nodes of Ranvier” B. Neuroglia -“supporting” cells; support, insulate and protect neurons -“Schwann cells” = neuroglia which produce the myelin sheath ...
... -Often, axons will be wrapped in a “Myelin sheath” (fat) -Gaps in this sheath are known as “nodes of Ranvier” B. Neuroglia -“supporting” cells; support, insulate and protect neurons -“Schwann cells” = neuroglia which produce the myelin sheath ...
Gated Channels
... flow and have faster impulse conduction • Effect of myelination • Continuous conduction in unmyelinated axons is slower than saltatory conduction in myelinated axons • Effects of myelination • Myelin sheaths insulate and prevent leakage of charge • Saltatory conduction in myelinated axons is about ...
... flow and have faster impulse conduction • Effect of myelination • Continuous conduction in unmyelinated axons is slower than saltatory conduction in myelinated axons • Effects of myelination • Myelin sheaths insulate and prevent leakage of charge • Saltatory conduction in myelinated axons is about ...
Sensation2011
... focus one's listening attention on a single talker among a mixture of conversations and ...
... focus one's listening attention on a single talker among a mixture of conversations and ...
04-21-06
... • Ungated ion channels allow ions to diffuse across the plasma membrane. – These channels are always open. ...
... • Ungated ion channels allow ions to diffuse across the plasma membrane. – These channels are always open. ...
Rheobase
Rheobase is a measure of membrane excitability. In neuroscience, rheobase is the minimal current amplitude of infinite duration (in a practical sense, about 300 milliseconds) that results in the depolarization threshold of the cell membranes being reached, such as an action potential or the contraction of a muscle. In Greek, the root ""rhe"" translates to current or flow, and ""basi"" means bottom or foundation: thus the rheobase is the minimum current that will produce an action potential or muscle contraction.Rheobase can be best understood in the context of the strength-duration relationship (Fig. 1). The ease with which a membrane can be stimulated depends on two variables: the strength of the stimulus, and the duration for which the stimulus is applied. These variables are inversely related: as the strength of the applied current increases, the time required to stimulate the membrane decreases (and vice versa) to maintain a constant effect. Mathematically, rheobase is equivalent to half the current that needs to be applied for the duration of chronaxie, which is a strength-duration time constant that corresponds to the duration of time that elicits a response when the nerve is stimulated at twice rheobasic strength.The strength-duration curve was first discovered by G. Weiss in 1901, but it was not until 1909 that Louis Lapicque coined the term ""rheobase"". Many studies are being conducted in relation to rheobase values and the dynamic changes throughout maturation and between different nerve fibers. In the past strength-duration curves and rheobase determinations were used to assess nerve injury; today, they play a role in clinical identification of many neurological pathologies, including as Diabetic neuropathy, CIDP, Machado-Joseph Disease, and ALS.