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Textbook for Beginning Koasati Yok sat
Textbook for Beginning Koasati Yok sat

... 4. Making  Sentences   Sentences  often  include  subjects  (the  one  doing  the  action)  and  objects  (the  people  or  things  affected  by   the  action).    Subjects  in  Koasati  are  usually  marked  with  -­‐k.    Objects  are ...
The role of abstract syntactic knowledge in language acquisition: a
The role of abstract syntactic knowledge in language acquisition: a

... has a life of its own in adult usage as well. Naigles and Hoff-Ginsberg (1995) found a pattern of verb use in mothers’ speech to 2-year-olds that is very similar to Tomasello’s detailed observations of his daughter’s speech before 2 years: the individual verbs they examined appeared in unique sets o ...
Development of the Term Hedges
Development of the Term Hedges

... membership of a predicate or a noun phrase. They then explained that in accordance with Lakkoff’s main concern, however, the term later been defined, for example by Brown and Levinson as a particle, word or phrase that modifies the degree of membership that is partial or true only in certain respect ...
action verb
action verb

... • A verb changes its form to show tense and to agree with its subject.  • The tense of a verb tells when an action takes place.  • The present tense of a verb names an action that happens regularly.  • It can also express a general truth.  • The present tense is usually the same as the base form ...
On Resultative Past Participles in Spanish
On Resultative Past Participles in Spanish

... expressions such as, say, A desired future. If we take past to be an aspectual notion from the perspective of grammatical aspect (sometimes called viewpoint aspect), just like (im)perfective tenses are, we might postulate a “hidden have”: a desired future is a future that someone has desired, rather ...
Linguistic Models - Geert Booij`s Page
Linguistic Models - Geert Booij`s Page

... among which the concept ACTION. The minimal assumption that we make here is that EAT is categorized as a instantiation of the category of ACTIONs. The level of PAS not only specifies the number of arguments that have to be realized syntactically, but also contains a minimal form of syntactic annotat ...
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GF Japanese Resource Grammar

... addressed, and the person being talked about. These markers appear on verbs, adjectives, and even nouns. For example, the informal form of the verb to go, 行く “iku”, is used when speaking with someone close to the speaker, but if the person addressed is a stranger or is older than the speaker, the p ...
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Actives, passives and ergatives English has active and passive

... – Ergative verb The emphasis is entirely on the action. We do not know who is responsible. It is as though the project started all by itself. In some languages you could indicate this with a reflexive verb. In other languages the sentence would not be possible. In English it is possible because of t ...
An Overview of Lexical Semantics
An Overview of Lexical Semantics

... of an explanation of why some verbs appear as middles and others do not. In such a case, it would seem plausible to suppose that AC is true, and that some verbs specify in their semantic structure that they affect their direct object (in the right way). To be sure, AC is not the end of the story abo ...
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The verbal suffixes of Wolof coding valency changes

... etymological relations between -e and some of the other suffixes listed above. 2. The notion of co-participation Before presenting the Wolof data, we devote this section to some clarifications on the notion of co-participation, and to a brief presentation of observations on cross-linguistic manifest ...
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this PDF file - Open Access journals at UiO
this PDF file - Open Access journals at UiO

... one’s stomach starts “making sounds” independently of one’s volition, for example, after a meal. Such a situation stands out and is almost always rendered by an animal metaphor. It is as if there were a wild animal in one’s stomach, usually a dog or a bear, as in Russ. určat’ (‘to growl’) or Eng. gr ...
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JapaneseVisual Grammar Reference Sheets

... Other syllables that don’t occur naturally in Japanese are often formed by using a small version of a vowel. For example, “fu+small o” makes “fo”: フォ. Simularly, ヴぁ makes “va” A small tsu (ッ) represents a double consonant. For example, カッタ means “katta.” A long dash (一) represents a long or double v ...
Events, Processes, and States
Events, Processes, and States

... Vendler's tests for accomplishments. In the phrases marked by small capitals, the verb is in activity predication, as marked by the adverbial phrase during any substrelch . . . , which expresses the homogeneity condition, the prime test for activities. It might seem at first blush that the distincti ...
Correcting Misuse of Verb Forms
Correcting Misuse of Verb Forms

