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... a causal link between neural activation and brain function. Electrical microstimulation, which can selectively perturb neural activity in specific parts of the nervous system, is an important tool for exploring the organization and function of brain circuitry. To date, the studies describing the beh ...
... a causal link between neural activation and brain function. Electrical microstimulation, which can selectively perturb neural activity in specific parts of the nervous system, is an important tool for exploring the organization and function of brain circuitry. To date, the studies describing the beh ...
Phase synchronization of bursting neurons in clustered small
... We thus have both intracluster and intercluster probabilities, related to the subnetwork describing one cluster and the connections among clusters, respectively. Such a hierarchical network can be used for the numerical investigation of many collective dynamical phenomena of neuroscientific interest ...
... We thus have both intracluster and intercluster probabilities, related to the subnetwork describing one cluster and the connections among clusters, respectively. Such a hierarchical network can be used for the numerical investigation of many collective dynamical phenomena of neuroscientific interest ...
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... were evoked at resting membrane potential. Thereafter B21 was progressively depolarized by current injection into the soma (trace not shown). In each case, 2 responses are shown at each membrane potential. When B21 was peripherally activated at resting potential, spikes did not actively propagate to ...
... were evoked at resting membrane potential. Thereafter B21 was progressively depolarized by current injection into the soma (trace not shown). In each case, 2 responses are shown at each membrane potential. When B21 was peripherally activated at resting potential, spikes did not actively propagate to ...
Development of Subcellular mRNA Compartmentation in
... of particular mRNAs into dendrites, which together create the capacity for local synthesis of particular proteins, play a key role in establishing the molecular domains that allow dendrites to function as they do. Given the fact that RNA sorting and transport mechanisms are such prominent features o ...
... of particular mRNAs into dendrites, which together create the capacity for local synthesis of particular proteins, play a key role in establishing the molecular domains that allow dendrites to function as they do. Given the fact that RNA sorting and transport mechanisms are such prominent features o ...
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... tissue sections. AP expression in cell bodies and processes usually allowed identification of most labeled cells as neurons or glia. Cortical cell types were frequently discernible in AP-stained sections according to standard morphological criteria (for review, see Peters and Jones, 1984). The pyram ...
... tissue sections. AP expression in cell bodies and processes usually allowed identification of most labeled cells as neurons or glia. Cortical cell types were frequently discernible in AP-stained sections according to standard morphological criteria (for review, see Peters and Jones, 1984). The pyram ...
Better than least squares: comparison of objective functions for
... relevant dimensions by maximizing mutual information [2]. We numerically test how these optimization schemes perform in the regime of low signal-to-noise ratio (small number of spikes and increasing neural noise) for model visual neurons. We find that optimization schemes based on either least squar ...
... relevant dimensions by maximizing mutual information [2]. We numerically test how these optimization schemes perform in the regime of low signal-to-noise ratio (small number of spikes and increasing neural noise) for model visual neurons. We find that optimization schemes based on either least squar ...
Orcokinin peptides in developing and adult crustacean
... was typically better than 0.01%. Because the signal intensity of MALDI spectra depends on the incorporation of the peptides into matrix crystals, it is difficult to relate peak height with the quantity of analyte present. Thus, MALDI is used primarily as a qualitative technique, and representative s ...
... was typically better than 0.01%. Because the signal intensity of MALDI spectra depends on the incorporation of the peptides into matrix crystals, it is difficult to relate peak height with the quantity of analyte present. Thus, MALDI is used primarily as a qualitative technique, and representative s ...
Anatomical organization of the central olfactory
... The puzzling transduction process, whereby the odorant signal transforms into an electric signal is one of the issues separating vertebrates and insects. In vertebrates, the chemosensory receptors belong to the G-protein-coupled family that generates action potentials via intracellular events (Buck ...
... The puzzling transduction process, whereby the odorant signal transforms into an electric signal is one of the issues separating vertebrates and insects. In vertebrates, the chemosensory receptors belong to the G-protein-coupled family that generates action potentials via intracellular events (Buck ...
Pyrokinin/PBAN-like peptides in the central nervous system of
... VNC which contains the SEG, thoracic ganglia, and abdominal ganglia.. All species of mosquitoes examined had a similar morphological architecture. Larval mosquitoes have eight abdominal ganglia whereas adults have six. The three thoracic ganglia are very close together but not completely fused toget ...
