This Week in The Journal - The Journal of Neuroscience
... Extracellular calcium concentrations in the brain fluctuate during neuronal activities and may affect the behavior of brain cells. Microglia are highly dynamic immune cells of the brain. However, the effects of extracellular calcium concentrations on microglial dynamics have not been investigated. H ...
... Extracellular calcium concentrations in the brain fluctuate during neuronal activities and may affect the behavior of brain cells. Microglia are highly dynamic immune cells of the brain. However, the effects of extracellular calcium concentrations on microglial dynamics have not been investigated. H ...
Fig. 48.1 Peripheral nervous system
... Nerve impulses propagate themselves along an axon • The action potential is repeatedly regenerated along the length of the axon. – An action potential achieved at one region of the membrane is sufficient to depolarize a neighboring region above threshold. • Thus triggering a new action potential. • ...
... Nerve impulses propagate themselves along an axon • The action potential is repeatedly regenerated along the length of the axon. – An action potential achieved at one region of the membrane is sufficient to depolarize a neighboring region above threshold. • Thus triggering a new action potential. • ...
Modeling Neural Mechanisms of Cognitive-Affective Interaction Abninder Litt () Chris Eliasmith ()
... positive and negative prediction error encoding, in line with recent neurological results. Litt, Eliasmith and Thagard (2006) present our specific opponent computations in the midbrain and raphe. We consolidate these encodings in the ventral striatum, which is also implicated in reward prediction er ...
... positive and negative prediction error encoding, in line with recent neurological results. Litt, Eliasmith and Thagard (2006) present our specific opponent computations in the midbrain and raphe. We consolidate these encodings in the ventral striatum, which is also implicated in reward prediction er ...
Identification of Mechanoafferent Neurons in Terrestrial Snail
... reduced CNS-foot preparations. The average membrane potential of the PlVL cells was 57.5 ⫾ 3.1 mV. A gentle mechanical touch to the skin covering dorsal surface of the foot elicited spikes in the PlVL neurons without any noticeable prepotential activity (Fig. 3A). It is important to stress that acti ...
... reduced CNS-foot preparations. The average membrane potential of the PlVL cells was 57.5 ⫾ 3.1 mV. A gentle mechanical touch to the skin covering dorsal surface of the foot elicited spikes in the PlVL neurons without any noticeable prepotential activity (Fig. 3A). It is important to stress that acti ...
Specialized Neurotransmitters Dopamine
... gap and attach themselves to SPECIAL RECEPTORS on the membrane of the neuron receiving the impulse. This now causes the electrical impulse to be regenerated. After the neurotransmitter relays it message it is rapidly REMOVED or DESTROYED, thus halting its effect. ENZYMES, taken up again by the axon ...
... gap and attach themselves to SPECIAL RECEPTORS on the membrane of the neuron receiving the impulse. This now causes the electrical impulse to be regenerated. After the neurotransmitter relays it message it is rapidly REMOVED or DESTROYED, thus halting its effect. ENZYMES, taken up again by the axon ...
Transgenic Targeting of Recombinant Rabies Virus Reveals
... Generation of biological reagents. EnvA-pseudotyped lentivirus was produced as previously described (Wickersham et al., 2007a) but with the VSV glycoprotein expression vector replaced with the plasmid pCMMPEnvARGCD-IRES-EGFP (Wickersham et al., 2007b) encoding the EnvA envelope glycoprotein with the ...
... Generation of biological reagents. EnvA-pseudotyped lentivirus was produced as previously described (Wickersham et al., 2007a) but with the VSV glycoprotein expression vector replaced with the plasmid pCMMPEnvARGCD-IRES-EGFP (Wickersham et al., 2007b) encoding the EnvA envelope glycoprotein with the ...
