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... Sensory neuron – transmits the afferent impulse to the CNS Integration center – either monosynaptic or polysynaptic region within the CNS Motor neuron – conducts efferent impulses from the integration center to an effector Effector – muscle fiber or gland that responds to the efferent ...
... Sensory neuron – transmits the afferent impulse to the CNS Integration center – either monosynaptic or polysynaptic region within the CNS Motor neuron – conducts efferent impulses from the integration center to an effector Effector – muscle fiber or gland that responds to the efferent ...
Chapter 16A
... • Pain receptors (nociceptors) are located in nearly every body tissue except the brain • Stimulated by excessive distension, muscle spasm & inadequate blood flow • Tissue injury releases chemicals such as K+, kinins & prostaglandins that stimulate nociceptors ...
... • Pain receptors (nociceptors) are located in nearly every body tissue except the brain • Stimulated by excessive distension, muscle spasm & inadequate blood flow • Tissue injury releases chemicals such as K+, kinins & prostaglandins that stimulate nociceptors ...
I. Nerve Organization
... II. Division of Nervous System A. Cell Types 1. Gray Matter – Neurons without myelin sheath 2. White Matter – Neurons with fatty myelin sheath. 3. Neuroglia – Cells of nervous system other than neurons (Schwann cells). ...
... II. Division of Nervous System A. Cell Types 1. Gray Matter – Neurons without myelin sheath 2. White Matter – Neurons with fatty myelin sheath. 3. Neuroglia – Cells of nervous system other than neurons (Schwann cells). ...
Nervous-System
... • 1. Take one pipe cleaner and roll it into a ball. This is will be the cell body. • 2.Take another pipe cleaner and attach it to the new "cell body" by pushing it through the ball so there are two halves sticking out. Take the two halves and twist them together into a single extension. This will be ...
... • 1. Take one pipe cleaner and roll it into a ball. This is will be the cell body. • 2.Take another pipe cleaner and attach it to the new "cell body" by pushing it through the ball so there are two halves sticking out. Take the two halves and twist them together into a single extension. This will be ...
Understanding-the.. - Windsor C
... • Resting potential: resting axon has a – charge • Action potential: when excited, pores open and + ions flow through axon “firing” an electrical pathway to the terminal button – Increase in + ions is called depolarization – the # of ions necessary for “firing” is called the threshold • Once the pro ...
... • Resting potential: resting axon has a – charge • Action potential: when excited, pores open and + ions flow through axon “firing” an electrical pathway to the terminal button – Increase in + ions is called depolarization – the # of ions necessary for “firing” is called the threshold • Once the pro ...
Chapter 1: Concepts and Methods in Biology - Rose
... 3. Graded potential–change in Vm proportional to amount of stimulation (fig. 48.8) C. Action potential–an all-or-none electrical event that propagates down axons 1. Axons propagate action potentials once Vm exceeds a threshold potential (≈ -50 mV) 2. All-or-none event (i.e., amplitude of action pote ...
... 3. Graded potential–change in Vm proportional to amount of stimulation (fig. 48.8) C. Action potential–an all-or-none electrical event that propagates down axons 1. Axons propagate action potentials once Vm exceeds a threshold potential (≈ -50 mV) 2. All-or-none event (i.e., amplitude of action pote ...
Control of Movement
... Sensory neuron ---> alpha motor neurons monosynaptic excitation disynaptic inhibition ~ ...
... Sensory neuron ---> alpha motor neurons monosynaptic excitation disynaptic inhibition ~ ...
Document
... stimulated it – either inside or outside the body • Perception: A process that makes sensory patterns meaningful and more elaborate • Stimulation Transduction Sensation Perception ...
... stimulated it – either inside or outside the body • Perception: A process that makes sensory patterns meaningful and more elaborate • Stimulation Transduction Sensation Perception ...
File
... - Na+ gates on the axon open up and let Na+ flow in. -The inside of the neuron gains an positive charge and the outside gains a negative charge. -This is known as action potential. ...
... - Na+ gates on the axon open up and let Na+ flow in. -The inside of the neuron gains an positive charge and the outside gains a negative charge. -This is known as action potential. ...
Human Anatomy - Fisiokinesiterapia
... Motor (efferent) nerves convey motor impulses from the CNS to the muscles and glands. Mixed nerves: both sensory and motor Axons terminate as they contact other neurons, muscle cells, or gland cells. An axon transmits a nerve impulse at a specialized junction with another neuron called synapse. ...
... Motor (efferent) nerves convey motor impulses from the CNS to the muscles and glands. Mixed nerves: both sensory and motor Axons terminate as they contact other neurons, muscle cells, or gland cells. An axon transmits a nerve impulse at a specialized junction with another neuron called synapse. ...
Human Anatomy, First Edition McKinley&O'Loughlin
... Motor (efferent) nerves convey motor impulses from the CNS to the muscles and glands. Mixed nerves: both sensory and motor Axons terminate as they contact other neurons, muscle cells, or gland cells. An axon transmits a nerve impulse at a specialized junction with another neuron called synapse. ...
... Motor (efferent) nerves convey motor impulses from the CNS to the muscles and glands. Mixed nerves: both sensory and motor Axons terminate as they contact other neurons, muscle cells, or gland cells. An axon transmits a nerve impulse at a specialized junction with another neuron called synapse. ...
Nervous System
... Na+ specific channels in the membrane open and Na+ floods into the cell The charge on the inside of the cell is now LESS negative (more positive) ...
... Na+ specific channels in the membrane open and Na+ floods into the cell The charge on the inside of the cell is now LESS negative (more positive) ...
Action Potential Webquest
... 5. How does an action potential conduct along an axon? 6. Describe and draw an action potential. ...