... VNC which contains the SEG, thoracic ganglia, and abdominal ganglia.. All species of mosquitoes examined had a similar morphological architecture. Larval mosquitoes have eight abdominal ganglia whereas adults have six. The three thoracic ganglia are very close together but not completely fused toget ...
hormonal control of cell form and number
... as a function of the chick’s age. Abbreviations in the figure are explained in Table I. Details of the care of chicks were given previously (Gurney and Konishi, 1980; Gurney, 1981). On the day of hatching, each chick was implanted with a steroid-containing pellet beneath the skin over its breast mus ...
... as a function of the chick’s age. Abbreviations in the figure are explained in Table I. Details of the care of chicks were given previously (Gurney and Konishi, 1980; Gurney, 1981). On the day of hatching, each chick was implanted with a steroid-containing pellet beneath the skin over its breast mus ...
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
... for the tetanus toxin is mionevralny synapse, where toxin acts on the motor fibers in the spinal cord and the medulla oblongata. In the CNS, the toxins (tetanus), viruses, antibodies to nerve tissue can spread from neuron to neuron in neural processes (with axo- flow) and interneuronal spaces. Secur ...
... for the tetanus toxin is mionevralny synapse, where toxin acts on the motor fibers in the spinal cord and the medulla oblongata. In the CNS, the toxins (tetanus), viruses, antibodies to nerve tissue can spread from neuron to neuron in neural processes (with axo- flow) and interneuronal spaces. Secur ...
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... Excitatory GABA currents are essential (necessary) for proper dendritic development ...
... Excitatory GABA currents are essential (necessary) for proper dendritic development ...
HTM Neuron paper 12-1
... It is a mystery how neurons integrate the input from so many synapses and what kind of large-scale network behavior this enables. It has been previously proposed that non-linear properties of dendrites enable neurons to recognize multiple patterns. In this paper we extend this idea by showing that a ...
... It is a mystery how neurons integrate the input from so many synapses and what kind of large-scale network behavior this enables. It has been previously proposed that non-linear properties of dendrites enable neurons to recognize multiple patterns. In this paper we extend this idea by showing that a ...
Effect of Adrenalectomy on Miniature Inhibitory Postsynaptic
... The setpoint of HPA activity is not only determined by the humoral feedback via corticosterone but also by neuronal signals integrated in the PVN. The PVN receives excitatory inputs from several brain areas, such as the amygdala (Feldman and Weidenfeld 1998), the dorsomedial hypothalamus (Morin et a ...
... The setpoint of HPA activity is not only determined by the humoral feedback via corticosterone but also by neuronal signals integrated in the PVN. The PVN receives excitatory inputs from several brain areas, such as the amygdala (Feldman and Weidenfeld 1998), the dorsomedial hypothalamus (Morin et a ...
Theroleofdendritesinauditory coincidence detection
... dendrites, and each dendrite receives inputs from only one ear7,8. Using a simple model that mimics the essence of the known electrophysiology and geometry of these cells, we show here that dendrites improve the coincidence-detection properties of the cells. The biophysical mechanism for this improv ...
... dendrites, and each dendrite receives inputs from only one ear7,8. Using a simple model that mimics the essence of the known electrophysiology and geometry of these cells, we show here that dendrites improve the coincidence-detection properties of the cells. The biophysical mechanism for this improv ...
cur op e-print version
... sucrose solution has a higher utility than a 0.1 molar solution to a hungry animal, a sated animal is likely to treat the two solutions with indifference, and an overfed animal will resist attempts to induce it to ingest either solution. Thus, the intensity of reinforcement is derived from a weighti ...
... sucrose solution has a higher utility than a 0.1 molar solution to a hungry animal, a sated animal is likely to treat the two solutions with indifference, and an overfed animal will resist attempts to induce it to ingest either solution. Thus, the intensity of reinforcement is derived from a weighti ...
Slide 1
... thirty different hormones to deal with stress, regulate salt intake, and provide a secondary source of sex hormones affecting the sexual changes that occur during adolescence ...
... thirty different hormones to deal with stress, regulate salt intake, and provide a secondary source of sex hormones affecting the sexual changes that occur during adolescence ...