Model_Report_--_Schuler_Robert_-
... (striatum and SN/GP), and thalamus are examined. Amos uses the model to explain empirical results for subjects suffering frontal lobe dysfunction which manifest in perseverative errors related to frontal cortex dysfunction and random errors related to striatal dysfunction -- patients suffered from s ...
... (striatum and SN/GP), and thalamus are examined. Amos uses the model to explain empirical results for subjects suffering frontal lobe dysfunction which manifest in perseverative errors related to frontal cortex dysfunction and random errors related to striatal dysfunction -- patients suffered from s ...
fluctuations in somatosensory responsiveness and baseline firing
... administered in the second group of experiments (N⫽30 neurons). In the third group, injection manipulations with the empty device on the rat’s head were simulated (N⫽24 neurons). The latter two groups did not statistically differ from each other in any parameter, which made it possible to combine th ...
... administered in the second group of experiments (N⫽30 neurons). In the third group, injection manipulations with the empty device on the rat’s head were simulated (N⫽24 neurons). The latter two groups did not statistically differ from each other in any parameter, which made it possible to combine th ...
Time Management PowerPoint
... callosum, sharpening memory and increasing capacity to master new information. Part of the reason for the generalized slowing down effect as we age is that the body becomes less efficient at delivering nutrients to the brain. Exercise gets more nutrients to the brain. Older men who stay in shape do ...
... callosum, sharpening memory and increasing capacity to master new information. Part of the reason for the generalized slowing down effect as we age is that the body becomes less efficient at delivering nutrients to the brain. Exercise gets more nutrients to the brain. Older men who stay in shape do ...
Specialized Neurons, Their Characteristics And
... temporarily within the word as long as E is applied. Toggle neurons conveniently serve to sequence the matches (refer to the block labeled Tog in the figure). Initially all toggles are cleared. Because of the "K neural AND gates" labeled 1, the outputs from any given word cannot transmit to words ab ...
... temporarily within the word as long as E is applied. Toggle neurons conveniently serve to sequence the matches (refer to the block labeled Tog in the figure). Initially all toggles are cleared. Because of the "K neural AND gates" labeled 1, the outputs from any given word cannot transmit to words ab ...
peripheral nervous system
... ticklishness as a personality-based response to perceived attack. Antsy folks may laugh uncontrollably at the lightest touch, or even without being touched at all, while folks made of sterner stuff won't budge during more aggressive tickle attacks. If you close your eyes and try to remain calm while ...
... ticklishness as a personality-based response to perceived attack. Antsy folks may laugh uncontrollably at the lightest touch, or even without being touched at all, while folks made of sterner stuff won't budge during more aggressive tickle attacks. If you close your eyes and try to remain calm while ...
4 PNS and ANS
... ticklishness as a personality-based response to perceived attack. Antsy folks may laugh uncontrollably at the lightest touch, or even without being touched at all, while folks made of sterner stuff won't budge during more aggressive tickle attacks. If you close your eyes and try to remain calm while ...
... ticklishness as a personality-based response to perceived attack. Antsy folks may laugh uncontrollably at the lightest touch, or even without being touched at all, while folks made of sterner stuff won't budge during more aggressive tickle attacks. If you close your eyes and try to remain calm while ...
5 PNS and ANS
... ticklishness as a personality-based response to perceived attack. Antsy folks may laugh uncontrollably at the lightest touch, or even without being touched at all, while folks made of sterner stuff won't budge during more aggressive tickle attacks. If you close your eyes and try to remain calm while ...
... ticklishness as a personality-based response to perceived attack. Antsy folks may laugh uncontrollably at the lightest touch, or even without being touched at all, while folks made of sterner stuff won't budge during more aggressive tickle attacks. If you close your eyes and try to remain calm while ...
The Brain - Morales Biology
... Midbrain- small, superior part of the brain stem. Contains the centers for visual reflexes ...
... Midbrain- small, superior part of the brain stem. Contains the centers for visual reflexes ...
