Organization of the Nervous System
... Somatic Nervous System (conducts motor responses to skeletal muscles) Autonomic Nervous System (sends commands to the visceral effectors) Sympathethic Parasympathetic ...
... Somatic Nervous System (conducts motor responses to skeletal muscles) Autonomic Nervous System (sends commands to the visceral effectors) Sympathethic Parasympathetic ...
Cranial Nerve VII
... • Chemoreceptors of the taste buds located on the anterior 2/3 of the tongue and hard and soft palates initiate receptor (generator) potentials in response to chemical stimuli. The taste buds synapse with the peripheral processes of special sensory neurons from CN VII. These neurons generate action ...
... • Chemoreceptors of the taste buds located on the anterior 2/3 of the tongue and hard and soft palates initiate receptor (generator) potentials in response to chemical stimuli. The taste buds synapse with the peripheral processes of special sensory neurons from CN VII. These neurons generate action ...
The Nervous System
... the ripples created by a stone tossed into a pond). • As the Na+ drifts, some of it will leak back out of the membrane. – What this means is that the degree of depolarization caused by the graded potential decreases with distance from the origin. ...
... the ripples created by a stone tossed into a pond). • As the Na+ drifts, some of it will leak back out of the membrane. – What this means is that the degree of depolarization caused by the graded potential decreases with distance from the origin. ...
Student Guide Chapter 11
... 3. Synaptic potentiation results when a presynaptic cell is stimulated repeatedly or continuously, resulting in an enhanced release of neurotransmitter. 4. Presynaptic inhibition results when another neuron inhibits the release of an excitatory neurotransmitter from a presynaptic cell. 5. Neuromodu ...
... 3. Synaptic potentiation results when a presynaptic cell is stimulated repeatedly or continuously, resulting in an enhanced release of neurotransmitter. 4. Presynaptic inhibition results when another neuron inhibits the release of an excitatory neurotransmitter from a presynaptic cell. 5. Neuromodu ...
Applicator - Research - Vanderbilt University
... •Less buildup of naturally produced gases in the body. •Little neural tissue change in mammalian studies. ...
... •Less buildup of naturally produced gases in the body. •Little neural tissue change in mammalian studies. ...
Function
... The function of the myelin sheath: •to provide an insulation layer around the axon •to speed up impulse conduction: nerve impulses jump from node to node across the intervening internodal segment of myelin sheath ( the axon directly exposed to the extracelluar fluidal ions at nodes of Ranvier, wher ...
... The function of the myelin sheath: •to provide an insulation layer around the axon •to speed up impulse conduction: nerve impulses jump from node to node across the intervening internodal segment of myelin sheath ( the axon directly exposed to the extracelluar fluidal ions at nodes of Ranvier, wher ...
Professor Rounds LSU NEUROLOGY
... Alport A, Sander H. Clinical Approach to Peripheral Neuropathy: Anatomic Localization and Diagnostic Testing. Continuum 2012; 18:13-38. ...
... Alport A, Sander H. Clinical Approach to Peripheral Neuropathy: Anatomic Localization and Diagnostic Testing. Continuum 2012; 18:13-38. ...
The resting membrane potential - Lectures For UG-5
... • Action potentials can be initiated only in portions of the membrane with abundant voltage gated Na+ channels • Sites of a nerve cell specialized for graded potentials such as dendrites and cell body do not undergo action potentials because they have less voltage gated Na+ channels • Graded potenti ...
... • Action potentials can be initiated only in portions of the membrane with abundant voltage gated Na+ channels • Sites of a nerve cell specialized for graded potentials such as dendrites and cell body do not undergo action potentials because they have less voltage gated Na+ channels • Graded potenti ...
7-6_TheGenOfSpecResp_MajorosMyrtill
... gravity force. First of all it is important to mention that muscles are attached to tendons which hold them to the bone. At the attachment of the muscles to tendons there is a muscle spindle which is very sensitive to stretch so it is the receptor of the reflex arc of stretch reflex. Muscle spindles ...
... gravity force. First of all it is important to mention that muscles are attached to tendons which hold them to the bone. At the attachment of the muscles to tendons there is a muscle spindle which is very sensitive to stretch so it is the receptor of the reflex arc of stretch reflex. Muscle spindles ...
