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The verb krijgen `to get` as an undative verb
The verb krijgen `to get` as an undative verb

... like de storm ‘the tempest’: De storm brak het raam ‘The storm broke the window’. ...
Part-of-Speech Tagging Guidelines for the Penn Treebank Project
Part-of-Speech Tagging Guidelines for the Penn Treebank Project

... This category includes my (as in My, what a gorgeous day), oh, please, see (as in See, it's like this), ah, well and yes, among others. List item marker-LS This category includes letters and numerals when they are used to identify items in a list. M o d a l verb--MD This category includes all verbs ...
C H A P T E R I The ways in which new words are formed, and the
C H A P T E R I The ways in which new words are formed, and the

... emphasized the distinction between external linguistics – the study of the effects on a language of the history and culture of its speakers, and internal linguistics – the study of its system and rules. Language, studied synchronically, as a system of elements definable in relation to one another, m ...
yankton school district 63-3
yankton school district 63-3

... Goal Eleven: Students will indicate time in verb usage Supporting Knowledge Students will: 37. conjugate reflexive verbs in the present tense. 38. respond appropriately when asked questions containing these verbs. 39. use written communication with reflexive verbs. 40. learn all the Spanish speaking ...
Nominalization in Yami*
Nominalization in Yami*

... The results show that lexical nominalization in Yami can be divided into participant and action nominalizations. The process of participant nominalization resembles focus-marking morphological processes. Clausal nominalizations have no lexically derived noun. There is no clear division between indic ...
quirky subjects in old french
quirky subjects in old french

... control (i.e. being a controllee); (vi) conjunction reduction; (vii) Subject-to-subject raising (raising contexts); (viii) subject-to-object raising (Exceptional Case Marking configurations). I was able to find conclusive examples for (i)-(vii), but not for the remaining property. Before we proceed, ...
Lexicalized meaning and the internal temporal structure of events
Lexicalized meaning and the internal temporal structure of events

... sult of aspectual composition (Dowty 1979, Krifka 1992, 1998, Verkuyl 1989, among others). Thus, one dominant class of approaches assumes that the Vendler classes are classes of event-denoting predicates corresponding to the VP.1 But this returns us to the question of the relationship between the me ...
PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University
PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University

... The second problem involves the degree of adaptation. Words may be borrowed and then undergo various degrees of adaptation. We do not yet know what determines this process of integration, but it may be relevant to borrowability because the latter may change over time. There may be long­ term integra ...
On Representations in Morphology Case, Agreement and Inversion
On Representations in Morphology Case, Agreement and Inversion

... clause is properly called its subject. The syntactic evidence on this point is quite clear, however (cf. section 1.2 below), and confirms a decision to call 'subject' that NP which usually corresponds to the subject in a translation into English or other languages with familiar structure. With this ...
Reconstruction the Lexical Domain with a Single Generative
Reconstruction the Lexical Domain with a Single Generative

... that, for example, every noun will have all the case forms it needs to participate fully in the syntax and (b) inflection is typically syncretic such that a single form spreads to fill several cells in paradigm space, e.g., present tense “walk” fills all cells for person and number of subject except ...
湖南省第一师范学院外语系备课用纸
湖南省第一师范学院外语系备课用纸

... → He is thought to drive badly. If the predicator of the that-clause is the present progressive denoting a present happening, the infinitive in type II takes the progressive form, eg. It is believed that he is working hard. → He is believed to be working hard. c) When the predicator of the that-clau ...
Pronouns
Pronouns

... Mary’s legs will be sore tomorrow. (When will her legs be sore?) Mary’s family waited for her there. (Where did they wait?) She was very relieved to have a few days of rest. (To what extent?) ...
THE LANGUAGE OF SOLZENICYN`s "ODIN DEN
THE LANGUAGE OF SOLZENICYN`s "ODIN DEN

... masculine nouns. Another morphological anomaly found in SOllenicyn's ...
Polite Plurals and Adjective Agreement
Polite Plurals and Adjective Agreement

... the other hand, other languages studied by Comrie and Corbett showed uniform agreement with polite plurals, that is, plural on both verbs and predicate adjectives. Uniform agreement Slavonic languages included Serbian/Croatian, Slovene, and Russian (short form adjectives). As noted above, this sect ...
The structure of the do/make construction in
The structure of the do/make construction in

