Large brains and cognition: Where do elephants fit in?
... are met by travel over long distances, along with family and clan associations which are maintained at long distances, one would expect fitness benefits for long-term memory about details of the environment regarding food and water resources, as well as social relationships, to be accumulated within t ...
... are met by travel over long distances, along with family and clan associations which are maintained at long distances, one would expect fitness benefits for long-term memory about details of the environment regarding food and water resources, as well as social relationships, to be accumulated within t ...
brain derived neurotrophic factor transport and physiological
... factor affecting several neuronal populations not responsive to NGF. Now the family consists of NGF, BDNF, neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), and neurotrophin-4/5 (NT-4/5). More recently, members of numerous other families of proteins, such as glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family, were also dis ...
... factor affecting several neuronal populations not responsive to NGF. Now the family consists of NGF, BDNF, neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), and neurotrophin-4/5 (NT-4/5). More recently, members of numerous other families of proteins, such as glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family, were also dis ...
CNBC onnect - cnbc.cmu.edu - Center for Neural Basis of Cognition
... however, a gap in detailed understanding of the features processed in mid-level vision. This is complicated by the fact that there is feedback from the higher- to lower-level cortices. To better understand such featural processing, and especially to account for feedback effects, Yang is exploiting t ...
... however, a gap in detailed understanding of the features processed in mid-level vision. This is complicated by the fact that there is feedback from the higher- to lower-level cortices. To better understand such featural processing, and especially to account for feedback effects, Yang is exploiting t ...
Soto-Faraco (2003) Multisensory contributions to the perception of
... before the line itself is presented.3 However, these studies of the line-motion illusion, as well as the other studies discussed so far, are only marginally informative with regard to the question of how multisensory motion cues are integrated. This is because they do not specifically address the pe ...
... before the line itself is presented.3 However, these studies of the line-motion illusion, as well as the other studies discussed so far, are only marginally informative with regard to the question of how multisensory motion cues are integrated. This is because they do not specifically address the pe ...
Module 1 - Doral Academy Preparatory
... – Based on the belief that childhood experiences greatly influence the development of later personality traits and psychological problems – stresses the influence of unconscious fears, desires, and motivations on thoughts, behaviors, and the development of personality traits and psychological proble ...
... – Based on the belief that childhood experiences greatly influence the development of later personality traits and psychological problems – stresses the influence of unconscious fears, desires, and motivations on thoughts, behaviors, and the development of personality traits and psychological proble ...
cerebral cortex - CM
... The Spinal Cord • Spinal cord – composed primarily of nervous tissue; responsible for both relaying and processing information; less anatomically complex than brain but still vitally important to normal nervous system function; two primary roles: • Serves as a relay station and as an intermediate p ...
... The Spinal Cord • Spinal cord – composed primarily of nervous tissue; responsible for both relaying and processing information; less anatomically complex than brain but still vitally important to normal nervous system function; two primary roles: • Serves as a relay station and as an intermediate p ...
Perception Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity: From Synapse to
... In most in vitro studies of STDP, the induction protocol consists of relatively simple spike patterns with pre/post spikes paired at regular intervals. The advantage of this approach is that each induction pattern can be described by a small number of parameters, and the dependence of synaptic modif ...
... In most in vitro studies of STDP, the induction protocol consists of relatively simple spike patterns with pre/post spikes paired at regular intervals. The advantage of this approach is that each induction pattern can be described by a small number of parameters, and the dependence of synaptic modif ...
Neurophysiological investigation of the basis of the fMRI signal
... slow-varying ®eld potentials. An ideal combination is functional imaging in experimental animals with microelectrode recordings of such potentials, including single-spike responses and ®eld potentials, whereby the latter relate well not only to spike activity but also to subthreshold integrative pro ...
... slow-varying ®eld potentials. An ideal combination is functional imaging in experimental animals with microelectrode recordings of such potentials, including single-spike responses and ®eld potentials, whereby the latter relate well not only to spike activity but also to subthreshold integrative pro ...
