Diverse functions of perineuronal nets
... degrades PNs and therefore reduces inhibitory CS proteoglycans features, was used in different experimental models (Crespo et al. 2007, Kwok et al. 2008). Studies by Pizzorusso and colleagues (2002) demonstrate that treating the mature rat visual cortex with ChABC restores ocular dominance plasticit ...
... degrades PNs and therefore reduces inhibitory CS proteoglycans features, was used in different experimental models (Crespo et al. 2007, Kwok et al. 2008). Studies by Pizzorusso and colleagues (2002) demonstrate that treating the mature rat visual cortex with ChABC restores ocular dominance plasticit ...
pain_etiology32
... Adapted with permission from Cooper BY, et al. Pain. 1986;24:103 and from Lee KH, et al. In: Fields HL, Dubner R, Cervero F, eds. Proceedings of the Fourth World Congress on Pain. New York, NY: Raven Press; ...
... Adapted with permission from Cooper BY, et al. Pain. 1986;24:103 and from Lee KH, et al. In: Fields HL, Dubner R, Cervero F, eds. Proceedings of the Fourth World Congress on Pain. New York, NY: Raven Press; ...
The Automated Mapping of Plans for Plan Recognition* Artificial
... a simple sequence of primitive actions. This KA says that in order to achieve the goal of accomplishing a "bound" goal, the operations of moving to the next location (the via point) and finding a place of con cealment must be accomplished. Knowing this, if an observer were to see an agent moving to ...
... a simple sequence of primitive actions. This KA says that in order to achieve the goal of accomplishing a "bound" goal, the operations of moving to the next location (the via point) and finding a place of con cealment must be accomplished. Knowing this, if an observer were to see an agent moving to ...
Spinal Cord - eCurriculum
... 1. Dorsal horn (sensory): consists of mainly interneurons (whose processes remain within the spinal cord) and projection neurons (whose axons collect into long ascending sensory pathways). 2. Ventral horn (motor): contains cell bodies of large motor neurons that supply skeletal muscle. These occur i ...
... 1. Dorsal horn (sensory): consists of mainly interneurons (whose processes remain within the spinal cord) and projection neurons (whose axons collect into long ascending sensory pathways). 2. Ventral horn (motor): contains cell bodies of large motor neurons that supply skeletal muscle. These occur i ...
High-Level Visual Processing: Cognitive Influences
... Object recognition is intimately intertwined with visual categorization, visual memory, and emotion (see Figure 27–2), and the outputs of the inferior temporal cortex contribute to these functions. Among the principal projections are those to the perirhinal and parahippocampal cortices, which lie me ...
... Object recognition is intimately intertwined with visual categorization, visual memory, and emotion (see Figure 27–2), and the outputs of the inferior temporal cortex contribute to these functions. Among the principal projections are those to the perirhinal and parahippocampal cortices, which lie me ...
HCI1 - Brian Whitworth
... • Active systems alter their own input: – From the retina, signals go to the lateral geniculate body (LGB), which is largely a relay station, and thence to the visual cortex. – But the neural projections from the visual cortex to the LGB are at least as many as from the LGB to the cortex ...
... • Active systems alter their own input: – From the retina, signals go to the lateral geniculate body (LGB), which is largely a relay station, and thence to the visual cortex. – But the neural projections from the visual cortex to the LGB are at least as many as from the LGB to the cortex ...
Neuronal Processing of Chemical Information in Crustaceans Chapter 7
... in having spontaneous activity, inhibitory responses, and autonomous bursting, but both types of receptor neurons mainly respond to small water-soluble molecules such as amino acids. The dichotomy in sensilla structure is reflected in the organization of the associated CNS pathways. Olfactory recept ...
... in having spontaneous activity, inhibitory responses, and autonomous bursting, but both types of receptor neurons mainly respond to small water-soluble molecules such as amino acids. The dichotomy in sensilla structure is reflected in the organization of the associated CNS pathways. Olfactory recept ...
J Comp Neurol 2000 Lavenex - University of California, Berkeley
... nests in which to lay their eggs during the breeding season. Males do not express such behavior and, as predicted, the relative size of the hippocampus is greater in females than males (Sherry et al., 1993). A similar study in shiny cowbirds (M. bonariensis) reported that these sex differences vary ...
