Lateral olfactory processing
... connect different olfactory bulb projection neurons in sub-glomerular layers. The overall effect of either of these circuits could be similar to that described by Olsen & Wilson. Despite these broad similarities, the mammalian system appears more complex than its Drosophila counterpart, not only in ...
... connect different olfactory bulb projection neurons in sub-glomerular layers. The overall effect of either of these circuits could be similar to that described by Olsen & Wilson. Despite these broad similarities, the mammalian system appears more complex than its Drosophila counterpart, not only in ...
Chapter 33 Nervous System
... information from external sensory receptors to the central nervous system, and motor nerves relay information from the central nervous system to skeletal muscles. Voluntary movements and reflexes are a part of the somatic nervous system. ...
... information from external sensory receptors to the central nervous system, and motor nerves relay information from the central nervous system to skeletal muscles. Voluntary movements and reflexes are a part of the somatic nervous system. ...
Observational Versus Trial and Error Effects in a - FORTH-ICS
... The concept of affordances has considerable value in the study of interactions with objects. Gibson’s original definintion of affordances was ”What [the environment] offers the animal, what it provides or furnishes, either for good or ill.” [2] For the purposes of this study, we will define an affordance ...
... The concept of affordances has considerable value in the study of interactions with objects. Gibson’s original definintion of affordances was ”What [the environment] offers the animal, what it provides or furnishes, either for good or ill.” [2] For the purposes of this study, we will define an affordance ...
The effect of fasting on the ultrastructure of the hypothalamic arcuate
... 4A, C, 5A, 6A) among other ultrastructural changes. They were formed by two cisternae of the RER attached closely to each other. Their outer membranes were irregularly studded with ribosomes. The narrow cleft between two adjacent membranes was often filled with moderately dense material. In the cont ...
... 4A, C, 5A, 6A) among other ultrastructural changes. They were formed by two cisternae of the RER attached closely to each other. Their outer membranes were irregularly studded with ribosomes. The narrow cleft between two adjacent membranes was often filled with moderately dense material. In the cont ...
Grade 7 ELA Module 4A, Unit 1, Lesson 2
... • First, students begin working with the Thinking Log, which is used throughout Units 1 and 2 as a way to track and reflect on their understanding of the development of the adolescent brain. The Thinking Log serves as a scaffold to SL 7.2—how new information has helped them clarify the issues. See U ...
... • First, students begin working with the Thinking Log, which is used throughout Units 1 and 2 as a way to track and reflect on their understanding of the development of the adolescent brain. The Thinking Log serves as a scaffold to SL 7.2—how new information has helped them clarify the issues. See U ...
Monitoring cell-cell contacts in vivo in transgenic animals
... (Jagadish et al., 2014). Conversely, in its current implementation, TANGO-TRACE cannot be used to monitor cell-cell interactions based on physical contact. This feature would be advantageous to investigate cell-cell interactions that do not depend on the release of molecules, for example, during dev ...
... (Jagadish et al., 2014). Conversely, in its current implementation, TANGO-TRACE cannot be used to monitor cell-cell interactions based on physical contact. This feature would be advantageous to investigate cell-cell interactions that do not depend on the release of molecules, for example, during dev ...
Grade 7 ELA Module 4A, Unit 1, Lesson 2
... • First, students begin working with the Thinking Log, which is used throughout Units 1 and 2 as a way to track and reflect on their understanding of the development of the adolescent brain. The Thinking Log serves as a scaffold to SL 7.2—how new information has helped them clarify the issues. See U ...
... • First, students begin working with the Thinking Log, which is used throughout Units 1 and 2 as a way to track and reflect on their understanding of the development of the adolescent brain. The Thinking Log serves as a scaffold to SL 7.2—how new information has helped them clarify the issues. See U ...
Toward a Unified Theory of Visual Area V4
... There have long been suggestions that V4 contains functional compartments. The original evidence for this idea comes from anatomical studies in which retrograde tracer injections in V4 labeled either predominantly thin stripes (associated with color) or pale stripes (associated with form) in area V2 ...
