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Electrophysiological recordings from behaving animals—going
... recordings were performed linking features of the extracellular waveform to intrinsic properties of action potentials [26]. From this study it was concluded that several intracellular parameters can be deduced from extracellular spike waveforms. The width and amplitude of the intracellular spike are ...
... recordings were performed linking features of the extracellular waveform to intrinsic properties of action potentials [26]. From this study it was concluded that several intracellular parameters can be deduced from extracellular spike waveforms. The width and amplitude of the intracellular spike are ...
Dynamic computation in a recurrent network of heterogeneous
... their interactions with nearby clusters [1]. In contrast, networks with heterogeneous neurons tend to bias the locations where clusters reside. Clusters do not wander freely but are instead pinned to the locations that maximize their local recurrent feedback. One intriguing possibility is that the i ...
... their interactions with nearby clusters [1]. In contrast, networks with heterogeneous neurons tend to bias the locations where clusters reside. Clusters do not wander freely but are instead pinned to the locations that maximize their local recurrent feedback. One intriguing possibility is that the i ...
Membrane Properties Underlying the Firing of Neurons in the Avian
... potential, the arrival rate is at least equal to the neuron’s discharge rate. Moreover, because an NM neuron is innervated by 2-3 VIIIth nerve afferents (Hackett et al., 1982; Jackson and Parks, 1982) and because each fiber can discharge at a maximum sustained rate of approximately 400 Hz (Manley et ...
... potential, the arrival rate is at least equal to the neuron’s discharge rate. Moreover, because an NM neuron is innervated by 2-3 VIIIth nerve afferents (Hackett et al., 1982; Jackson and Parks, 1982) and because each fiber can discharge at a maximum sustained rate of approximately 400 Hz (Manley et ...
Non-NMDA and NMDA receptors transmit area postrema input to
... AP and baroreceptor inputs (5). Facilitative interactions at NTS synapses have also been demonstrated for AP and vagal afferent inputs (5) in the intact rabbit and for AP and solitary tract inputs in a rabbit brain stem slice (18). One important step in delineating the nature of AP modulation of bar ...
... AP and baroreceptor inputs (5). Facilitative interactions at NTS synapses have also been demonstrated for AP and vagal afferent inputs (5) in the intact rabbit and for AP and solitary tract inputs in a rabbit brain stem slice (18). One important step in delineating the nature of AP modulation of bar ...
Sequencing the connectome. - Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
... detection circuit on the left, sequential activation of input neurons from left to right (1, 4, 7, 10) will generate less activity in the output neuron (0) than activation from right to left (10, 7, 4, 1). The lateral inhibition circuit on the right is wired similarly, but the addition of a few extr ...
... detection circuit on the left, sequential activation of input neurons from left to right (1, 4, 7, 10) will generate less activity in the output neuron (0) than activation from right to left (10, 7, 4, 1). The lateral inhibition circuit on the right is wired similarly, but the addition of a few extr ...
Full version (PDF file)
... the neocortex of rodents and primates, including humans. The possible neuroprotective role of calretinin and the presumed “resistance” of calretinin-expressing interneurons to various pathological processes are also discussed. Key words Calcium-binding ...
... the neocortex of rodents and primates, including humans. The possible neuroprotective role of calretinin and the presumed “resistance” of calretinin-expressing interneurons to various pathological processes are also discussed. Key words Calcium-binding ...
Genetic Analysis of the Drosophila Ellipsoid Body
... ABSTRACT: The central complex is an important center for higher-order brain function in insects. It is an intricate neuropil composed of four substructures. Each substructure contains repeated neuronal elements which are connected by processes such that topography is maintained. Although the neurona ...
... ABSTRACT: The central complex is an important center for higher-order brain function in insects. It is an intricate neuropil composed of four substructures. Each substructure contains repeated neuronal elements which are connected by processes such that topography is maintained. Although the neurona ...
17-Basal ganglion
... It is an autosomal dominant inherited disease with the onset occurring in adult life. Within the striatum, there is particular attrition of the cells that project to the lateral segment of the globus pallidus ( indirect segment ). This leads to disinhibition of the lateral pallidal neurons and inhib ...