... nests in which to lay their eggs during the breeding season. Males do not express such behavior and, as predicted, the relative size of the hippocampus is greater in females than males (Sherry et al., 1993). A similar study in shiny cowbirds (M. bonariensis) reported that these sex differences vary ...
A Neural Network Based Navigation for Intelligent Autonomous
... appropriate tool for investigating optional artificial intelligence problems relating to world understanding and taking a suitable action, such as , planning missions, avoiding obstacles, and fusing data from many sources [6,7,8]. Path planning plays an important role in various fields of applicatio ...
... appropriate tool for investigating optional artificial intelligence problems relating to world understanding and taking a suitable action, such as , planning missions, avoiding obstacles, and fusing data from many sources [6,7,8]. Path planning plays an important role in various fields of applicatio ...
Multiple hypothalamic circuits sense and regulate glucose levels
... were found to show specialized excitatory or inhibitory firing responses to extracellular glucose, revealing a strategy for how the brain can directly monitor body energy status (3, 69, 70). Glucose sensing in these glucose-excited and glucose-inhibited neurons was not a general energy-related respo ...
... were found to show specialized excitatory or inhibitory firing responses to extracellular glucose, revealing a strategy for how the brain can directly monitor body energy status (3, 69, 70). Glucose sensing in these glucose-excited and glucose-inhibited neurons was not a general energy-related respo ...
A Brief History of the Reticular Formation
... By 1950 researchers were localizing various ascending effects by lesioning different regions of the reticular formation (see Lindsley, Schreiner, Knowles, and Magoun, 1950). The conclusion reached by all of these studies was that the ascending reticular formation signals kept the animal alert and aw ...
... By 1950 researchers were localizing various ascending effects by lesioning different regions of the reticular formation (see Lindsley, Schreiner, Knowles, and Magoun, 1950). The conclusion reached by all of these studies was that the ascending reticular formation signals kept the animal alert and aw ...
Controlling gene expression with the Q repressible binary
... VA neurons (Fig. 2a). To achieve specific expression in VA neurons, we created transgenic strains that express simultaneously unc-4
... VA neurons (Fig. 2a). To achieve specific expression in VA neurons, we created transgenic strains that express simultaneously unc-4
Chapter 36 Locomotion
... movements, important insights have also come from studies of other animals as well as rhythmic behaviors other than locomotion. Therefore, we shall also consider the more general question of how rhythmic motor activity can be generated and sustained by networks of neurons. Several critical insights ...
... movements, important insights have also come from studies of other animals as well as rhythmic behaviors other than locomotion. Therefore, we shall also consider the more general question of how rhythmic motor activity can be generated and sustained by networks of neurons. Several critical insights ...
ppt - IISER Pune
... parts of nervous system RA gradient generated by mesoderm adjacent to neural ...
... parts of nervous system RA gradient generated by mesoderm adjacent to neural ...
Hypothalamic Regulation of Sleep
... basal forebrain (BF) (Peyron et al. 1998). Because of these projections to neuronal populations implicated in wakefulness, it is believed that orexin promotes wakefulness (Peyron et al. 1998). Our group recently began to map the distribution of the hypocretin receptor protein in the dorsolateral pon ...
... basal forebrain (BF) (Peyron et al. 1998). Because of these projections to neuronal populations implicated in wakefulness, it is believed that orexin promotes wakefulness (Peyron et al. 1998). Our group recently began to map the distribution of the hypocretin receptor protein in the dorsolateral pon ...
Mechanisms of Maximum Information Preservation in the Drosophila
... Therefore, we quantitatively investigated the efficiency of this firing rate transformation from the viewpoint of information preservation by computing the mutual information between odor stimuli and PN responses in our network model. In the Drosophila olfactory system, all ORNs and PNs are divided ...
... Therefore, we quantitatively investigated the efficiency of this firing rate transformation from the viewpoint of information preservation by computing the mutual information between odor stimuli and PN responses in our network model. In the Drosophila olfactory system, all ORNs and PNs are divided ...
The rhinal cortices: a wall of inhibition between the
... than merely relay synchronous activity between neocortex and hippocampus. Rather, they support a gating mechanism whose properties remain to be identified. In spite of the demonstration of well-defined reciprocal connections between temporal neocortex and rhinal cortices, extracellular recordings an ...