Biological Foundations of Behavior
... • Parts of neurons – Cell body: central part of nerve cell; contains nucleus or cell’s control center – Dendrites: small branches extending from cell; receive messages from other neurons ...
... • Parts of neurons – Cell body: central part of nerve cell; contains nucleus or cell’s control center – Dendrites: small branches extending from cell; receive messages from other neurons ...
powerpoint lecture
... 1. Receptor—site of stimulus action 2. Sensory neuron—transmits afferent impulses to CNS 3. Integration center—either monosynaptic or polysynaptic region within CNS 4. Motor neuron—conducts efferent impulses from integration center to effector organ 5. Effector—muscle fiber or gland cell that respon ...
... 1. Receptor—site of stimulus action 2. Sensory neuron—transmits afferent impulses to CNS 3. Integration center—either monosynaptic or polysynaptic region within CNS 4. Motor neuron—conducts efferent impulses from integration center to effector organ 5. Effector—muscle fiber or gland cell that respon ...
PDF
... Model-free action selection, by contrast, is based on learning these long-run values of actions (or a preference order between actions) without either building or searching through a model. RL provides a number of methods for doing this, in which learning is based on momentary inconsistencies betwee ...
... Model-free action selection, by contrast, is based on learning these long-run values of actions (or a preference order between actions) without either building or searching through a model. RL provides a number of methods for doing this, in which learning is based on momentary inconsistencies betwee ...
LIFE-SPAN DEVELOPMENT
... • Parts of neurons – Cell body: central part of nerve cell; contains nucleus or cell’s control center – Dendrites: small branches extending from cell; receive messages from other neurons ...
... • Parts of neurons – Cell body: central part of nerve cell; contains nucleus or cell’s control center – Dendrites: small branches extending from cell; receive messages from other neurons ...
Spatial and Temporal Structure of Receptive Fields in Primate
... orientation, and elongation of the excitatory (a . 0) or inhibitory (a , 0) component represented by the Gaussian f unction. Each component is delayed with respect to skin stimulation, and therefore the effect of each component is displaced from its true center by an amount and direction that is pro ...
... orientation, and elongation of the excitatory (a . 0) or inhibitory (a , 0) component represented by the Gaussian f unction. Each component is delayed with respect to skin stimulation, and therefore the effect of each component is displaced from its true center by an amount and direction that is pro ...
Smelling on the fly: sensory cues and strategies for olfactory
... source may change as the environment changes. To take an obvious example, visual cues may be useful in the daytime but less useful at night. This makes chemotaxis an interesting behavior from the perspective of understanding how the nervous system selects a particular program of action among differe ...
... source may change as the environment changes. To take an obvious example, visual cues may be useful in the daytime but less useful at night. This makes chemotaxis an interesting behavior from the perspective of understanding how the nervous system selects a particular program of action among differe ...
The Nervous System
... 1. Seizure: sudden burst of abnormal neuron activity that results in temporary changes in brain function 2. Epilepsy: many forms, all characterized by recurring seizures a. Most common forms: i. Grand Mal—tonic and clonic contractions of the whole body ii. Petit mal – disconnect between brain and wo ...
... 1. Seizure: sudden burst of abnormal neuron activity that results in temporary changes in brain function 2. Epilepsy: many forms, all characterized by recurring seizures a. Most common forms: i. Grand Mal—tonic and clonic contractions of the whole body ii. Petit mal – disconnect between brain and wo ...
CS 561a: Introduction to Artificial Intelligence
... The tips of the branches of the axon form synapses upon other neurons or upon effectors (though synapses may occur along the branches of an axon as well as the ends). The arrows indicate the direction of "typical" information flow from inputs to outputs. CS 561, Session 28 ...
... The tips of the branches of the axon form synapses upon other neurons or upon effectors (though synapses may occur along the branches of an axon as well as the ends). The arrows indicate the direction of "typical" information flow from inputs to outputs. CS 561, Session 28 ...
