Neuronal Clusters in the Primate Motor Cortex during Interception of
... activation that began earlier than the other clusters (Figure 5, top). Activity of these two clusters diverged, however, near the movement onset. While activity of Cluster 4 began to decline near the movement onset, activity of Cluster 1 continued throughout the movement, decreasing with a time cour ...
... activation that began earlier than the other clusters (Figure 5, top). Activity of these two clusters diverged, however, near the movement onset. While activity of Cluster 4 began to decline near the movement onset, activity of Cluster 1 continued throughout the movement, decreasing with a time cour ...
Orexinergic Input to Dopaminergic Neurons of the Human Ventral
... profoundly influenced by an orexinergic input from the lateral hypothalamus to the VTA. Because the existence and significance of an analogous orexigenic regulatory mechanism acting in the human VTA have been elusive, here we addressed the possibility that orexinergic neurons provide direct input to ...
... profoundly influenced by an orexinergic input from the lateral hypothalamus to the VTA. Because the existence and significance of an analogous orexigenic regulatory mechanism acting in the human VTA have been elusive, here we addressed the possibility that orexinergic neurons provide direct input to ...
Drug-drug interactions in inpatient and outpatient settings in Iran: a
... functions of general anesthetics has been recently discovered. The amnesic effect of general anesthetics is closely related with the hippocampus. Sedation is related to the neocortex and thalamus, and hypothalamus is presumably the hypnotic action part [2]. Each of these behavioral responses is medi ...
... functions of general anesthetics has been recently discovered. The amnesic effect of general anesthetics is closely related with the hippocampus. Sedation is related to the neocortex and thalamus, and hypothalamus is presumably the hypnotic action part [2]. Each of these behavioral responses is medi ...
Slide 1
... • In this study, attention appears to exert its primary effects downstream from MT, consistent with "late selection" models of visual attention • In the paradigm of Treue and Maunsell attention exerts pronounced effects at, or before, the level of MT ...
... • In this study, attention appears to exert its primary effects downstream from MT, consistent with "late selection" models of visual attention • In the paradigm of Treue and Maunsell attention exerts pronounced effects at, or before, the level of MT ...
Neural mechanisms underlying the evolvability of behaviour
... functions of homologous brain regions across species within a taxon. For example, work on rodent hippocampus informs our understanding of primate hippocampus. Clearly, the shapes and relative sizes of neural structures vary [14,15]; yet, all Gnathostomata (Vertebrata) have forebrain, midbrain and hi ...
... functions of homologous brain regions across species within a taxon. For example, work on rodent hippocampus informs our understanding of primate hippocampus. Clearly, the shapes and relative sizes of neural structures vary [14,15]; yet, all Gnathostomata (Vertebrata) have forebrain, midbrain and hi ...
- Warwick WRAP
... neurons is the key constraint on brain size. The dramatic increase in brain size among mammals and birds cannot be understood without solving this conundrum: larger brains, with more neurons, consume more energy. Results: Here we examined the intrinsic relationships between metabolism, body-brain si ...
... neurons is the key constraint on brain size. The dramatic increase in brain size among mammals and birds cannot be understood without solving this conundrum: larger brains, with more neurons, consume more energy. Results: Here we examined the intrinsic relationships between metabolism, body-brain si ...
Data Supplement
... stimulation with LM22A-4 did not significantly alter the total number of BrdU+/PECAM+ double-positive cells in affected (dorsolateral) or unaffected (ventral) regions of the striatum, or in penumbral cortex at ten weeks after stroke. n = 10 per group (C) Representative photomicrographs of PECAM immu ...
... stimulation with LM22A-4 did not significantly alter the total number of BrdU+/PECAM+ double-positive cells in affected (dorsolateral) or unaffected (ventral) regions of the striatum, or in penumbral cortex at ten weeks after stroke. n = 10 per group (C) Representative photomicrographs of PECAM immu ...
Linking Cognitive Neuroscience and Molecular Genetics: New Perspectives from Williams... Ursula Bellugi and Marie St. George (Eds.)
... neural systems are located in the brain and what types of mental activity activates or suppress these neural systems. This information, together with older information from the study of patients with neurological damage, have shown, for example, that the frontal lobes are involved in many aspects of ...
