We have seen how the Nervous System plays an important role in
... This needs A LOT of help. Good diagrams are a must for this topic!!! I’m not sure if this is too specific and needs to be more general, or if it is too general and needs to be more specific???????? We have seen how the nervous system plays an important role in reaction time, stability and balance, h ...
... This needs A LOT of help. Good diagrams are a must for this topic!!! I’m not sure if this is too specific and needs to be more general, or if it is too general and needs to be more specific???????? We have seen how the nervous system plays an important role in reaction time, stability and balance, h ...
in the central nervous system
... Interneurons (associative neurons) – relay impulses neuron to neuron Found only in the central nervous system ...
... Interneurons (associative neurons) – relay impulses neuron to neuron Found only in the central nervous system ...
Sensory function
... • Our body has a nerve called cranial nerve X, also known as the vagus nerve, which is a very important player in our body. This is because it's a nerve that innervates the heart, lungs and the digestive tract( oseophagus ). There is one vagal nerve on either side of your body. • The only cranial ne ...
... • Our body has a nerve called cranial nerve X, also known as the vagus nerve, which is a very important player in our body. This is because it's a nerve that innervates the heart, lungs and the digestive tract( oseophagus ). There is one vagal nerve on either side of your body. • The only cranial ne ...
here
... Signals in the synapse are transmitted chemically. When an electrical impulse reaches the end of the neuron (the pre-synaptic terminal) it triggers the release of neurotransmitters from tiny sacs known as vesicles. These neurotransmitters diffuse across the gap and are taken up by receptors. T ...
... Signals in the synapse are transmitted chemically. When an electrical impulse reaches the end of the neuron (the pre-synaptic terminal) it triggers the release of neurotransmitters from tiny sacs known as vesicles. These neurotransmitters diffuse across the gap and are taken up by receptors. T ...
Lecture #13 – Animal Nervous Systems
... Voltage Gate Activity 4. Falling Phase – Na+ inactivation gates close, K+ activation gates open – Na+ influx stops, K+ efflux is rapid 5. Undershoot – K+ activation gates close, but not until membrane potential has gone a little bit below resting potential 6. Refractory Period – the Na+ inactivatio ...
... Voltage Gate Activity 4. Falling Phase – Na+ inactivation gates close, K+ activation gates open – Na+ influx stops, K+ efflux is rapid 5. Undershoot – K+ activation gates close, but not until membrane potential has gone a little bit below resting potential 6. Refractory Period – the Na+ inactivatio ...
lecture 14 File
... • transmit motor information from the CNS to effectors (muscles/glands/adipose tissue) in the periphery of the body. ...
... • transmit motor information from the CNS to effectors (muscles/glands/adipose tissue) in the periphery of the body. ...
the limbic system
... (a) the ionic concentration differences across the membrane, and (b) the membrane's relative permeabilities to different ions. Plasma membrane Na,K-ATPase pumps maintain intracellular sodium concentration low and potassium high. In almost all resting cells, the plasma membrane is much more permeable ...
... (a) the ionic concentration differences across the membrane, and (b) the membrane's relative permeabilities to different ions. Plasma membrane Na,K-ATPase pumps maintain intracellular sodium concentration low and potassium high. In almost all resting cells, the plasma membrane is much more permeable ...
Neuron Powerpoint
... • After entering the eye and being focused by the lens, light waves strike the retina. • The rods in the eye sensitive to light • The cons in the eye color-sensitive • These convert the light into the neural impulses, which are coded by the retina before going to the optic nerve. ...
... • After entering the eye and being focused by the lens, light waves strike the retina. • The rods in the eye sensitive to light • The cons in the eye color-sensitive • These convert the light into the neural impulses, which are coded by the retina before going to the optic nerve. ...
UNIT 3
... called neural coding. The amount of neurotransmitter released at the axon terminal is directly related to the number of action potentials that arrive at the terminal per unit of time. An increase in signal strength increases neurotransmitter output. ...