Regulation of synaptic functions in central nervous system by
... The number and subunit composition of NMDARs at the synapse are under dynamic regulations during synaptic plasticity [47]. Leptin has been shown to facilitate the induction phase of hippocampal LTP (long-term potentiation) [48,49] probably through the activation of NMDARs [50]. Acute application of ...
... The number and subunit composition of NMDARs at the synapse are under dynamic regulations during synaptic plasticity [47]. Leptin has been shown to facilitate the induction phase of hippocampal LTP (long-term potentiation) [48,49] probably through the activation of NMDARs [50]. Acute application of ...
The Cerebellum - krigolson teaching
... that have distinctive roles in different kinds of movements: the vestibulocerebellum, spinocerebellum, and cerebrocerebellum (Figure 42–3). The vestibulocerebellum consists of the flocculonodular lobe and is the most primitive part of the cerebellum, appearing first in fishes. It receives vestibular ...
... that have distinctive roles in different kinds of movements: the vestibulocerebellum, spinocerebellum, and cerebrocerebellum (Figure 42–3). The vestibulocerebellum consists of the flocculonodular lobe and is the most primitive part of the cerebellum, appearing first in fishes. It receives vestibular ...
PII: S0006-8993(97) - UCSD Cognitive Science
... the Silver Spring Monkeys might be due to the substantial differences in postsurgical survival durations, or, alternatively, simply to species differences. It should be noted that small projections from gracile fasciculus fibers into the cuneate nucleus have been reported in normal rats w8,9,11,20,2 ...
... the Silver Spring Monkeys might be due to the substantial differences in postsurgical survival durations, or, alternatively, simply to species differences. It should be noted that small projections from gracile fasciculus fibers into the cuneate nucleus have been reported in normal rats w8,9,11,20,2 ...
1 - Projeto Andar de Novo
... immunomodulatory action, GA may probably exert effects on the nervous tissue itself. Such interactions are currently poorly understood. In the present work we have studied the effect of different doses of GA (1.2 , 2.5 e 5.0 µg/ml of medium) during 5 consecutive days on astrocyte primary cell cultur ...
... immunomodulatory action, GA may probably exert effects on the nervous tissue itself. Such interactions are currently poorly understood. In the present work we have studied the effect of different doses of GA (1.2 , 2.5 e 5.0 µg/ml of medium) during 5 consecutive days on astrocyte primary cell cultur ...
Generation of Rapid Eye Movements during Paradoxical Sleep in
... the ponto-mesencephalic reticular formation and closely relates to the occurrence of the so-called pontogeniculo-occipital (PGO) waves (Mouret et al., 1963). PGO waves are prominent phasic bioelectrical potentials which occur in isolation or in bursts during the transition from slow wave sleep (SWS) ...
... the ponto-mesencephalic reticular formation and closely relates to the occurrence of the so-called pontogeniculo-occipital (PGO) waves (Mouret et al., 1963). PGO waves are prominent phasic bioelectrical potentials which occur in isolation or in bursts during the transition from slow wave sleep (SWS) ...
Reflexes - Sinoe Medical Association
... • Soft cloth is placed over the babies eyes and nose • Baby arches head and turns head side to side • Brings both hands to face to swipe cloth away ...
... • Soft cloth is placed over the babies eyes and nose • Baby arches head and turns head side to side • Brings both hands to face to swipe cloth away ...
spinal cord - Zanichelli
... Active neurons have an action potential An action potential allows Na+ ions to flow in, thus inside the cell becomes more positive (depolarization). The action potential ends, K+ channels open and the equilibrium is reestablished (polarization). ...
... Active neurons have an action potential An action potential allows Na+ ions to flow in, thus inside the cell becomes more positive (depolarization). The action potential ends, K+ channels open and the equilibrium is reestablished (polarization). ...