Connections Between the Retrosplenial Cortex and the
... (i.e., layers V and VI) of postsubiculum. Contralateral neurons in the deep layers (i.e., layers V and VI) of postsubiculum also project to Rgb. Rostral parts of Rgb receive a projection predominantly from area C A I ,the dorsalmost part of subiculum, and rostral parts of postsubiculum. In contrast, ...
... (i.e., layers V and VI) of postsubiculum. Contralateral neurons in the deep layers (i.e., layers V and VI) of postsubiculum also project to Rgb. Rostral parts of Rgb receive a projection predominantly from area C A I ,the dorsalmost part of subiculum, and rostral parts of postsubiculum. In contrast, ...
A Comparison of Neural Spike Classification Techniques.
... associated with the Medial Sensillum. The first classification technique to be discussed is template matching [1,2]. Each class is associated with a template vector. In our case the templates are identical to the ensemble averages. The template method computes the root of the squared difference betw ...
... associated with the Medial Sensillum. The first classification technique to be discussed is template matching [1,2]. Each class is associated with a template vector. In our case the templates are identical to the ensemble averages. The template method computes the root of the squared difference betw ...
An Integrative Theory on Prefrontal Cortex Function
... them. They provide bias signals throughout much of the rest of the brain, affecting not only visual processes but also other sensory modalities, as well as systems responsible for response execution, memory retrieval, emotional evaluation, etc. The aggregate effect of these bias signals is to guide ...
... them. They provide bias signals throughout much of the rest of the brain, affecting not only visual processes but also other sensory modalities, as well as systems responsible for response execution, memory retrieval, emotional evaluation, etc. The aggregate effect of these bias signals is to guide ...
Connections underlying the synthesis of cognition,
... sponses to visual stimuli are dependent on behavior, manifested by accentuated activity when the monkey is required to attend to a stimulus in a behavioral task (e.g., [35,62,180]). Nevertheless, there are also differences in the neuronal responses in the FEF and the intraparietal visuomotor areas. ...
... sponses to visual stimuli are dependent on behavior, manifested by accentuated activity when the monkey is required to attend to a stimulus in a behavioral task (e.g., [35,62,180]). Nevertheless, there are also differences in the neuronal responses in the FEF and the intraparietal visuomotor areas. ...
Fluorescence Recordings of Electrical Activity in Goldfish Optic
... enough to be able to observe the even smaller fluorescence changes (~0.1%) associated with activity in the afferent fibers. In these cases, we used the larger rectangular aperture, and illuminated a larger region of the slice. This resulted in approximately 35 times more detected fluorescence and a ...
... enough to be able to observe the even smaller fluorescence changes (~0.1%) associated with activity in the afferent fibers. In these cases, we used the larger rectangular aperture, and illuminated a larger region of the slice. This resulted in approximately 35 times more detected fluorescence and a ...
Epileptiform Activity Can Be Initiated in Various Neocortical Layers
... and Connors 1989b), and layer V alone is sufficient for generating epileptiform activity in a zero-Mg21 epilepsy model (Silva et al. 1991). However, it recently has been reported that isolated superficial layers also can initiate epileptiform activity and may even dominate the initiation process in ...
... and Connors 1989b), and layer V alone is sufficient for generating epileptiform activity in a zero-Mg21 epilepsy model (Silva et al. 1991). However, it recently has been reported that isolated superficial layers also can initiate epileptiform activity and may even dominate the initiation process in ...
A neural theory of speech acquisition and production
... speech sound map must first be activated by the new speech sound along pathways from the auditory regions of superior temporal cortex (pathways not shown in Fig. 1). These pathways are generally omitted from current implementations of the DIVA model for simplicity, although they are necessary for a m ...
... speech sound map must first be activated by the new speech sound along pathways from the auditory regions of superior temporal cortex (pathways not shown in Fig. 1). These pathways are generally omitted from current implementations of the DIVA model for simplicity, although they are necessary for a m ...
34. Organ of balance and hearing
... other acoustic properties Sound waves must be of sufficient amplitude to move the tympanic membrane and have a frequency capable of stimulating the hair cells in the organ of Corti (spiral organ) (Figure 15-13) Basilar membrane width and thickness varies throughout its length High-frequency so ...