... these extremes, English uses a combination of inflections (see Table 1) and “helping words”, or auxiliaries, to form complex verb phrases. It should come as no surprise, then, that the misuse of verb forms is a common error category for some non-native speakers of English. For example, in the Japane ...
Christiane Fellbaum, How and when to add a new concept and how
Christiane Fellbaum, How and when to add a new concept and how

... Content words (senses) in definitions (“glosses”) are manually linked to the appropriate synsets Corpus (= the set of all definitions) is useful for --training and testing WSD systems --informing learners about the meaning of the headword(s) ...
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ASSIDUE Hocąk as an active/inactive language

... Another observation with regard to agentive languages is that we do not find passives in this type of languages. A passive clause is an alternative construction to an active clause which allows a) promoting a pragmatically important participant from the object function in the active clause to the sy ...
Why begin when you can commence – Aspects of near
Why begin when you can commence – Aspects of near

... Australian newspapers. Occurrences were also collected from the novel Wuthering Heights (1847) by Emily Brontë. The primary aims of the essay are to investigate the frequency and occurrence of the verbs in different text types as well as in British and American books, to reveal if the verbs are syno ...
Gerunds and Infinitives
Gerunds and Infinitives

... The infinitive with to is used:  After certain verbs which can be followed by to-infinitive or by a noun or pronoun in the accusative plus a to infinitive, that is, the structure can be verb + toinfinitive: I want to go to the pictures, or verb + object + to infinitive: I want him to come with me t ...
How to Find Serial Verbs in English
How to Find Serial Verbs in English

... one tense, aspect and polarity value. SVCs may also share core and other arguments. Each component of an SVC must be able to occur on its own. Within an SVC, the individual verbs may have same, or different, transitivity values.” Aikhenvald (2006:1) also says SVCs are widespread in Creole languages, ...
Module 2: Writing about the past
Module 2: Writing about the past

... 1. We secured the bicycles safely ____________ the train left the station. 2. Elsa hurt her back _______________ she didn’t lift the box carefully. 3. She twisted around _____________ carrying a heavy box. 4. He has learnt a lot about customer service ____________ he started training. 5. Pete didn’t ...
Questionnaire for property verbs in African languages
Questionnaire for property verbs in African languages

... identical to object markers (Allaoua 1992). 1.3.5. Is it possible for a verb form defined under A.1 to occur in all tense/aspect/mood forms? 1.3.6. If not, what restrictions are there? (This question corresponds to question B.1.4-1.8 with respect to semantics) 1.3.7. Are there conjugations or combin ...
Years 6-10 - Booktopia
Years 6-10 - Booktopia

... Part II: Adding Detail and Avoiding Common Errors...... 79 Chapter 6: Modifying with Adjectives and Adverbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Adding Meaning with Adjectives.................................................................. 82 Uncovering adjectives........................ ...
Lexicalization of Serbian Verbs: Evidence from - e
Lexicalization of Serbian Verbs: Evidence from - e

... suggests that the lexicon should not focus only on the meaning of verbs. Rather, in order to understand their behavior, what should also be taken into account are the verb‟s arguments (p. 10), which is also clear from the examples (1) and (2). The choice of different arguments may explain different ...
Document Version - Kent Academic Repository
Document Version - Kent Academic Repository

... line with the production studies (as noted above). For example, Akhtar and Tomasello (1997) performed two novel verb, act-out tasks using two slightly different methodologies and found that, in line with the production data, children below 3 years of age were very poor at acting out appropriately tr ...
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Kagoshima verb conjugations

The verbal morphology of the Kagoshima dialects is heavily marked by numerous distinctive phonological processes, as well as both morphological and lexical differences. The following article deals primarily with the changes and differences affecting the verb conjugations of the central Kagoshima dialect, spoken throughout most of the mainland and especially around Kagoshima City, though notes on peripheral dialects may be added. Like standard Japanese, verbs do not inflect for person or plurality, and come in nine basic stems. However, contrary to the standard language, all verbs ending with the stem -ru conjugate regularly as consonant-stem verbs, though irregularities are present in other forms.Most notably, the distinction and irregular conjugation pattern of the shimo nidan or ""lower bigrade"" ending -(y)uru, which corresponds to standard Japanese -eru, is still preserved in the dialect. However, kami nidan or ""upper bigrade"" verbs ending in -iru have merged with all other verbs ending in -ru, in a similar fashion to other Kyushu dialects like that of Ōita.
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