... This paper analyzes a structure found in Chichewa for adapting English verbs. This structure, in which an English verb or adjectival predicate complements a Chichewa light verb meaning ‘do’ or ‘make’, appears to be employed during code-switching. Code-Switching (CS) is found quite frequently among p ...
HOW CAN A VERB AGREE WITH A VERB? REANALYSIS AND
HOW CAN A VERB AGREE WITH A VERB? REANALYSIS AND

... have.PRES much that must.PRES remember.INF.PASS to do.INF '(I) have many things that I have to remember doing.' [from the www] Central types of reanalysis verbs are aspectual verbs (e.g. fortsette 'continue'), irrealis verbs (e.g. forsøke 'try') and strong implicative verbs (e.g. glemme 'forget'). R ...
ppt
ppt

... refer to words for people and things that can be counted. Use “a” or “an” before a singularcount noun when it refers to something in general. Use “the” when referring to something specifically. • Noncount nouns name things that can’t be counted and take no article or “the.” See pages 708-709 for mor ...
fulltext - LOT Publications
fulltext - LOT Publications

... Non-countable mass nouns ................................................. 169 ...
Active/agentive Case Marking and Its Motivations
Active/agentive Case Marking and Its Motivations

... 1. INTRODUCTION.It has been known for some time that languages can differ substantially in their marking of case. For centuries, descriptions have been available of languages whose core (direct) case categories differ fundamentally from the subjects and direct objects of more familiar European langu ...
6 Denotation in Murriny Patha Morphosyntax
6 Denotation in Murriny Patha Morphosyntax

... semantically based. For a general discussion of the semantic basis of the classification system see Walsh (1997). On the other hand, adjectives, demonstratives and numerals may occur in any nominal class. Even in the absence of an overt noun, their assignment to a nominal class is on the basis of th ...
Indo-Aryan: From the Vedas to Modern Times
Indo-Aryan: From the Vedas to Modern Times

... In Neo-indian, 258: present participle, 259; in apposition, 261 ; participle and adj ective 262; participle with verbal function: of the present, the future, 263; of the past, the conditional (hypotheti­ cal), 264; participle in the oblique case, 266; accompanied by the verb "to be", 267. Past parti ...
The Ancient Languages of Syria
The Ancient Languages of Syria

... Kannada and Old Telegu from the end of the century. Moreover, the dating of these languages to the sixth century cannot be made precisely (not to suggest this is an especially unusual state of affairs) and it is equally possible that the earliest attestation of all three should be dated to the seven ...
Absolute Phrase - jeffrey scott longstaff
Absolute Phrase - jeffrey scott longstaff

... Many absolute phrases can be easily recognized because they could be changed into an independent clause by adding one verb (for example: “is”, “was”, or “were”). In a few other cases, when the word “being” is used in the absolute phrase, it can be changed into another form of “to be” (such as “is”, ...
Beginnings in North Sámi* Marit Julien 1 Introduction Verbs that
Beginnings in North Sámi* Marit Julien 1 Introduction Verbs that

... Emonds (1976) and Freed (1979). More recently, they have been addressed e.g. by Cinque (2006) and Fukuda (2008). In this paper, I present three different inceptives in North Sámi. The aim of the presentation is first and foremost to show how much expressions of inceptive aspect can vary within one s ...
TAGARAB: A Fast, Accurate Arabic Name Recognizer Using High
TAGARAB: A Fast, Accurate Arabic Name Recognizer Using High

... form would be the one selected. This makes sense in the case of such a highly deterministic morphology and also given our time and resource constraints. We wanted to ensure that we got the right readings for a large number of highly frequent items, as this would be the most useful way to constrain t ...
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Old Norse morphology

Old Norse has three categories of verb (strong, weak, & present-preterite) and two categories of noun (strong, weak). Conjugation and declension are carried out by a mix of inflection and two nonconcatenative morphological processes: umlaut, a backness-based alteration to the root vowel; and ablaut, a replacement of the root vowel, in verbs.Nouns, adjectives and pronouns are declined in four grammatical cases – nominative, accusative, genitive and dative, in singular and plural. Some pronouns (first and second person) have dual number in addition to singular and plural. The nouns have three grammatical genders – masculine, feminine or neuter - and adjectives and pronouns are declined to match the gender of nouns. The genitive is used partitively, and quite often in compounds and kennings (e.g.: Urðarbrunnr, the well of Urðr; Lokasenna, the gibing of Loki). Most declensions (of nouns and pronouns) use -a as a regular genitive plural ending, and all declensions use -um as their dative plural ending.All neuter words have identical nominative and accusative forms, and all feminine words have identical nominative and accusative plurals.The gender of some words' plurals does not agree with that of their singulars, such as lim and mund.
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