... other acoustic properties Sound waves must be of sufficient amplitude to move the tympanic membrane and have a frequency capable of stimulating the hair cells in the organ of Corti (spiral organ) (Figure 15-13) Basilar membrane width and thickness varies throughout its length High-frequency so ...
Disentangling pleasure from incentive salience and
... that fired to only one stimulus (53%). In the cue-only extinction block of trials, 45% of VP neurons (52/115) fired phasically at the onset of the CS+1 and/or CS+2 cues (23% of these fired to the CS+1, 21% of these fired to the CS+2, and 56% of these fired to both) (Figs. 2 and 4 and Fig. S1). The phasic ...
... that fired to only one stimulus (53%). In the cue-only extinction block of trials, 45% of VP neurons (52/115) fired phasically at the onset of the CS+1 and/or CS+2 cues (23% of these fired to the CS+1, 21% of these fired to the CS+2, and 56% of these fired to both) (Figs. 2 and 4 and Fig. S1). The phasic ...
Narrow Versus Wide Tuning Curves: What`s Best for a Population
... Consider now a case in which the noise distribution is no longer fixed, such as in the two-layer network illustrated in Figure 1B. The network has the same number of units in both layers, and the output layer contains lateral connections, which sharpen the tuning curves. This case is particularly re ...
... Consider now a case in which the noise distribution is no longer fixed, such as in the two-layer network illustrated in Figure 1B. The network has the same number of units in both layers, and the output layer contains lateral connections, which sharpen the tuning curves. This case is particularly re ...
University of Groningen Gustatory neural processing in the
... taste quality is transmitted via a separate 'neural line' through the medulla, thalamus and cortex. This model assumes that individual gustatory fibers are more or less narrowly tuned to one of the primary taste qualities and that the function of any one neuron would be to signal its particular enco ...
... taste quality is transmitted via a separate 'neural line' through the medulla, thalamus and cortex. This model assumes that individual gustatory fibers are more or less narrowly tuned to one of the primary taste qualities and that the function of any one neuron would be to signal its particular enco ...
Uncaging Compunds: - Florida State University
... synaptic transmission occurs when APs reaches the synapse. – Action potentials invade the presynaptic terminal causing glutamate to be released and then to bind onto receptors on the postsynaptic spine. – 1:1 correspondence between spines and presynaptic terminals – Neurons have about 10,000 inputs ...
... synaptic transmission occurs when APs reaches the synapse. – Action potentials invade the presynaptic terminal causing glutamate to be released and then to bind onto receptors on the postsynaptic spine. – 1:1 correspondence between spines and presynaptic terminals – Neurons have about 10,000 inputs ...
Narrow versus wide tuning curves: What`s best for a population code?
... Consider now a case in which the noise distribution is no longer xed, such as in the two-layer network illustrated in Figure 1B. The network has the same number of units in both layers, and the output layer contains lateral connections, which sharpen the tuning curves. This case is particularly rel ...
... Consider now a case in which the noise distribution is no longer xed, such as in the two-layer network illustrated in Figure 1B. The network has the same number of units in both layers, and the output layer contains lateral connections, which sharpen the tuning curves. This case is particularly rel ...
The computational and neural basis of voluntary motor control and
... and is generated entirely by the spinal cord. Activity after 100ms has traditionally been viewed as ‘voluntary’, because movement-related EMG can be generated at this time from visual or somatosensory stimuli [40]. The time from 50 to 100 ms is termed the long latency response and involves both spi ...
... and is generated entirely by the spinal cord. Activity after 100ms has traditionally been viewed as ‘voluntary’, because movement-related EMG can be generated at this time from visual or somatosensory stimuli [40]. The time from 50 to 100 ms is termed the long latency response and involves both spi ...
Glioblastoma - The Brain Tumour Charity
... physical examination. They will also test your nervous system (called a ‘neurological examination’). This involves looking at your vision, hearing, alertness, muscle strength, co-ordination and reflexes. ...
... physical examination. They will also test your nervous system (called a ‘neurological examination’). This involves looking at your vision, hearing, alertness, muscle strength, co-ordination and reflexes. ...
