Cerebellum: Movement Regulation and Cognitive Functions
... cortex, although Figure 1 does not show all of these details. Since the projections throughout the premotor network are predominantly excitatory, they transmit positive feedback. If positive feedback is sufficiently strong, it will promote regenerative activity, which could provide the driving force t ...
... cortex, although Figure 1 does not show all of these details. Since the projections throughout the premotor network are predominantly excitatory, they transmit positive feedback. If positive feedback is sufficiently strong, it will promote regenerative activity, which could provide the driving force t ...
Selectivity and sparseness in the responses of striate complex cells
... situations where, unlike in Fig. 3, the entropy does not converge as the size of the stimulus set increases. However, that will not be an issue for any probability distributions encountered in this study. A general point about non-parametric selectivity is that its value depends not only on the rece ...
... situations where, unlike in Fig. 3, the entropy does not converge as the size of the stimulus set increases. However, that will not be an issue for any probability distributions encountered in this study. A general point about non-parametric selectivity is that its value depends not only on the rece ...
PDF (2_RMC_CH1_Introduction)
... reaction, such as salivation, to only the meaningful stimulus. Over time, the subject begins to respond to the previously neutral stimulus in the same way as the meaningful one. The subject has formed an association; he or she now begins salivating to the presence of the bell alone without food. In ...
... reaction, such as salivation, to only the meaningful stimulus. Over time, the subject begins to respond to the previously neutral stimulus in the same way as the meaningful one. The subject has formed an association; he or she now begins salivating to the presence of the bell alone without food. In ...
Columnar Organization of Dendrites and Axons of Single and
... both neurons. Note that the characteristic asymmetric dendritic configuration of spiny stellate cells is confined to layer 4, whereas the axons of the presynaptic and postsynaptic neuron project throughout the cortex from layer 1 to the white matter with extensive arborization in layers 2/3 and 4. I ...
... both neurons. Note that the characteristic asymmetric dendritic configuration of spiny stellate cells is confined to layer 4, whereas the axons of the presynaptic and postsynaptic neuron project throughout the cortex from layer 1 to the white matter with extensive arborization in layers 2/3 and 4. I ...
Zoran Đogaš
... The all-or-none law is based upon the difference between graded potentials and action potentials ...
... The all-or-none law is based upon the difference between graded potentials and action potentials ...
The Basics of Brain Development | SpringerLink
... to fit in comparatively small cranial vaults that had to remain small to accommodate the birth process (see Fig. 3a). The largest and most important brain information processing networks involve the neocortex and the subcortical nuclei that relay information to and from the neocortex. The neocortex ...
... to fit in comparatively small cranial vaults that had to remain small to accommodate the birth process (see Fig. 3a). The largest and most important brain information processing networks involve the neocortex and the subcortical nuclei that relay information to and from the neocortex. The neocortex ...
Lecture notes Neural Computation
... system is hard to study in isolation. Neurons have a narrow range of operating conditions (temperature, oxygen, presence of other neurons, ion concentrations, ... ) under which they work. Secondly, the neurons form a highly interconnected network. The function of the nervous systems depends on this ...
... system is hard to study in isolation. Neurons have a narrow range of operating conditions (temperature, oxygen, presence of other neurons, ion concentrations, ... ) under which they work. Secondly, the neurons form a highly interconnected network. The function of the nervous systems depends on this ...
The Nervous System - McGraw Hill Higher Education
... Acts to prepare the body for action in stressful situations by engaging all of the organism’s resources to run away or confront the threat ...
... Acts to prepare the body for action in stressful situations by engaging all of the organism’s resources to run away or confront the threat ...
Cortico–basal ganglia circuit mechanism for a decision threshold in
... also suggested that the threshold can be tuned to optimize the trade-off between speed and accuracy11,15. We thus ask the following questions: (i) what is the neural substrate of a decision threshold, (ii) how is the threshold-crossing event read out, and (iii) can the threshold be tuned by biologic ...