Self-Organization and Functional Role of Lateral Connections and
... Figure 3: Size selective columns and lateral connection patterns. In gure (a), each neuron in the network is labeled with a grey-scale value (black ! white) that represents continuouslychanging size preference from small values to large values. Small white dots indicate the lateral input connection ...
... Figure 3: Size selective columns and lateral connection patterns. In gure (a), each neuron in the network is labeled with a grey-scale value (black ! white) that represents continuouslychanging size preference from small values to large values. Small white dots indicate the lateral input connection ...
Psychology - HGunnWikiMHS
... from Worth’s Digital Media Archive for Psychology. • Instructions for importing the video file can be found in the ‘Readme’ file on the CD-ROM. • http://learning.aliant.net/Player/Search/S ubjectTitles.asp ...
... from Worth’s Digital Media Archive for Psychology. • Instructions for importing the video file can be found in the ‘Readme’ file on the CD-ROM. • http://learning.aliant.net/Player/Search/S ubjectTitles.asp ...
The Brain: How does it work?
... Neurons (Greek word meaning bowstring) 100 billion neurons in human brain Neurons essential to performing the brain's work Consist of a compact cell body, dendrites, and axons ...
... Neurons (Greek word meaning bowstring) 100 billion neurons in human brain Neurons essential to performing the brain's work Consist of a compact cell body, dendrites, and axons ...
Chapter 3
... Generation of an Action Potential • An action potential (AP) or impulse is a sequence of rapidly occurring events that decrease and eventually reverse the membrane potential (depolarization) and then restore it to the resting state (repolarization). – During an action potential, voltage-gated Na+ a ...
... Generation of an Action Potential • An action potential (AP) or impulse is a sequence of rapidly occurring events that decrease and eventually reverse the membrane potential (depolarization) and then restore it to the resting state (repolarization). – During an action potential, voltage-gated Na+ a ...
Information transmission and recovery in neural communications
... may be recovered at a later waystation and thus become useful again. Our discussion of the transmission properties of active neural channels is phrased in the context of an idealized channel composed on one neuron N1 that receives information in the form of a spike train and passes this on, modulate ...
... may be recovered at a later waystation and thus become useful again. Our discussion of the transmission properties of active neural channels is phrased in the context of an idealized channel composed on one neuron N1 that receives information in the form of a spike train and passes this on, modulate ...
How Simple Cells Are Made in a Nonlinear Network Model of the
... (1982) were not assigned to a cell layer and that subsequent experimental work in recording the activity of neurons across all layers of macaque V1 has found many neurons in layer 4C␣ that behave just the same as the simple cell illustrated in Figure 1A (Ringach et al., 2001). There have been some m ...
... (1982) were not assigned to a cell layer and that subsequent experimental work in recording the activity of neurons across all layers of macaque V1 has found many neurons in layer 4C␣ that behave just the same as the simple cell illustrated in Figure 1A (Ringach et al., 2001). There have been some m ...
A part of the cholinergic fibers in mouse superior cervical ganglia
... trunk showed a GABA-like immunoreactivity, and there were few GABA-like neurons in the spinal cord. Because their argument was based upon indirect evidence, further direct evidence is needed to elucidate the source of the GABAergic projection to the SCG. The vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAch ...
... trunk showed a GABA-like immunoreactivity, and there were few GABA-like neurons in the spinal cord. Because their argument was based upon indirect evidence, further direct evidence is needed to elucidate the source of the GABAergic projection to the SCG. The vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAch ...
Cellular-synaptic generation of EEG activity
... combined with decreased distance between the recording sites are required for high spatial resolution and for making interpretation of the underlying cellular events possible. Progress in this field is expected to be accelerated by the availability of micromachined silicon-based probes with numerous ...
... combined with decreased distance between the recording sites are required for high spatial resolution and for making interpretation of the underlying cellular events possible. Progress in this field is expected to be accelerated by the availability of micromachined silicon-based probes with numerous ...