A Cortical Substrate for Memory
... Anatomical, stimulation, and lesion data have suggested a homology between the rat frontal orienting fields (FOF) (centered at +2 AP, ±1.3 ML mm from Bregma) and primate frontal cortices such as the frontal or supplementary eye fields. We investigated the functional role of the FOF using rats traine ...
... Anatomical, stimulation, and lesion data have suggested a homology between the rat frontal orienting fields (FOF) (centered at +2 AP, ±1.3 ML mm from Bregma) and primate frontal cortices such as the frontal or supplementary eye fields. We investigated the functional role of the FOF using rats traine ...
Chapter 14: Brain Control of Movement
... The Basal Ganglia • The Motor Loop (Cont’d) – Basal Ganglia Disorders (Cont’d) • Huntington’s disease • Symptoms: Hyperkinesia, dyskinesia, dementia, impaired cognitive disability, personality disorder • Hemiballismus: Violent, flinging movement on one side of the body • Loss of inhibition with los ...
... The Basal Ganglia • The Motor Loop (Cont’d) – Basal Ganglia Disorders (Cont’d) • Huntington’s disease • Symptoms: Hyperkinesia, dyskinesia, dementia, impaired cognitive disability, personality disorder • Hemiballismus: Violent, flinging movement on one side of the body • Loss of inhibition with los ...
Attention
... tasks. Discuss how attention can alter the speed of visual processing, assuming attention to visual objects does not have a direct effect on visual transduction or motor coding. 7. Explain the concept of shifting attention. Discuss the effects on the brain of shifting attention from one task to ano ...
... tasks. Discuss how attention can alter the speed of visual processing, assuming attention to visual objects does not have a direct effect on visual transduction or motor coding. 7. Explain the concept of shifting attention. Discuss the effects on the brain of shifting attention from one task to ano ...
Narrow versus wide tuning curves: What`s best for a population code?
... Consider now a case in which the noise distribution is no longer xed, such as in the two-layer network illustrated in Figure 1B. The network has the same number of units in both layers, and the output layer contains lateral connections, which sharpen the tuning curves. This case is particularly rel ...
... Consider now a case in which the noise distribution is no longer xed, such as in the two-layer network illustrated in Figure 1B. The network has the same number of units in both layers, and the output layer contains lateral connections, which sharpen the tuning curves. This case is particularly rel ...
video slide - Plattsburgh State Faculty and Research Web Sites
... • Current is measured as the amount of charge moving between two points. ...
... • Current is measured as the amount of charge moving between two points. ...
Divergent Projections from the Anterior Inferotemporal Area TE to
... Figure 3. Cytoarchitecture of TEav, the caudal part of area 36 (36c), area 35, and area 28. A, Nissl-stained section. There is a separation between layers V and VI in TEav but not in 36c. Layer IV is present in area 36 but absent in areas 35 and 28. The presence of intensely stained large neurons in ...
... Figure 3. Cytoarchitecture of TEav, the caudal part of area 36 (36c), area 35, and area 28. A, Nissl-stained section. There is a separation between layers V and VI in TEav but not in 36c. Layer IV is present in area 36 but absent in areas 35 and 28. The presence of intensely stained large neurons in ...
with task performance neural responses and determining their
... mone 1994; Pagan et al. 2013). Likewise, tasks that require flexible rule-based mappings of sensory stimuli onto behavioral responses involve manipulating the sensory stimulus and the rule (e.g., Bennur and Gold 2011; Mansouri et al. 2007). A slightly less obvious example is a task that requires a s ...
... mone 1994; Pagan et al. 2013). Likewise, tasks that require flexible rule-based mappings of sensory stimuli onto behavioral responses involve manipulating the sensory stimulus and the rule (e.g., Bennur and Gold 2011; Mansouri et al. 2007). A slightly less obvious example is a task that requires a s ...
Human medial frontal cortex mediates unconscious inhibition of
... years before testing. He had initially presented with a generalized seizure. MR imaging at that time revealed a small area of signal change in the left SFG, consistent with venous infarction. The patient was treated with an anticonvulsant and anticoagulated. He recovered well, without further seizur ...
... years before testing. He had initially presented with a generalized seizure. MR imaging at that time revealed a small area of signal change in the left SFG, consistent with venous infarction. The patient was treated with an anticonvulsant and anticoagulated. He recovered well, without further seizur ...