... than merely relay synchronous activity between neocortex and hippocampus. Rather, they support a gating mechanism whose properties remain to be identified. In spite of the demonstration of well-defined reciprocal connections between temporal neocortex and rhinal cortices, extracellular recordings an ...
J Comp Physiol (1982) 149: 179 193
... In view of the extensive dissection, necessary for stable intracellular recording, the viability of the preparation was checked by extracellularly recording from a prominent movement sensitive interneuron (H1) in the lobula plate. It responded for > 24 h in the same manner, as in much less extensive ...
... In view of the extensive dissection, necessary for stable intracellular recording, the viability of the preparation was checked by extracellularly recording from a prominent movement sensitive interneuron (H1) in the lobula plate. It responded for > 24 h in the same manner, as in much less extensive ...
Wernicke`s area homologue in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and
... Wernicke’s area is located in the temporoparietal junction, encompassing the planum temporale of the posterior superior temporal lobe. Although a network of areas within the temporal cortex are important for the perception of speech and the comprehension of language, phonological processing, in part ...
... Wernicke’s area is located in the temporoparietal junction, encompassing the planum temporale of the posterior superior temporal lobe. Although a network of areas within the temporal cortex are important for the perception of speech and the comprehension of language, phonological processing, in part ...
A computational model of action selection in the basal ganglia. I. A
... and Hazrati 1993, 1995). The current study incorporates a modi®cation of this scheme as one of its central components. However, we go on to explore its function quantitatively, suggest a novel role for the GPe, and demonstrate how the dopaminergic modulation of striatum may operate in the context of ...
... and Hazrati 1993, 1995). The current study incorporates a modi®cation of this scheme as one of its central components. However, we go on to explore its function quantitatively, suggest a novel role for the GPe, and demonstrate how the dopaminergic modulation of striatum may operate in the context of ...
Very short-term plasticity in hippocampal synapses
... of minimal stimulation. Stevens and Wang (8) found that when synapses successfully release a quantum of neurotransmitter on the first of two pulses, they consistently exhibit depression on second pulses given at short time intervals. Synaptic release probability is completely depressed up to interpu ...
... of minimal stimulation. Stevens and Wang (8) found that when synapses successfully release a quantum of neurotransmitter on the first of two pulses, they consistently exhibit depression on second pulses given at short time intervals. Synaptic release probability is completely depressed up to interpu ...
Stimulation of Medial Prefrontal Cortex Decreases
... intensity and duration was decreased just above threshold (typically 0.05– 0.2 msec pulses of 0.1– 0.5 mA), and the type of response (orthodromic vs antidromic) was determined (for the criteria used to distinguish antidromic and orthodromic responses, see Results). The evoked activity of responsive ...
... intensity and duration was decreased just above threshold (typically 0.05– 0.2 msec pulses of 0.1– 0.5 mA), and the type of response (orthodromic vs antidromic) was determined (for the criteria used to distinguish antidromic and orthodromic responses, see Results). The evoked activity of responsive ...
Drosophila GABA, short neuropeptide F and their receptors
... 1.1.2. Mushroom body The mushroom bodies in insects have a role in olfactory memory and learning. They are composed of the thousands of Kenyon cells, the small but numerous intrinsic neurons of the mushroom bodies. Kenyon cells send their axons through the peduncle (or stalk) from which they bifurca ...
... 1.1.2. Mushroom body The mushroom bodies in insects have a role in olfactory memory and learning. They are composed of the thousands of Kenyon cells, the small but numerous intrinsic neurons of the mushroom bodies. Kenyon cells send their axons through the peduncle (or stalk) from which they bifurca ...
PSYCHOLOGY AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS
... • Active systems alter their own input: – From the retina, signals go to the lateral geniculate body (LGB), which is largely a relay station, and thence to the visual cortex. – But the neural projections from the visual cortex to the LGB are at least as many as from the LGB to the cortex ...
... • Active systems alter their own input: – From the retina, signals go to the lateral geniculate body (LGB), which is largely a relay station, and thence to the visual cortex. – But the neural projections from the visual cortex to the LGB are at least as many as from the LGB to the cortex ...
_ch_16_AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
... 1. Most often, these two divisions have opposing effects • If the sympathetic division causes excitation, the parasympathetic causes inhibition ...
... 1. Most often, these two divisions have opposing effects • If the sympathetic division causes excitation, the parasympathetic causes inhibition ...