... neural systems are located in the brain and what types of mental activity activates or suppress these neural systems. This information, together with older information from the study of patients with neurological damage, have shown, for example, that the frontal lobes are involved in many aspects of ...
Neural Compensations After Lesion of the Cerebral Cortex
... (for a historical review see Benton & Tranel, 2000). With the recognition that some form of functional compensation is possible after cerebral injury, we are left with two fundamental questions. First, what are the neural mechanisms underlying the observed compensatory changes? Second, is it possibl ...
... (for a historical review see Benton & Tranel, 2000). With the recognition that some form of functional compensation is possible after cerebral injury, we are left with two fundamental questions. First, what are the neural mechanisms underlying the observed compensatory changes? Second, is it possibl ...
The Teen Brain on Marijuana
... Also, because it helps to control neuron activity, it plays a major role in brain wiring – that is, how brain cells “learn” whether to grow new synapses and connections to other neurons. The more active neurons are, the stronger their connections get (neurons that fire together, wire together). The ...
... Also, because it helps to control neuron activity, it plays a major role in brain wiring – that is, how brain cells “learn” whether to grow new synapses and connections to other neurons. The more active neurons are, the stronger their connections get (neurons that fire together, wire together). The ...
R eelin is expressed in the accessory olfactory system, but is not a
... projections are indistinguishable from the wild-type animals (Fig. 2A,C,E,G versus B,D,F,H). The pathfinding, axonal fasciculation, and axonal convergence of the VN12 neurons appear to be normal in the reeler mice. Reln mRNA is expressed at varying levels in the mouse olfactory system. Our findings, ...
... projections are indistinguishable from the wild-type animals (Fig. 2A,C,E,G versus B,D,F,H). The pathfinding, axonal fasciculation, and axonal convergence of the VN12 neurons appear to be normal in the reeler mice. Reln mRNA is expressed at varying levels in the mouse olfactory system. Our findings, ...
from ups
... stimulation was applied in the supragranular layer of area 17. ŽA. Response of the cell to an intracellular current injection. ŽB. activation of the cell after extracellular electrical stimulation in area 17. Two sweeps are shown. One shows the initial segment spike in isolation. The other shows the ...
... stimulation was applied in the supragranular layer of area 17. ŽA. Response of the cell to an intracellular current injection. ŽB. activation of the cell after extracellular electrical stimulation in area 17. Two sweeps are shown. One shows the initial segment spike in isolation. The other shows the ...
Wired for reproduction: Organization and Development of Sexually
... testosterone results in permanent anovulatory sterility. Evidence from a variety of experimental approaches indicates that sex steroids act at the level of the preoptic region during postnatal life to organize the neural pathways controlling preovulatory gonadotropin secretion. The AVPV is a likely ...
... testosterone results in permanent anovulatory sterility. Evidence from a variety of experimental approaches indicates that sex steroids act at the level of the preoptic region during postnatal life to organize the neural pathways controlling preovulatory gonadotropin secretion. The AVPV is a likely ...
A simulation of parahippocampal and hippocampal structures guiding spatial navigation of
... both spatial navigation tasks (Hagan et al., 1992) and matching tasks (Otto and Eichenbaum, 1992; Tang et al., 1997). Physiological data shows the patterns of activity in parahippocampal regions during performance of these tasks (Young et al., 1997; Suzuki et al., 1997; Frank et al., 2000) and also ...
... both spatial navigation tasks (Hagan et al., 1992) and matching tasks (Otto and Eichenbaum, 1992; Tang et al., 1997). Physiological data shows the patterns of activity in parahippocampal regions during performance of these tasks (Young et al., 1997; Suzuki et al., 1997; Frank et al., 2000) and also ...
The Control of Rate and Timing of Spikes in the Deep Cerebellar
... recorded neurons could be recovered after standard histological procedures. The length of the somata ranged from 20 to 34 m (26.1 ⫾ 5.1m, mean ⫾ SD), and their width ranged from 12 to 23 m (16.3 ⫾ 3.1 m, mean ⫾ SD). GABAergic DC N neurons in rats have soma sizes between 5 and 22 m (mean, 10 m) ...