... called neural coding. The amount of neurotransmitter released at the axon terminal is directly related to the number of action potentials that arrive at the terminal per unit of time. An increase in signal strength increases neurotransmitter output. ...
temporal lobe
... Lens: thick, transparent biconvex disc Changes shape for precise focusing of light on retina Onion-like avascular fibers, increase through life Cataract if becomes clouded Note lens below, but in life it is clear ...
... Lens: thick, transparent biconvex disc Changes shape for precise focusing of light on retina Onion-like avascular fibers, increase through life Cataract if becomes clouded Note lens below, but in life it is clear ...
Biological Basis of Behavior
... • Seratonin is the brain chemical that is associated with moods, concentration and attention Thinking about the information in the last slides, explain what happens in the brain with people who are depressed ...
... • Seratonin is the brain chemical that is associated with moods, concentration and attention Thinking about the information in the last slides, explain what happens in the brain with people who are depressed ...
Neuroglia - wsscience
... Restoring normal resting potential after depolarization Combination of ion movement through membrane channels and the activity of ion pumps especially sodium and potassium pumps ...
... Restoring normal resting potential after depolarization Combination of ion movement through membrane channels and the activity of ion pumps especially sodium and potassium pumps ...
Paper: A differentially amplified motion in the ear for near
... organ of Corti receptor potential compared with basilar membrane motion. ...
... organ of Corti receptor potential compared with basilar membrane motion. ...
Document
... • Brightness: Sensation caused by the intensity of light waves • Color: Psychological sensation derived from the wavelength of visible light – color, itself, is not a property of the external world • Electromagnetic spectrum: Entire range of electromagnetic energy, including radio waves, X-rays, mic ...
... • Brightness: Sensation caused by the intensity of light waves • Color: Psychological sensation derived from the wavelength of visible light – color, itself, is not a property of the external world • Electromagnetic spectrum: Entire range of electromagnetic energy, including radio waves, X-rays, mic ...
SNS—brain and spinal cord
... Two types of cells 1. Neurons—primary functional units, they send and receive impulses. Dendrites, short processes from cell body that conduct impulses towards the cell body. Afferent—towards the cell body, to the CNS, sensory Efferent—away from the cell body, motor neurons, from the CNS to ca ...
... Two types of cells 1. Neurons—primary functional units, they send and receive impulses. Dendrites, short processes from cell body that conduct impulses towards the cell body. Afferent—towards the cell body, to the CNS, sensory Efferent—away from the cell body, motor neurons, from the CNS to ca ...
conductance versus current-based integrate-and - Neuro
... currents are hard to handle analytically and it has been difficult to gain insight into the quantitative behaviour of ensembles of such neurons. A much-simplified model neuron, the integrate-and-fire (IF) neuron captures many of the broad features that biological neurons share and has become a stand ...
... currents are hard to handle analytically and it has been difficult to gain insight into the quantitative behaviour of ensembles of such neurons. A much-simplified model neuron, the integrate-and-fire (IF) neuron captures many of the broad features that biological neurons share and has become a stand ...
The Nervous System
... The chemicals move along to the next neuron sparking an electrical charge which moves the nerve impulse forward. This happens several times until the message gets where it's going. It's a bit like you running around the house switching lights on. Pressing the switch causes electricity to flow th ...
... The chemicals move along to the next neuron sparking an electrical charge which moves the nerve impulse forward. This happens several times until the message gets where it's going. It's a bit like you running around the house switching lights on. Pressing the switch causes electricity to flow th ...
Ch. 35 Nervous System edit
... B. Neurons = cells that transmit electrical signals (impulses) 1. 3 types of neurons = sensory, interneurons, motor 2. Parts of neuron a. cell body = contains nucleus and cytoplasm b. dendrites = branched extensions that receive stimuli from the environment or from other neurons, impulse goes toward ...
... B. Neurons = cells that transmit electrical signals (impulses) 1. 3 types of neurons = sensory, interneurons, motor 2. Parts of neuron a. cell body = contains nucleus and cytoplasm b. dendrites = branched extensions that receive stimuli from the environment or from other neurons, impulse goes toward ...