... There have long been suggestions that V4 contains functional compartments. The original evidence for this idea comes from anatomical studies in which retrograde tracer injections in V4 labeled either predominantly thin stripes (associated with color) or pale stripes (associated with form) in area V2 ...
THE AREA POSTREMA: A POTENTIAL SITE FOR CIRCADIAN REGULATION BY
... Three independent groups reported the molecular identification of two G proteincoupled receptors, PKR1 and PKR2, that share 87% sequence homology and bind prokineticins non-selectively with high affinity, and although PKR1 and PKR2 share a high degree of sequence conservation, their genes are prese ...
... Three independent groups reported the molecular identification of two G proteincoupled receptors, PKR1 and PKR2, that share 87% sequence homology and bind prokineticins non-selectively with high affinity, and although PKR1 and PKR2 share a high degree of sequence conservation, their genes are prese ...
Millisecond Timescale Synchrony among Hippocampal Neurons
... and millisecond synchronous connections (red) in a recording session with an 8 shank ⫻ 8 electrode (inset; ⬃20 m between electrodes, and 200 m between shanks; x-axis, shank number) in CA3 and 4 shank ⫻ 8 electrodes in CA1. Only connected cells are shown, and distances between cells are not to scal ...
... and millisecond synchronous connections (red) in a recording session with an 8 shank ⫻ 8 electrode (inset; ⬃20 m between electrodes, and 200 m between shanks; x-axis, shank number) in CA3 and 4 shank ⫻ 8 electrodes in CA1. Only connected cells are shown, and distances between cells are not to scal ...
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... nucleus basalis, paired with an auditory stimulus, results in a massive progressive reorganization of the primary auditory cortex in the adult rat. Receptive field sizes can be narrowed, broadened, or left unaltered depending on specific parameters of the acoustic stimulus paired with nucleus basali ...
... nucleus basalis, paired with an auditory stimulus, results in a massive progressive reorganization of the primary auditory cortex in the adult rat. Receptive field sizes can be narrowed, broadened, or left unaltered depending on specific parameters of the acoustic stimulus paired with nucleus basali ...
Role of neurons and glia in the CNS actions of the renin
... Importantly these highly specific and sensitive in situ hybridization and genetic techniques for the localization of ANG II receptors have not yet been extended to models of cardiovascular pathophysiology, in which it is possible that AT1R and/or AT2R may become expressed on the non-neuronal cell ty ...
... Importantly these highly specific and sensitive in situ hybridization and genetic techniques for the localization of ANG II receptors have not yet been extended to models of cardiovascular pathophysiology, in which it is possible that AT1R and/or AT2R may become expressed on the non-neuronal cell ty ...
the primate amygdala and reinforcement: a
... responses of amygdaloid neurons depend on the reinforcing value of visual stimuli, Sanghera et al. (1979) found neurons in the dorsolateral amygdala that responded primarily to foods and to the reward-associated visual stimulus in a visual discrimination task, responses that could reflect learned as ...
... responses of amygdaloid neurons depend on the reinforcing value of visual stimuli, Sanghera et al. (1979) found neurons in the dorsolateral amygdala that responded primarily to foods and to the reward-associated visual stimulus in a visual discrimination task, responses that could reflect learned as ...
Synaptic Pruning in Development: A Novel Account in Neural Terms
... cerebellum [J.Takacs and Hamori, 1994], projection bers between hemispheres [Innocenti, 1995] and the dentate gyrus [Eckenho and Rakic, 1991]. The time scale of synaptic elimination was found to vary between di erent cortical areas, coarsely following a dorsal to frontal order [Rakic et al., 1994] ...