... also suggested that the threshold can be tuned to optimize the trade-off between speed and accuracy11,15. We thus ask the following questions: (i) what is the neural substrate of a decision threshold, (ii) how is the threshold-crossing event read out, and (iii) can the threshold be tuned by biologic ...
2002-2003 - Parkinson Canada
... the burden of disease. During these surgeries we record the activity of individual brain cells in the region in order to localize the target for placing the electrodes. We will examine the response properties of neurons as the patient makes sequential movements of the hands to push buttons on a boar ...
... the burden of disease. During these surgeries we record the activity of individual brain cells in the region in order to localize the target for placing the electrodes. We will examine the response properties of neurons as the patient makes sequential movements of the hands to push buttons on a boar ...
Chapter 15 Perceptual Development
... The problem is how to study the sensory abilities of infants. The psychophysical methods discussed in Chapter 2 will not work, at least as described. Infants do not talk and young children lack the ability to talk much. Psychophysics relies on the ability of the participant to verbally respond. Whil ...
... The problem is how to study the sensory abilities of infants. The psychophysical methods discussed in Chapter 2 will not work, at least as described. Infants do not talk and young children lack the ability to talk much. Psychophysics relies on the ability of the participant to verbally respond. Whil ...
Distinct or Gradually Changing Spatial and Nonspatial
... Figure 1. Properties of place-field size, theta oscillation, and nonspatial responses along the dorsoventral axis of the hippocampus. A, Summary of data from different studies (Jung et al., 1994; Maurer et al., 2005; Kjelstrup et al., 2008; Royer et al., 2010) showing the ratio of place-field size i ...
... Figure 1. Properties of place-field size, theta oscillation, and nonspatial responses along the dorsoventral axis of the hippocampus. A, Summary of data from different studies (Jung et al., 1994; Maurer et al., 2005; Kjelstrup et al., 2008; Royer et al., 2010) showing the ratio of place-field size i ...
Chapter 12: Central Nervous System
... Receives information from the skin and skeletal muscles Exhibits spatial discrimination ...
... Receives information from the skin and skeletal muscles Exhibits spatial discrimination ...
Olfactory Physiology - Viktor`s Notes for the Neurosurgery Resident
... (e.g. methyl mercaptan, substance in garlic, can be smelled at concentration < 500 pg/L of air). olfactory DISCRIMINATION – remarkable! (humans can recognize more than 10,000 different odors); even dextro- and levo- rotatory forms, cis- and trans- forms can be distinguished. determination of odo ...
... (e.g. methyl mercaptan, substance in garlic, can be smelled at concentration < 500 pg/L of air). olfactory DISCRIMINATION – remarkable! (humans can recognize more than 10,000 different odors); even dextro- and levo- rotatory forms, cis- and trans- forms can be distinguished. determination of odo ...
Nerve sheaths:
... Synaptic transmission (electrical synapse) occur either by: Conduction of nerve impulse from one cell to another (through depolarization) (1) Bidirectional (2)In C.N.C Or transmitted by chemical transmission i.e releasing of neurotransmitter from the axon to the synaptic site (1) Unidirectional ...
... Synaptic transmission (electrical synapse) occur either by: Conduction of nerve impulse from one cell to another (through depolarization) (1) Bidirectional (2)In C.N.C Or transmitted by chemical transmission i.e releasing of neurotransmitter from the axon to the synaptic site (1) Unidirectional ...
123COM.CHP:Corel VENTURA
... activity. On the one hand, the finding that intrinsic signals identif y reasonably well the area of activation, assessed by electrophysiological recordings, supports the validity of using vascular-based methods to localize brain function. On the other hand, the observation that the topography of the ...
... activity. On the one hand, the finding that intrinsic signals identif y reasonably well the area of activation, assessed by electrophysiological recordings, supports the validity of using vascular-based methods to localize brain function. On the other hand, the observation that the topography of the ...
Activity of Neurons in Anterior Inferior Temporal Cortex during a
... tasks that require the monkey to retain memories across a “blank” retention interval, during which no visual stimuli are presented. Outside the laboratory, however, memories frequently must be retained while new information is being processed. It is not understood how IT neurons can participate in m ...