... recorded neurons could be recovered after standard histological procedures. The length of the somata ranged from 20 to 34 m (26.1 ⫾ 5.1m, mean ⫾ SD), and their width ranged from 12 to 23 m (16.3 ⫾ 3.1 m, mean ⫾ SD). GABAergic DC N neurons in rats have soma sizes between 5 and 22 m (mean, 10 m) ...
Evidence for time division multiplexing of multiple simultaneous
... reaching an apex (or nadir) at 90 degrees contralateral (or ipsilateral) along the axis of the ears, ...
... reaching an apex (or nadir) at 90 degrees contralateral (or ipsilateral) along the axis of the ears, ...
Sound processing by local neural populations in the
... Lopez, 2003), thirteen in cat (Lee and Winer, 2005), and twelve in monkey (Hackett et al., 1998). The AC of the mouse, the animal model used in my research, has been described as having 5 sub-regions (Stiebler et al., 1997). The primary auditory field (A1) is the largest field, and is tonotopically ...
... Lopez, 2003), thirteen in cat (Lee and Winer, 2005), and twelve in monkey (Hackett et al., 1998). The AC of the mouse, the animal model used in my research, has been described as having 5 sub-regions (Stiebler et al., 1997). The primary auditory field (A1) is the largest field, and is tonotopically ...
NEUROTRANSMITTERS II.
... (PROLACTIN-INHIBITING HORMONE) GROWTH HORMONE-RELEASING HORMONE SOMATOSTATIN (GROWTH HORMONE-INHIBITING HORMONE) ...
... (PROLACTIN-INHIBITING HORMONE) GROWTH HORMONE-RELEASING HORMONE SOMATOSTATIN (GROWTH HORMONE-INHIBITING HORMONE) ...
The Basal Ganglia Anatomy, Physiology, etc. Overview
... Majority of the output projects back to STN In addition, there is a monosynaptic GABAergic inhibitory output from GPe directly to GPi and to SNpr and a GABAergic projection back to striatum. GPe neurons are in a position to provide feedback inhibition to neurons in striatum and STN and feed‐ forwar ...
... Majority of the output projects back to STN In addition, there is a monosynaptic GABAergic inhibitory output from GPe directly to GPi and to SNpr and a GABAergic projection back to striatum. GPe neurons are in a position to provide feedback inhibition to neurons in striatum and STN and feed‐ forwar ...
Document
... CHAPTER OVERVIEW: This chapter provides an overview of the embryological development of the nervous system and detailed descriptions of the structure and function of the adult brain and spinal cord. Brain functions that are identified with a particular region of the brain are emphasized. Distinction ...
... CHAPTER OVERVIEW: This chapter provides an overview of the embryological development of the nervous system and detailed descriptions of the structure and function of the adult brain and spinal cord. Brain functions that are identified with a particular region of the brain are emphasized. Distinction ...
The Neurobiology of Opioid Dependence
... activities occur and opioids are not present. Similarly, a change in set point occurs in the LC, but in the oppo site direction, such that NA release is increased dur ing withdrawal, as described above. Under this model, both the positive (drug liking) and negative (drug with drawal) aspects of d ...
... activities occur and opioids are not present. Similarly, a change in set point occurs in the LC, but in the oppo site direction, such that NA release is increased dur ing withdrawal, as described above. Under this model, both the positive (drug liking) and negative (drug with drawal) aspects of d ...
No Slide Title
... explain how they relate to autonomic effects. – Explain how the ANS controls many target organs through dual innervation. – Explain how control is exerted in the absence of dual innervation. ...
... explain how they relate to autonomic effects. – Explain how the ANS controls many target organs through dual innervation. – Explain how control is exerted in the absence of dual innervation. ...
Reflex arcs PowerPoint
... Stimulation of the Reflex Response The speed of the reflex response can be increase by several factors: Exposure to adrenaline (Sympathetic Nervous System) Exposure to stimulant drugs (Caffeine, Beta Amphetamines/Speed) ...
... Stimulation of the Reflex Response The speed of the reflex response can be increase by several factors: Exposure to adrenaline (Sympathetic Nervous System) Exposure to stimulant drugs (Caffeine, Beta Amphetamines/Speed) ...