The Nervous System
... Then label where Na+ moves into the axon (DEPOLARIZATION). Label the place where Na+ gates close and the K+ gates open. Then label where K+ inside. moves out of the axon (REPOLARIZATION). Indicate the place where the [Na+] and [K+] are returned to their original concentrations. K+ ions are: more c ...
... Then label where Na+ moves into the axon (DEPOLARIZATION). Label the place where Na+ gates close and the K+ gates open. Then label where K+ inside. moves out of the axon (REPOLARIZATION). Indicate the place where the [Na+] and [K+] are returned to their original concentrations. K+ ions are: more c ...
Spinal Cord and Reflex Act
... a. white matter b. grey matter c. dorsal root ganglion d. nerve fibers e. interneuron f. synapse g. sensory neuron h. motor neuron ...
... a. white matter b. grey matter c. dorsal root ganglion d. nerve fibers e. interneuron f. synapse g. sensory neuron h. motor neuron ...
The NERVOUS SYSTEM
... Form afferent division of PNS Receive info from sensory receptors Monitor external and internal envts, then relay to CNS Somatic sensory receptors ...
... Form afferent division of PNS Receive info from sensory receptors Monitor external and internal envts, then relay to CNS Somatic sensory receptors ...
thesis proposal
... In two trials (adult and neonatal) a SNT is applied by transferring a nerve with a very high innervation density to a single muscle-branch of a poorly innervated muscle (ulnar nerve [UN] to motor branch of caput longum bicipitis brachi [CLBB]). This leads to hyperreinnervation and possibly polyinner ...
... In two trials (adult and neonatal) a SNT is applied by transferring a nerve with a very high innervation density to a single muscle-branch of a poorly innervated muscle (ulnar nerve [UN] to motor branch of caput longum bicipitis brachi [CLBB]). This leads to hyperreinnervation and possibly polyinner ...
Nervous
... Stimulus- Changes that cause a response Ex: Light, sound Response- Reaction to a stimulus Neuron- Nerve cell that transmits impulses throughout the body Dendrites- detect stimulus Cyton-(Cell body) Contains nucleus and organelles ...
... Stimulus- Changes that cause a response Ex: Light, sound Response- Reaction to a stimulus Neuron- Nerve cell that transmits impulses throughout the body Dendrites- detect stimulus Cyton-(Cell body) Contains nucleus and organelles ...
The Nervous System
... Cells of the Nervous System Neurons/nerve cells: receive stimuli and transmit action potentials (send and receive information) Cell Body: contains the nucleus and two extensions Dendrites: shorter, more numerous, and receives information (Action Potentials) Axons: single, long “fiber” whic ...
... Cells of the Nervous System Neurons/nerve cells: receive stimuli and transmit action potentials (send and receive information) Cell Body: contains the nucleus and two extensions Dendrites: shorter, more numerous, and receives information (Action Potentials) Axons: single, long “fiber” whic ...
Release of Acetylcholine: Signal at nerve terminal causes CA2+
... cAMP formation from ATP (necessary for certain brain function). - The “endorphins” (12-100x more potent than enkephalin): are derived from β-lipoprotein (present in anterior pituitary) which is a 91- residue long. Three types: α, β and γ-endorphins. More recent 24 compounds were discovered (All clas ...
... cAMP formation from ATP (necessary for certain brain function). - The “endorphins” (12-100x more potent than enkephalin): are derived from β-lipoprotein (present in anterior pituitary) which is a 91- residue long. Three types: α, β and γ-endorphins. More recent 24 compounds were discovered (All clas ...
Document
... move in a coordinated and purposeful way). CP is usually caused by brain damage that occurs before or during a child's birth, or during the first 3 to 5 years of a child's life. There is no cure for CP. – Meningitis: Meningitis is a serious illness that affects the membranes surrounding the brain an ...
