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Grammar and Language Workbook, Part 1
Grammar and Language Workbook, Part 1

... 16. They made sand castles on the beach, but waves soon washed away their work. 17. He raked the leaves, but the sudden wind scattered them all over our yard. 18. Your new puppy looks as if it will turn out to be a beautiful, large dog. ...
- e-theses.uin
- e-theses.uin

... classical Latin and Greek (Yule, 1985: 70). Since there were well-established grammatical descriptions of these older languages, it seemed appropriate to adopt the existing categories from these descriptions and apply them in the analysis of languages like English. For example, The lucky boys saw th ...
1. The subject of comparative typology and its aims. Comparative
1. The subject of comparative typology and its aims. Comparative

... contain exhaustive qualitative and quantitative data or characteristics concerning all existing units and phenomena (vowels, consonants, syllables, morph categories, etc) 10. Language universals and their kinds. U – a principle or a pattern shared by all or almost all languages. Absolute u. – featur ...
LI2013 (10) – Syntax (for students)
LI2013 (10) – Syntax (for students)

...  Active or passive voice ...
English Object Alternations: A Unified Account
English Object Alternations: A Unified Account

... lexicalization patterns of verbs of motion. Although the locative alternation, for instance, has been attested in languages from both sides of this divide (Kim 1999:133-140), there may nevertheless be some correlation. The limited literature on this topic suggests that for a particular alternation E ...
A Lexicalized Tree Adjoining Grammar for English
A Lexicalized Tree Adjoining Grammar for English

... e l e m e n t a r y t r e e s . Each elementary tree is constrained to have at least one terminal symbol which acts as its anchor. The trees in I are called initial trees. Initial trees represent minimal linguistic structures which are defined to have a t least one terminal at the frontier (the anch ...
DEFINING TRANSITIVITY AND INTRANSITIVITY: SPLIT
DEFINING TRANSITIVITY AND INTRANSITIVITY: SPLIT

... Although most of the languages exhibit a split-ergative system, there is a minority with a purely accusative system, comprising both some of the Dardic languages in the eastern (Prasun, Khovar) and some of the Iranian languages in the western part of the area (Tati). However, no rigid ergative syste ...
Grammar Essentials 3rd Edition
Grammar Essentials 3rd Edition

... Colloquialisms are informal words and phrases such as in a bind, pulled it off, real good, etc. These words and phrases are widely used in conversations between friends, but in business writing, they portray an attitude of familiarity that may cause your message to be taken less seriously than you i ...
Reciprocal markers in Adyghe, their relations and interactions
Reciprocal markers in Adyghe, their relations and interactions

... The prefix ze- in reflexives proper and canonical reciprocals of transitive verbs always occupies the first slot in the verb form, i.e. the position of the DO agreement marker, including the cases, when it is used in “canonical” reciprocals derived from transitive verbs. In all of uses of ze-, excep ...
Remarks on Nominalizationl
Remarks on Nominalizationl

... case as this. Of course this empirical hypothesis is extremely strong; the evaluation procedure is a part of universal grammar, and when made precise, the proposal of the preceding sentence will have large-scale effects in the grammars of all languages, effects which must be tested against the empir ...
pptx
pptx

... responded “yes” (just like adults would). This suggests that young children’s previous issues with interpreting these kinds of questions stems from an issue in the experimental setup. Specifically, children are sensitive to the pragmatics of asking a question (don’t ask if it’s obvious). If a questi ...
Daily Edit Week 36 May 14-18 Language Arts Horizonte Monday
Daily Edit Week 36 May 14-18 Language Arts Horizonte Monday

... Small acre farming a very important occupation is disappearing. 6th ...
Semantic Features in Argument Selection
Semantic Features in Argument Selection

... linking rules that select subjects and direct objects. In the following, this will be shown to be true for English. Not only languages that do not have subjects (like Tagalog, which has a predicate-topic structure; Schachter & Otanes, 1972), but also other languages with a subject-predicate structur ...
Relative Clauses - eesl542dwinter2012
Relative Clauses - eesl542dwinter2012