... It is an autosomal dominant inherited disease with the onset occurring in adult life. Within the striatum, there is particular attrition of the cells that project to the lateral segment of the globus pallidus ( indirect segment ). This leads to disinhibition of the lateral pallidal neurons and inhib ...
A cytoarchitectonic and TH-immunohistochemistry
... The rock cavy has a predominantly crepuscular behavior (Sousa and Menezes, 2006) and is adapted to the Brazilian Northeast ecological conditions such as heat, water and food scarcity, especially in periods of severe drought. It inhabits rocky places with numerous crevices where it takes shelter from ...
... The rock cavy has a predominantly crepuscular behavior (Sousa and Menezes, 2006) and is adapted to the Brazilian Northeast ecological conditions such as heat, water and food scarcity, especially in periods of severe drought. It inhabits rocky places with numerous crevices where it takes shelter from ...
PN - Neurobiologie, FU Berlin
... The expression pattern of olfactory Receptor genes in Drosophila shows: -different receptor molecules are expressed in different receptor neurons -axones of recept neurons project to the same glomerulus ...
... The expression pattern of olfactory Receptor genes in Drosophila shows: -different receptor molecules are expressed in different receptor neurons -axones of recept neurons project to the same glomerulus ...
Subthalamic Stimulation-Induced Synaptic Responses in Substantia
... 1973; Grace and Bunney 1984a,b; Tepper et al. 1995; Wilson et al. 1977). In vitro, under control conditions, dopaminergic neurons in adults fire only in the pacemaker-like mode (Grace 1987). This difference suggests that afferent input to nigral dopaminergic neurons plays an important role in regula ...
... 1973; Grace and Bunney 1984a,b; Tepper et al. 1995; Wilson et al. 1977). In vitro, under control conditions, dopaminergic neurons in adults fire only in the pacemaker-like mode (Grace 1987). This difference suggests that afferent input to nigral dopaminergic neurons plays an important role in regula ...
The Nervous System - 1
... – unidirectional – magnitude is steady • No increase or decrease in a created action potentials depolarization ...
... – unidirectional – magnitude is steady • No increase or decrease in a created action potentials depolarization ...
Not all vosial categorization tasks require attention
... realize that the U-shape prediction was a poor choice in the proposal, since it depended crucially on finding units which receive inputs from C2 cells activated strongly by one object (the preferred one) but not by the “sufficiently dissimilar” one. It turns out that such a situation is unlikely eve ...
... realize that the U-shape prediction was a poor choice in the proposal, since it depended crucially on finding units which receive inputs from C2 cells activated strongly by one object (the preferred one) but not by the “sufficiently dissimilar” one. It turns out that such a situation is unlikely eve ...
Transient information flow in a network of excitatory and inhibitory
... originates from the fact that the phase diagram of the type of networks we study in this article, can be qualitatively drawn as a function of two parameters only; the external drive (mean and variance) and the effective ratio between excitation and inhibition. The presence of an asynchronous phase of ...
... originates from the fact that the phase diagram of the type of networks we study in this article, can be qualitatively drawn as a function of two parameters only; the external drive (mean and variance) and the effective ratio between excitation and inhibition. The presence of an asynchronous phase of ...
Vocal Control Neuron Incorporation Decreases with Age in the Adult
... be found at 1 and 4 months of survival, not whether the numbers of labeled neurons differed between these two survival times. Fluoro-gold labeling. Four days before being killed, birds that received [ 3H]thymidine also received 2-hydroxy-4,4⬘-diamidinostilbene (FluoroGold; Fluorochrome, Englewood, C ...
... be found at 1 and 4 months of survival, not whether the numbers of labeled neurons differed between these two survival times. Fluoro-gold labeling. Four days before being killed, birds that received [ 3H]thymidine also received 2-hydroxy-4,4⬘-diamidinostilbene (FluoroGold; Fluorochrome, Englewood, C ...
Neurotransmitter Profile of Saccadic Omnipause Neurons in
... and Biittner, 1988: Ohgaki et al., 1989; Langer and Kaneko, 1990), the exact sources of inputs and synaptic mechanisms producing the characteristic firing pattern of OPNs are still not clear. Pharmacological experiments in cats suggest that the tonic activity of OPNs is controlled by inhibitory sero ...