... tasks that require the monkey to retain memories across a “blank” retention interval, during which no visual stimuli are presented. Outside the laboratory, however, memories frequently must be retained while new information is being processed. It is not understood how IT neurons can participate in m ...
Introduction and Summary - Cyprus Chiropractic Association
... Attention Deficit Disorders and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders – ADD ADHD Attention Deficit Disorder / Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder – ADD / ADHD – belong to a spectrum of neurological disorders with no known physiological basis or so it was thought. The spectrum goes from Atte ...
... Attention Deficit Disorders and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders – ADD ADHD Attention Deficit Disorder / Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder – ADD / ADHD – belong to a spectrum of neurological disorders with no known physiological basis or so it was thought. The spectrum goes from Atte ...
The Vestibular System
... VIII. The rotational VOR keeps the eye still when the head rotates, and uses the canal signal. IX. The translational VOR keeps the eyes still when the head moves laterally and uses the otolith signal (for example when you are looking out of the window of the A train and trying to read the name of th ...
... VIII. The rotational VOR keeps the eye still when the head rotates, and uses the canal signal. IX. The translational VOR keeps the eyes still when the head moves laterally and uses the otolith signal (for example when you are looking out of the window of the A train and trying to read the name of th ...
Enhanced cholinergic suppression of previously strengthened synapses enables the formation of
... storage process have shown that the memory capacity of a realistic cortical network can be greatly enhanced if cholinergic modulation blocks transmission at synaptic connections of the association fibers during the learning process. We here present experimental data from an olfactory cortex brain sli ...
... storage process have shown that the memory capacity of a realistic cortical network can be greatly enhanced if cholinergic modulation blocks transmission at synaptic connections of the association fibers during the learning process. We here present experimental data from an olfactory cortex brain sli ...
Crapse (2008) Corollary discharge across the animal kingdom
... stage (FIG. 1b). In studies on fish, Sperry3 coined the term “corollary discharge” (CD) to denote motor-related signals that influence sensory processing, but his conception was less specific as to where the branch from motor to sensory pathways should emerge. In this Review we compare motor-to-sens ...
... stage (FIG. 1b). In studies on fish, Sperry3 coined the term “corollary discharge” (CD) to denote motor-related signals that influence sensory processing, but his conception was less specific as to where the branch from motor to sensory pathways should emerge. In this Review we compare motor-to-sens ...
Organization of Somatic Nervous system, Spinal nerve and Reflex arc
... Simplified reflex arc stimulus sensory neurone receptor spinal relay cord of neurone central nervous system motor neurone ...
... Simplified reflex arc stimulus sensory neurone receptor spinal relay cord of neurone central nervous system motor neurone ...
Use of rabies virus as a transneuronal tracer of neuronal
... Transneuronal tracing with rabies virus: 1 - Amplification of the signal: selfamplifying marker. 2 - Exclusive tropism for neurones in vivo. 3 - Absence of degeneration of infected neurones: possibility of combined visualisation of neurotransmitters & other tracers. 4 - Specificity: propagation excl ...
... Transneuronal tracing with rabies virus: 1 - Amplification of the signal: selfamplifying marker. 2 - Exclusive tropism for neurones in vivo. 3 - Absence of degeneration of infected neurones: possibility of combined visualisation of neurotransmitters & other tracers. 4 - Specificity: propagation excl ...
Introduction to Sensation and Perception
... of the candle strike the right side of the retina. The candle’s retinal image is thus upside-down and ...
... of the candle strike the right side of the retina. The candle’s retinal image is thus upside-down and ...
Chapter 14
... Place cells in the hippocampal formation – When recording the activity of individual neurons in the hippocampus of an animals moving around its env’t, some neurons fired at a high rate only when the rat was in a particular location – The suggests evidence that different neurons have different spatia ...
... Place cells in the hippocampal formation – When recording the activity of individual neurons in the hippocampus of an animals moving around its env’t, some neurons fired at a high rate only when the rat was in a particular location – The suggests evidence that different neurons have different spatia ...