... move in a coordinated and purposeful way). CP is usually caused by brain damage that occurs before or during a child's birth, or during the first 3 to 5 years of a child's life. There is no cure for CP. – Meningitis: Meningitis is a serious illness that affects the membranes surrounding the brain an ...
nervoussystemwebquest
... This membrane potential is due to the concentration of ions on the two sides of the membranes. Sodium (Na+) ions are usually outside making it negatively charged while potassium (K+) are usually inside making it positively charged. These concentrations are maintained by sodium ion pumps K+ & Na+ hav ...
... This membrane potential is due to the concentration of ions on the two sides of the membranes. Sodium (Na+) ions are usually outside making it negatively charged while potassium (K+) are usually inside making it positively charged. These concentrations are maintained by sodium ion pumps K+ & Na+ hav ...
Unit 10 Chapter 36 The Nervous System
... membrane to a gap, called a synapse The impulse is caused by the depolarization of chemicals surrounding the cell membrane Chemicals called nuerotransmitters, are released into the synapse, which stimulates a charge in the next neuron ...
... membrane to a gap, called a synapse The impulse is caused by the depolarization of chemicals surrounding the cell membrane Chemicals called nuerotransmitters, are released into the synapse, which stimulates a charge in the next neuron ...
1. Dominant Optic Atrophy (DOA): Clinical, genetic and
... to asymptomatic ulnar neuropathy at the elbow but in the remaining 12 cases no clear reason identified. Conclusion: MCV slowing of >10 m/s across the elbow segment does not necessarily imply presence of ulnar neuropathy at the elbow. The diagnosis of ulnar neuropathy should be made taking into accou ...
... to asymptomatic ulnar neuropathy at the elbow but in the remaining 12 cases no clear reason identified. Conclusion: MCV slowing of >10 m/s across the elbow segment does not necessarily imply presence of ulnar neuropathy at the elbow. The diagnosis of ulnar neuropathy should be made taking into accou ...
Membrane potential (mV)
... into which flow; now potential; no depolarization longer active active at is spreading; because of peak of will soon reach Remainder of axon still action refractory threshold at resting potential potential period ...
... into which flow; now potential; no depolarization longer active active at is spreading; because of peak of will soon reach Remainder of axon still action refractory threshold at resting potential potential period ...
Class Notes
... Destruction or removal of neurotransmitter prevents continuous stimulation of the postsynaptic neuron. Impulse Processing A. How impulses are processed is dependent upon how neurons are organized in the brain and spinal cord. ...
... Destruction or removal of neurotransmitter prevents continuous stimulation of the postsynaptic neuron. Impulse Processing A. How impulses are processed is dependent upon how neurons are organized in the brain and spinal cord. ...
Powerpoint version
... diffusion of Na+ in K+ would diffuse until it is balanced by its electrical gradient EK+ = –90 mV ...
... diffusion of Na+ in K+ would diffuse until it is balanced by its electrical gradient EK+ = –90 mV ...
Rheobase
Rheobase is a measure of membrane excitability. In neuroscience, rheobase is the minimal current amplitude of infinite duration (in a practical sense, about 300 milliseconds) that results in the depolarization threshold of the cell membranes being reached, such as an action potential or the contraction of a muscle. In Greek, the root ""rhe"" translates to current or flow, and ""basi"" means bottom or foundation: thus the rheobase is the minimum current that will produce an action potential or muscle contraction.Rheobase can be best understood in the context of the strength-duration relationship (Fig. 1). The ease with which a membrane can be stimulated depends on two variables: the strength of the stimulus, and the duration for which the stimulus is applied. These variables are inversely related: as the strength of the applied current increases, the time required to stimulate the membrane decreases (and vice versa) to maintain a constant effect. Mathematically, rheobase is equivalent to half the current that needs to be applied for the duration of chronaxie, which is a strength-duration time constant that corresponds to the duration of time that elicits a response when the nerve is stimulated at twice rheobasic strength.The strength-duration curve was first discovered by G. Weiss in 1901, but it was not until 1909 that Louis Lapicque coined the term ""rheobase"". Many studies are being conducted in relation to rheobase values and the dynamic changes throughout maturation and between different nerve fibers. In the past strength-duration curves and rheobase determinations were used to assess nerve injury; today, they play a role in clinical identification of many neurological pathologies, including as Diabetic neuropathy, CIDP, Machado-Joseph Disease, and ALS.