Chapter 28
... • The vertebrate nervous system uses dozens of different kinds of neurotransmitters. • They fall into two classes, depending on whether they excite or inhibit the postsynaptic cell. • In an excitatory synapse, the chemically-gated channel is usually a Na+ channel. • This can lead to an action potent ...
... • The vertebrate nervous system uses dozens of different kinds of neurotransmitters. • They fall into two classes, depending on whether they excite or inhibit the postsynaptic cell. • In an excitatory synapse, the chemically-gated channel is usually a Na+ channel. • This can lead to an action potent ...
NERVOUS TISSUE
... Nervous Tissue consists of 2 types of cells • 1 - Neurons – main cells, specialized to • perception of sensory stimuli, • processing received information and • transmission it further to other neurons in form of nerve impulses ...
... Nervous Tissue consists of 2 types of cells • 1 - Neurons – main cells, specialized to • perception of sensory stimuli, • processing received information and • transmission it further to other neurons in form of nerve impulses ...
eating spaghetti!
... nerve impulse in the second neuron. The electrical signal is changing from positive to negative, and it moves the nerve impulse along a neuron. Neurons are in a fiber-like bundle called a nerve, and the impulses are all traveling in the same direction. ...
... nerve impulse in the second neuron. The electrical signal is changing from positive to negative, and it moves the nerve impulse along a neuron. Neurons are in a fiber-like bundle called a nerve, and the impulses are all traveling in the same direction. ...
motor unit
... weak contraction called a “twitch” Greater tension can be produced by repeated stimulation of the muscle fiber before it relaxes. Two twitches from two action potentials add together or sum to produce greater tension. This twitch summation is similar to temporal summation of EPSPs at the postsynapti ...
... weak contraction called a “twitch” Greater tension can be produced by repeated stimulation of the muscle fiber before it relaxes. Two twitches from two action potentials add together or sum to produce greater tension. This twitch summation is similar to temporal summation of EPSPs at the postsynapti ...
PRACTICE QUIZ
... 11. Nasal mucus is produced by ______________________________________________________________ 12. Olfactory neurons are frequently replaced because their lifespan is only about _________________ days. 13. Olfactory neurons synapse with mitral cells within complex structures called __________________ ...
... 11. Nasal mucus is produced by ______________________________________________________________ 12. Olfactory neurons are frequently replaced because their lifespan is only about _________________ days. 13. Olfactory neurons synapse with mitral cells within complex structures called __________________ ...
Rheobase
Rheobase is a measure of membrane excitability. In neuroscience, rheobase is the minimal current amplitude of infinite duration (in a practical sense, about 300 milliseconds) that results in the depolarization threshold of the cell membranes being reached, such as an action potential or the contraction of a muscle. In Greek, the root ""rhe"" translates to current or flow, and ""basi"" means bottom or foundation: thus the rheobase is the minimum current that will produce an action potential or muscle contraction.Rheobase can be best understood in the context of the strength-duration relationship (Fig. 1). The ease with which a membrane can be stimulated depends on two variables: the strength of the stimulus, and the duration for which the stimulus is applied. These variables are inversely related: as the strength of the applied current increases, the time required to stimulate the membrane decreases (and vice versa) to maintain a constant effect. Mathematically, rheobase is equivalent to half the current that needs to be applied for the duration of chronaxie, which is a strength-duration time constant that corresponds to the duration of time that elicits a response when the nerve is stimulated at twice rheobasic strength.The strength-duration curve was first discovered by G. Weiss in 1901, but it was not until 1909 that Louis Lapicque coined the term ""rheobase"". Many studies are being conducted in relation to rheobase values and the dynamic changes throughout maturation and between different nerve fibers. In the past strength-duration curves and rheobase determinations were used to assess nerve injury; today, they play a role in clinical identification of many neurological pathologies, including as Diabetic neuropathy, CIDP, Machado-Joseph Disease, and ALS.