... 5. How does an action potential conduct along an axon? 6. Describe and draw an action potential. ...
Slide ()
... precentral gyrus, or Brodmann’s area 4) and in the premotor and supplemental motor cortex (area 6). The upper motor neurons in the primary motor cortex are somatotopically organized (right side of figure). Axons of the upper motor neurons descend through the subcortical white matter and the posterio ...
... precentral gyrus, or Brodmann’s area 4) and in the premotor and supplemental motor cortex (area 6). The upper motor neurons in the primary motor cortex are somatotopically organized (right side of figure). Axons of the upper motor neurons descend through the subcortical white matter and the posterio ...
Biology of Humans 2/e
... Nerves that carry messages from the brain or spinal cord are part of the efferent division of the PNS. ...
... Nerves that carry messages from the brain or spinal cord are part of the efferent division of the PNS. ...
BOX 11.1 NEURONAL CABLE THEORY AND COMPUTATIONAL
... one of Rall’s (1959) key contributions was his analysis of the effects of branching in cables: primarily in dendrites, but also in axons (Goldstein & Rall, 1974). In its analytical form, the cable equation can only be applied to passive dendrites with current sources (i.e., no synaptic or voltage-ga ...
... one of Rall’s (1959) key contributions was his analysis of the effects of branching in cables: primarily in dendrites, but also in axons (Goldstein & Rall, 1974). In its analytical form, the cable equation can only be applied to passive dendrites with current sources (i.e., no synaptic or voltage-ga ...
AP Psychology - HOMEWORK 9
... ________________________. Increasing a stimulus above this level will not increase the neural impulse's intensity. This phenomenon is called an ______-______-________________ response. (2 pts) ...
... ________________________. Increasing a stimulus above this level will not increase the neural impulse's intensity. This phenomenon is called an ______-______-________________ response. (2 pts) ...
THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM AND REFLEX ACTIVITY
... location or the location of the activating stimulus – Receptors may be classified based on their overall structural complexity ...
... location or the location of the activating stimulus – Receptors may be classified based on their overall structural complexity ...
teeth
... Part II—The Motor Neuron Halothane clearly had an effect on Mr. Thompson’s voluntary motor system. During this case study you will determine the location of this effect by looking at the normal function of motor nerves, chemical synapses, and the muscles. You will determine how halothane could act to ...
... Part II—The Motor Neuron Halothane clearly had an effect on Mr. Thompson’s voluntary motor system. During this case study you will determine the location of this effect by looking at the normal function of motor nerves, chemical synapses, and the muscles. You will determine how halothane could act to ...
Mind, Brain & Behavior
... Astereognosia – inability to recognize objects by touch. Neglect syndrome – ignore half of body. ...
... Astereognosia – inability to recognize objects by touch. Neglect syndrome – ignore half of body. ...
ANPS 019 Beneyto-Santonja 11-07
... Receptive field – part of the body from which the receptor can be stimulated (e.g., area of skin for touch sensation) o Small receptive fields can discriminate finer sensations o When receptors synapse in spinal cord, many receptors converge; therefore, spinal cord neuron receptive fields are much ...
... Receptive field – part of the body from which the receptor can be stimulated (e.g., area of skin for touch sensation) o Small receptive fields can discriminate finer sensations o When receptors synapse in spinal cord, many receptors converge; therefore, spinal cord neuron receptive fields are much ...
Physio study guide unit 2
... What are the three ways a channel’s conductance can change? Discuss sodium’s three gating positions. How are these gating positions involved in refractory period? What is absolute refractory period? What is relative refractory period? What is saltatory conduction (salta means “to jump”) with respect ...
... What are the three ways a channel’s conductance can change? Discuss sodium’s three gating positions. How are these gating positions involved in refractory period? What is absolute refractory period? What is relative refractory period? What is saltatory conduction (salta means “to jump”) with respect ...
The Special Senses
... • Adaptation – the loss of sensitivity after continuous stimulation – Tonic receptors are always active – Phasic receptors only relay changes in the conditions they are monitoring ...
... • Adaptation – the loss of sensitivity after continuous stimulation – Tonic receptors are always active – Phasic receptors only relay changes in the conditions they are monitoring ...
Rheobase
Rheobase is a measure of membrane excitability. In neuroscience, rheobase is the minimal current amplitude of infinite duration (in a practical sense, about 300 milliseconds) that results in the depolarization threshold of the cell membranes being reached, such as an action potential or the contraction of a muscle. In Greek, the root ""rhe"" translates to current or flow, and ""basi"" means bottom or foundation: thus the rheobase is the minimum current that will produce an action potential or muscle contraction.Rheobase can be best understood in the context of the strength-duration relationship (Fig. 1). The ease with which a membrane can be stimulated depends on two variables: the strength of the stimulus, and the duration for which the stimulus is applied. These variables are inversely related: as the strength of the applied current increases, the time required to stimulate the membrane decreases (and vice versa) to maintain a constant effect. Mathematically, rheobase is equivalent to half the current that needs to be applied for the duration of chronaxie, which is a strength-duration time constant that corresponds to the duration of time that elicits a response when the nerve is stimulated at twice rheobasic strength.The strength-duration curve was first discovered by G. Weiss in 1901, but it was not until 1909 that Louis Lapicque coined the term ""rheobase"". Many studies are being conducted in relation to rheobase values and the dynamic changes throughout maturation and between different nerve fibers. In the past strength-duration curves and rheobase determinations were used to assess nerve injury; today, they play a role in clinical identification of many neurological pathologies, including as Diabetic neuropathy, CIDP, Machado-Joseph Disease, and ALS.