... (1) a. We just met that woman [who/whom/that Alan likes so much]. b. We just met that woman [Alan likes so much]. (2) a. We just met that woman [who/that likes Alan so much]. b. *We just met that woman [likes Alan so much]. ...
contrastive analysis between english and indonesian verb phrase
contrastive analysis between english and indonesian verb phrase

... grammar is a way to learn a language to approach the language first thought detailed analysis of its grammar rules, followed by application of this knowledge to the text into end out of the target language. In teaching learning process students should be more concern with the sentence construction. ...
F-LOB/Frown manual
F-LOB/Frown manual

... a list of personal name expressions (e.g. Dr. (X) Y, where X and Y are words beginning with a capital) a list of foreign or classical language expressions used in English (e.g. de jure, hoi polloi) ...
Syntax I
Syntax I

... Further, similarly puzzling data can be obtained from movement. Consider the topicalization of infinitives in German/Dutch, e.g., “walk has he not” A verb that has two internal arguments can be topicalized either together with the first or together with the second, which in the above terms suggests ...
ppt
ppt

... •As a verbal noun, an Infinitive can act as a noun in a sentence. •As such, nominal infinitives can be the subject OR the object of a sentence. •Subjective infinitives are infinitives that fulfill the former role, that of subject. ...
n - Meriden C of E Primary School
n - Meriden C of E Primary School

... if there is a related word ending in –ation. If the –able ending is added to a word ending in –ce or – ge, the e after the c or g must be kept as those letters would otherwise have their ‘hard’ sounds (as in cap and gap) before the a of the –able ending. The –able ending is usually but not always us ...
A GRAMMAR OF HARO WITH COMPARATIVE NOTES ON THE
A GRAMMAR OF HARO WITH COMPARATIVE NOTES ON THE

... affects the morpho-syntactic properties and categorization of a verb. The language has a three-way number-marking system that distinguishes among the singular, paucal and plural number values. The numeral system of Haro is not attested to anywhere else in the Ometo linguistic group. An elaborated sy ...
File - Mrs. Ethington
File - Mrs. Ethington

... under a mouse ...
Thematic Roles and Syntactic Structure
Thematic Roles and Syntactic Structure

... thematic roles have been misdiagnosed. While this approach works well for the frighten-class psych verbs, something more must be said about subject selection in fear-class psych verbs. While it is true that there is no reason to say that John refers to a patient/theme or long novels refers to a caus ...
some infinitive structures in asturian
some infinitive structures in asturian

... preverbal subjects within infinitive clauses make it close to Galician and Portuguese inflected infinitive, although in Asturian it does not correlates with the presence of person and number markers. On the other hand, Asturian shows a wider and more nuanced casuistic (from the sem ...
(2005). Some thoughts on Balto-Finnic passives and impersonals
(2005). Some thoughts on Balto-Finnic passives and impersonals

... impersonalisation does not affect argument structure, it has been claimed, it can apply to nearly all classes of verbs, including unaccusative and copular verbs (e.g. Blevins 2003: 514f.). Before looking at the reasons for treating data as in (6) as subjectless impersonals, we will introduce the Bal ...
A constructional approach to English verbal gerunds
A constructional approach to English verbal gerunds

... combines a head with a genitive NP specifier. Since the subject and specifier are identified with each other, no verbal gerund will be able to combine with both a subject and a specifier. Genitive subject VGerPs will inherit all the constraints that apply to possessive constructions in general, for ...
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Swedish grammar

Swedish is descended from Old Norse. Compared to its progenitor, Swedish grammar is much less characterized by inflection. Modern Swedish has two genders and no longer conjugates verbs based on person or number. Its nouns have lost the morphological distinction between nominative and accusative cases that denoted grammatical subject and object in Old Norse in favor of marking by word order. Swedish uses some inflection with nouns, adjectives, and verbs. It is generally a subject–verb–object (SVO) language with V2 word order.
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