... and Biittner, 1988: Ohgaki et al., 1989; Langer and Kaneko, 1990), the exact sources of inputs and synaptic mechanisms producing the characteristic firing pattern of OPNs are still not clear. Pharmacological experiments in cats suggest that the tonic activity of OPNs is controlled by inhibitory sero ...
moth`s nervous system - Wageningen UR E
... understand the neurobiological mechanisms through which information about a specific olfactory signal, the female's sex pheromone, is detected and integrated with inputs of other modalities in the male moth's brain and how the message ultimately initiates and controls the characteristic behavioral r ...
... understand the neurobiological mechanisms through which information about a specific olfactory signal, the female's sex pheromone, is detected and integrated with inputs of other modalities in the male moth's brain and how the message ultimately initiates and controls the characteristic behavioral r ...
house symposium 2015 - Instituto do Cérebro
... For studying context-dependent modulation of unit spiking and assembly activity, we recorded single units and LFPs from V1 of anesthetized cats (n=4) and identified groups of neurons forming assemblies. We stimulated with moving natural scenes in two conditions: i) a foreground patch covering all CR ...
... For studying context-dependent modulation of unit spiking and assembly activity, we recorded single units and LFPs from V1 of anesthetized cats (n=4) and identified groups of neurons forming assemblies. We stimulated with moving natural scenes in two conditions: i) a foreground patch covering all CR ...
Optical Control of Muscle Function by Transplantation of Stem Cell
... across the barrier between the central and peripheral nervous system to reach the appropriate muscles (6). It has previously been shown that motor neurons derived from ESCs can be engrafted into a peripheral nerve environment and successfully reinnervate denervated muscle (7). However, these engraft ...
... across the barrier between the central and peripheral nervous system to reach the appropriate muscles (6). It has previously been shown that motor neurons derived from ESCs can be engrafted into a peripheral nerve environment and successfully reinnervate denervated muscle (7). However, these engraft ...
Evidence for neurogenesis in the adult mammalian substantia nigra
... BrdUrd⫹ nuclei were found in nigral neurons in animals analyzed immediately after i.p. or after 2 days i.c.v. administration, arguing against DNA repair-associated incorporation. In agreement with earlier studies reporting an increased neuronal labeling when [3H]thymidine was given directly into the ...
... BrdUrd⫹ nuclei were found in nigral neurons in animals analyzed immediately after i.p. or after 2 days i.c.v. administration, arguing against DNA repair-associated incorporation. In agreement with earlier studies reporting an increased neuronal labeling when [3H]thymidine was given directly into the ...
Frequency decoding of periodically timed action potentials through
... neurons that encompasses about an octave. Frequency discrimination by such a network is accordingly restricted to a spectral band of less than an octave, and many networks, each with a distinct range of temporal delays, are required to cover a broader frequency range. Where might such structures exi ...
... neurons that encompasses about an octave. Frequency discrimination by such a network is accordingly restricted to a spectral band of less than an octave, and many networks, each with a distinct range of temporal delays, are required to cover a broader frequency range. Where might such structures exi ...
Pre-Bötzinger complex
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/A2A_receptor_bilayer.png?width=300)
The pre-Bötzinger complex (preBötC) is a cluster of interneurons in the ventrolateral medulla of the brainstem. This complex has been proven to be essential for the generation of respiratory rhythm in mammals. The exact mechanism of the rhythm generation and transmission to motor nuclei remains controversial and the topic of much present research.Several synthetic compounds have been shown to act on neurons specific to the preBötC, most being selective agonists or antagonists to receptor subtypes on neurons in the vicinity. Since many of these neurons express GABA, glutamate, serotonin and adenosine receptors, chemicals custom tailored to bind at these sites are most effective at altering respiratory rhythm.Adenosine modulates the preBötC output via activation of the A1 and A2A receptor subtypes. An adenosine A1 receptor agonist has been shown to depress preBötC rhythmogenesis independent of the neurotransmitters GABA and glycine in ""in vitro"" preparations from 0-7 day old mice. Another synthetic drug specific to the adenosine A2A receptor subtype is CGS-21680 that has been shown to cause apneas in 14-21 day old rat pups in vivo. For this reason, it has been used as a model to study pathological conditions such as apnea of prematurity and SIDS in neonatal infants.