... cerebellum [J.Takacs and Hamori, 1994], projection bers between hemispheres [Innocenti, 1995] and the dentate gyrus [Eckenho and Rakic, 1991]. The time scale of synaptic elimination was found to vary between di erent cortical areas, coarsely following a dorsal to frontal order [Rakic et al., 1994] ...
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... Abstract: A wealth of research focuses on the decision-making processes that animals and humans employ when selecting actions in the face of reward and punishment. Initially such work stemmed from psychological investigations of conditioned behavior, and explanations of these in terms of computation ...
... Abstract: A wealth of research focuses on the decision-making processes that animals and humans employ when selecting actions in the face of reward and punishment. Initially such work stemmed from psychological investigations of conditioned behavior, and explanations of these in terms of computation ...
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... The amount of current that flows between two areas depends 1.The difference in potential between the areas. The greater the difference in potential, the greater the current flow. 2.The strength of stimuli: the stronger the strength, the greater the current flow. 3.Local potential: Local potential p ...
... The amount of current that flows between two areas depends 1.The difference in potential between the areas. The greater the difference in potential, the greater the current flow. 2.The strength of stimuli: the stronger the strength, the greater the current flow. 3.Local potential: Local potential p ...
The habenular nuclei - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal
... The LHb is a point of convergence for neural information from the basal ganglia and limbic forebrain. A major source of innervation of the LHb in the rat derives from the entopeduncular nucleus (EP, which is the non-primate equivalent of the internal segment of the globus pallidus). In the rat, virt ...
... The LHb is a point of convergence for neural information from the basal ganglia and limbic forebrain. A major source of innervation of the LHb in the rat derives from the entopeduncular nucleus (EP, which is the non-primate equivalent of the internal segment of the globus pallidus). In the rat, virt ...
Quantum Models of Consciousness
... QFT vacuum states are the lowest level of energy in which, by definition, no particle is present. The stability of vacuum states make them ideal as a unit of memory. Umezawa and Ricciardi underline that one of the properties of vacuum states is that of developing correlations and order which can ext ...
... QFT vacuum states are the lowest level of energy in which, by definition, no particle is present. The stability of vacuum states make them ideal as a unit of memory. Umezawa and Ricciardi underline that one of the properties of vacuum states is that of developing correlations and order which can ext ...
Increased responses in trigeminocervical nociceptive neurons to cervical input after
... and then every 20 min. Electrical GON stimulation consisted of trains of 20 stimuli (0.5±1 Hz) starting at least 30 min prior to any conditioning stimulus. Responses to electrical stimulation were analysed using post-stimulus histograms separated for A-®bre and, if present, C-®bre responses. To comp ...
... and then every 20 min. Electrical GON stimulation consisted of trains of 20 stimuli (0.5±1 Hz) starting at least 30 min prior to any conditioning stimulus. Responses to electrical stimulation were analysed using post-stimulus histograms separated for A-®bre and, if present, C-®bre responses. To comp ...
Sodium channel expression in the ventral posterolateral nucleus of
... components of pain. This could be related to the relatively few number of projections from the lumbar spinal cord, or low levels of Nav1.3 transcript upregulation after CCI. We have previously demonstrated that Nav1.3 contributes directly to hyperresponsiveness of second-order dorsal horn neurons af ...
... components of pain. This could be related to the relatively few number of projections from the lumbar spinal cord, or low levels of Nav1.3 transcript upregulation after CCI. We have previously demonstrated that Nav1.3 contributes directly to hyperresponsiveness of second-order dorsal horn neurons af ...
A Hebbian learning rule gives rise to mirror neurons and links them
... depends on heterosynaptic competition between sensory afferents innervating the same motor neuron. We argue that from a synaptic perspective, this rule is considerably simpler and more plausible than previously proposed rules and computational approaches toward systems-level inverse models based on ...
... depends on heterosynaptic competition between sensory afferents innervating the same motor neuron. We argue that from a synaptic perspective, this rule is considerably simpler and more plausible than previously proposed rules and computational approaches toward systems-level inverse models based on ...