Location and connectivity determine GABAergic interneuron survival in the brains... South Hampshire sheep with CLN6 neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis
... severely reduced in them, but the underlying mutation has yet to be determined. It is probably a novel non-coding mutation in a regulatory region, which may have human analogs (Tammen et al., 2006). To gain insights into the pathogenic mechanisms we have been studying progressive pathological change ...
... severely reduced in them, but the underlying mutation has yet to be determined. It is probably a novel non-coding mutation in a regulatory region, which may have human analogs (Tammen et al., 2006). To gain insights into the pathogenic mechanisms we have been studying progressive pathological change ...
Dendritic synapse location and neocortical spike-timing
... Dendritic geometry, ion channels, and receptor distributions interact to control the local voltage at a given synapse, which as we discuss below is a dominant factor in determining the magnitude of long-term synaptic modifications. As action potential backpropagation and postsynaptic processing of e ...
... Dendritic geometry, ion channels, and receptor distributions interact to control the local voltage at a given synapse, which as we discuss below is a dominant factor in determining the magnitude of long-term synaptic modifications. As action potential backpropagation and postsynaptic processing of e ...
with task performance neural responses and determining their
... method to parse the responses of individual neurons into weighted sums of intuitive components. Our method computes the weights by projecting a neuron’s responses onto a predefined orthonormal basis. Once determined, these weights can then be combined to quantify different types of signal modulation ...
... method to parse the responses of individual neurons into weighted sums of intuitive components. Our method computes the weights by projecting a neuron’s responses onto a predefined orthonormal basis. Once determined, these weights can then be combined to quantify different types of signal modulation ...
intraoperative motor evoked potential monitoring
... up alpha motor neuron excitability are applied immediately before the test stimulus, or a series of 2 Hz recurrent pulse-trains is applied [36–39, 61]. Generating a subliminal withdrawal reflex through high-frequency foot sole stimulation 50–100 ms before TES facilitates tibialis anterior responses ...
... up alpha motor neuron excitability are applied immediately before the test stimulus, or a series of 2 Hz recurrent pulse-trains is applied [36–39, 61]. Generating a subliminal withdrawal reflex through high-frequency foot sole stimulation 50–100 ms before TES facilitates tibialis anterior responses ...
Dynamic Stochastic Synapses as Computational Units
... an excitatory neuron to an inhibitory neuron, which sends feedback directly to the presynaptic terminals. They showed through computer simulations that tuning the relative contributions of excitatory and inhibitory mechanisms can selectively increase the network output cross-correlation for certain ...
... an excitatory neuron to an inhibitory neuron, which sends feedback directly to the presynaptic terminals. They showed through computer simulations that tuning the relative contributions of excitatory and inhibitory mechanisms can selectively increase the network output cross-correlation for certain ...
Distribution and characterisation of Glucagon-like peptide
... Here we detail the distribution of GLP-1R expressing cells throughout the mouse brain using a novel transgenic model, in which crerecombinase is expressed under the control of the Glp1r gene. We show that GLP-1R expression correlates well with that observed in the rat [14], non-human primates [15] a ...
... Here we detail the distribution of GLP-1R expressing cells throughout the mouse brain using a novel transgenic model, in which crerecombinase is expressed under the control of the Glp1r gene. We show that GLP-1R expression correlates well with that observed in the rat [14], non-human primates [15] a ...
The effect of learning on the face selective responses of neurons in
... which these neurons have selective responses is given by Baylis et al. 1985; and Rolls 1984, 1989a. The non-face stimuli from which the optimal was chosen included sine wave gratings, boundary curvature descriptors, complex 2D stimuli, and complex 3D junk objects, as described above.) If the neuron ...
... which these neurons have selective responses is given by Baylis et al. 1985; and Rolls 1984, 1989a. The non-face stimuli from which the optimal was chosen included sine wave gratings, boundary curvature descriptors, complex 2D stimuli, and complex 3D junk objects, as described above.) If the neuron ...
neuronal types and their specification dynamics in
... In the presence of an external or internal stressor, the sympathetic system generates the ”fight-or-flight” response, which prepares the body to either face the stressor or flee from it. Once the stressor is removed, the parasympathetic nervous system restores the homeostasis by bringing the body to ...
... In the presence of an external or internal stressor, the sympathetic system generates the ”fight-or-flight” response, which prepares the body to either face the stressor or flee from it. Once the stressor is removed, the parasympathetic nervous system restores the homeostasis by bringing the body to ...